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小夜公主

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就是意思是过去完成的事情:has been+完成时

过去完成时态英文

316 评论(8)

腹黑芝士

一、过去完成时态总体上说它属于“过去”这一时间段内发生的事情,它表达的是在某个过去动作或时间点之前发生的动作,简单地说就是“过去的过去”发生的事情。过去完成时的构成很简单,即 had + 动词的过去分词。例如:had done, had gone, had built 等等。

二、过去完成时的主要用法1、表示在过去动作之前已经发生的动作或存在的状态。比如说,A事件发生在一个月前,而B事件发生两个月前,那么B事件比A事件还要早发生,它就要使用过去完成时。例如:Most of the guest had left when he arrived at the party. (即:客人在他到之前已经离开了。)They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.(即:吃饭在先,他们到达在后。)注意:在上面两个例句,虽然表达时间的连词不同(when当……时;before在……前),但两件事发生的先后顺序很明显。请同学们不要被when, before之类的词搞混淆了,关键要抓住两件事情的先后关系。2、表达在过去某个确定的时间之前发生的事或状态。例如: How many English films had you seen by the end of last term ?在这个例句中,没有两个事件作比较。但是,它有一个明确的时间作参考,即last year明确了告诉我们是“过去”时间,而 by the end of last year说的是在last year之前完成的动作,因此它也是“过去的过去”,可以用过去完成时。

请同学们仔细阅读下面的例句,注意时间的先后关系和动作的先后顺序:

I had finished writing my composition by 10:00 this morning.(今天上午10:00点以前,我已经写完了我的作文。)She had searched the internet for two hours when she found an ad for the Canon digital camera.(当她找到了佳能数码照相机的广告时,她已经在因特网上查询了两个小时。)I went over what I had written again and again so that I wouldn't make any mistakes.(我一遍又一遍地检查了我所写的内容,以至我没有出现任何错误。)The film had already begun when I got to the cinema . ( 当我到电影院时,电影已经开始了。)过去完成时还可以表示从过去某一时间开始,持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。例如: He had worked in the factory for five years before he moved here . ( 在他搬到这儿以前,他已经在那家工厂工作了五年。) I saw Li Ping yesterday . We had not seen each other since I left Beijing . ( 我昨天看见李平了。自从我离开北京,我们就没见过面。)By the time I got there, it had already finished.When she got to the check-out, she realized she had left her purse at home.He said he had never seen Xiao Wang before.Ann had lived in a cottage for sixty years ever since she was born.He arrived at 2∶30. He had been told to wait in the VIP lounge.

三、过去完成的否定句和疑问句

1、否定句 had not ...例如:I hadn't learnt Lesson 20 yet.

2、疑问句 Had....?例如:Had you ever seen such an exciting match before? Yes, I had. / No, I hadn't.

四、下列句式中常用过去完成时

1、hardly, scarcely, barely + 过去完成时+ when+过去时。例如:Hardly had I got on the bus when it started to move. (我刚上了汽车,它就开了。)2、no sooner + 过去完成时 + than + 过去时。例如:No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me. (我刚出去,他就来看我了。)3、by (the end of) + 过去时间,主句中谓语动词用过去完成时。例如:The project had been finished by 8 o'clock yestery morning.

五、下列情况一般不能用过去完成时

下列三种情况不用过去完成时:1、句中如yesterday , last year , in 1986 , three days ago等明确地表示过去时间的状语,谓语动词必须用一般过去时。例如: Peter didn”t play football yesterday . ( 彼得昨天没有踢足球。)2、在叙述两件以上的事件时,如果事件之间连接地很紧凑的一系列的动作,一般仍用一般过去时而不用过去完成时。例如: They decided to stay here , and so they built their houses and made their farms . ( 他们决定呆在这儿,所以他们建了房子,开垦了农场。 )

234 评论(10)

萌萌尛宝贝

过去完成是had done ,表示过去已经完成的事.例下:Marry told Tom she had finished her homework.“Marry告诉Tom她已经完成了作业”在玛丽说话的时候就已经完成了!所以用过去完成时.

225 评论(15)

骑着猪猪追月亮

过去完成时(The Past Perfect Tense) 过去完成时态(一) 过去完成时 1) 概念:表示过去的过去 ----|-------|-----|---->其构成是had +过去分词构成。 那时以前 那时 现在 构成:过去完成时由"助动词had(通用于各种人称和数)+过去分词构成。 用法:过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间?quot;过去的过去"。与by、before等构成的短语连用。 Statements 陈述句 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. 在他们到达旅馆之前,他们已经吃早饭了。 从句中"arrived at"到达在"过去"的时间,而"had already had"吃早饭的动作发生在到达之前,因此主句的时态为"过去的过去"。 I had finished writing my composition by 10:00 this morning. 今天上午10:00点以前,我已经写完了我的作文。 She had searched the internet for two hours when she found an ad for the Canon digital camera. 当她找到了佳能数码照相机的广告时,她已经在因特网上查询了两个小时。 I went over what I had written again and again so that I wouldn't make any mistakes. 我一遍又一遍地检查了我所写的内容,以至我没有出现任何错误。 Negative 否定句 He remembered he hadn't paid for it yet. 他记得�挥懈犊睢?br> He said that he had never seen such a beautiful bird before. 他说他以前从来没有看过这样美丽的鸟。 Questions 疑问句 How many English flushed had you seen by the end of last term? 到上学期期末为止,你们看了多少部英文片? Had you reached the station before ten o'clock? 到十点以前,你们已经到达火车站了吗? 过去完成时的构成 过去完成时由"助动词had (通用于各种人称和数)+过去分词"构成。主要表示过去某时前已发生的动作或情况(也可说是"过去的过去"): By the time I got there, it had already finished. When I got to the check-out, I realized I had left my purse at home. He said he had never seen such an exciting match before. 注:如果时间状语从句的动作发生在前,则从句用过去完成时,主句用一般过去时。 When he had finished his work , he left his office . After I had done my homework , I went to bed. 2) 用法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. b. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. c. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 He said that he had learned some English before. 更详细的可以看:)~~

255 评论(12)

寻找美食的虫

(1)表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作,即“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示,也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示,还可能通过上下文来表示。例如: By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.到昨晚9点钟,我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。 (2)表示由过去的某一时刻开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态,常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。例如: I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.当车来的时候,我在车站已等了20分钟。 He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。 (3)叙述过去发生的事情,在已叙述了过去发生的事情后,反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时,常使用过去完成时。例如: Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine.史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。 I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson.我对动词一无所知,因为我没有好好学习功课。 (4)在含有定语从句的主从复合句中,如果叙述的是过去的事,先发生的动作常用过去完成时。例如: I returned the book that I had borrowed.我已归还了我借的书。 She found the key that she had lost.她丢失的钥匙找到了。 (5)过去完成时常常用在宾语从句(或间接引语)中,这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。例如: He said that he had known her well.他说他很熟悉她。 I thought I had sent the letter a week before. 我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。 (6)在包含有when, until等连词的复合句中,如果主句谓语动词和从句谓语动词所表示的过去动作不是同时发生的,那么先发生的动作通常用过去完成时表示。例如: When I woke up, it had already stopped raining.我醒来时雨已停了。 She didn’t go to bed until she had finished he work.她直到把工作做完之后才睡觉。 注意:如果两个动作紧接着发生,则常常不用过去完成时,特别是在包含before和after的复合句中,因为这时从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确,这时可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。例如: After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English.马克思到达英格兰之后,努力提高他的英语水平。 (7)动词think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法,希望,打算或意图等。例如: They had wanted to help but could not get there in time.他们本来打算去帮忙,但没有及时赶到那里。 We had hoped to be able to come and see you .我们本来希望能来看看你。 (8)过去完成时还可用在hardly…when…, no sooner…than…, It was the first (second, etc) time (that)…等固定句型中。例如: Hardly had he began to speak when the audience interrupted him.他刚开始演讲,听众就打断了他。 No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.他刚到就又走了。 It was the third time that he had been out of work that year.这是他那一年第三次失业了。

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潇湘涵雪

过去时态分别是:一般过去时态、过去进行时态、过去完成时态、过去完成进行时态。

在时间的概念或维度中,过去是相对于现在而言的。因此过去时态是相对于现在时态而言的。也就是说,当事情发生之后,在现在或此刻再去描述过去的那件事。

一、过去一般时态(past simple)。

1、过去常态【general】:现在时态中的【常态】发生了转变。在转变时点之前的常态就是过去时中的常态。

2、过去瞬态:发生过去的某个时点。

3、在复合句中,用以表达真实语气的条件从句(非假设)。

4、在虚拟语气中,用来表达与现在或将来事情相反的主观想法。

二、过去进行时态(past continuous)。

1、过去正在进行的准备或计划,发生在过去(subjective)。

2、过去正在进行的事情,且客观存在(objective);或者是在过去持续一段时间的事情。

3、在复合句中,作为一种场景铺垫或背景描述与过去一般时态搭配使用。

4、在虚拟语气中,用来表达与现在或将来事情相反的主观想法。

三、过去完成时态(past perfect)。

1、动作的开始与结束都在另一个过去的动作之前。故多用于间接引语。

2、在虚拟语气中,用来表达与过去事情相反的主观想法。

四、过去完成进行时态(past perfect continuous)。

1、与过去完成时相比,动作重复发生了多次。

2、与过去完成时相比,动作持续到了过去某一时点,也有可能没持续到过去某一时点但对其有影响 。

3、在虚拟语气中,用来表达与过去事情相反的主观想法。

记忆口诀几相关语法句型:

口诀:

一般过去时并不难,过去动作、状态记心间。 动词要用过去式,时间状语句末站。 否定句很简单,didn't 站在动原前,其它部分不要变。 一般疑问句也好变,did放在句子前,主语、动原、其它部分依次站。 特殊疑问句也简单,疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。 最后一条请注意,动词过去式要牢记!

句型:

1、一般句子。

I watched TV last night.

2、一般疑问句。

Did you watch TV last night?

3、there be 句型。

There was an apple on the table last night.Was there an apple on the table last night.

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