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八年级下册英语语法总结
Unit6 Fun Cycling Topic1 We’re going on a spring field trip 一. 重点词汇 ( 一 ) 词形转换: 1.discuss(名词) discussion2.queen(对应词) king 3.comfortable(名词) comfort 4.safely(形容词) safe (名词) safety ( 二 ) 词的辨析 1. find out / look for / find 2. cost / pay for / spend on 3. other /else 4. raise /rise 5.each /every 6.exciting / excited (三)重点词组: 1.go on a visit to 去……旅行 2. make the decision 做决定 3.bring back 带回 4.go on a field trip 去野外旅行 5.decide on (upon) sth 对某事做出决定 6 see the sunrise 看日出 7. make a reservation 预订 8. come up with 想出（主意） 9. look forward to (doing) sth 期望 10. pay for 支付；赔偿 11. raise money 筹钱 12. book a ticket 订票 13. make a room for sb 为……订房间 14. have a wonderful time 玩得愉快 15. in the daytime 在白天 16. a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行 17.find out 查出 18. some places of interest 名胜 19. rooms with bathtub 带浴室的房间 20．a hard (soft)sleeper 硬（软）卧 21.my pleasure 不客气 二．重点句型及重点语言点 1. I have some exciting news to tell you. 我有一些激动人心的消息要告诉你们。 to tell you 是动词不定式短语，作定语。动词不定式作定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。如： I have nothing totalk about. He has a lot of work to do. 2. Sounds great!= It sounds great! 听起来不错。 3. We will go on a two-day visit to Mount Tai. 我们将要去泰山玩两天。 go on a visit to 去参观/旅游 They went to a visit to Egypt lastyear. 类似有：go on a trip / goon a picnic a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行 a two-monthholiday 两个月的假期 an eighteen-year-old boy 一个18岁的男孩 4．It’s hard to say. 这很难说。To say 是动词不定式作主语，It 是形式主语。如： It’s nice to meetyou. 5. I’ll ask the airline on the phone. 我将打电话问问航空公司。同义句是： I’ll phone and ask the airline. 6. Bring back your information to class tomorrow and we’ll decide on the bestway to go on our field trip. 明天把你们查到的信息带到班上来，然后我们来决定最好的郊游方式。 bring back 带回。Please bring backyour library books tomorrow. decide on/upon sth 决定，选定 We’re trying to decide on a school.
7.It’s too far for cycling. 骑自行车去路太远了。同义句是：It’ too far to cyclethere. 8.How long does it take to reach Mount Tai by…？乘……去泰山要花多长时间？ 9．How much does it cost to go there ?去那里要花多少钱？ How much does a standard room cost ? 一个标准间的价格是多少？ 10.We have tickets at 120 yuan for the hard sleeper and 180 yuan for the softsleeper. 我们的票价是硬卧120元，软卧是180元。 at 意为“以……”，一般用于表示价格，年龄，速度等词的前面，for 意为“供，适合于”。I’ve got tickets at 80 yuan for The Sound ofMusic. 11.I’d like to book 20 tickets for the hard sleeper. 我要预订20张硬卧票。 20 tickets for the hard sleeper= 20 hard sleeper tickets book tickets 预订票 book a room forsb/sth 为……预订房间 e.g. We want to book some rooms for 14th. 我们想预订一些14号的房间。 12．Please pay for the tickets before 5:30 p.m. 请在下午5：30之前付款。 Pay for 支付 pay for sb to do sth 付钱给某人做某事 e.g. Her parents paid for her to go to America.她的父母支付她去美国的费用. 13. I want to make a hotel reservation. 我想预订房间。 make a reservation 预订 14. We have rooms with a bathtub… 我们有带浴缸……的房间。 with 有或带着 a house with a swimming pool a standard room with two single beds 15.It’s very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. 在加拿大和美国的学校里筹钱是很正常的。raise money 筹钱 We can raise themoney ourselves. 16.It costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket for the draw.每一个学生花一美元便可买到一张抽奖的票。 (1)each 作主语，谓语用单数 Each of the studentsspends one dollar buying a ticket.. （2）用于单数名词前，作定语，谓语用单数。Each student has their own e-mail address. (3)用于复数主语后，作主语同位语，谓语用复数。They each have theirown e-mail address. 17. I am looking forward to hearing from you . 我盼望收到你的来信。 Look forward to 盼望，期待 They are lookingforward to solving the problem. 三.重点语法 动词不定式 （1）动词不定式常跟这些及物动词之后，want ,refuse, forget, need , try, learn , like,agree, help, hope ,decide, begin等。可用顺口溜（要想拒绝忘记，需要努力学习，喜欢同意帮助，希望决定开始） （2）不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not. My mother decided not to buy a computer forme. （3）不定式可以和疑问词who , which ,when,where ,how, what等连用。 Can you tell me what to say at the meeting ? Idon’t know how to get to the station. （4）本topic出现的句子有： I have some exciting news to tell you. I want to make a hotel reservation. It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers. I think the most exciting way is to sell flowers in the evening. Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets. Topic2 How about exploring the Ming Tombs ? 一、重点词汇： （一）词形转换： 1.explore(名词) explore 2. east (形容词) eastern 3.north(形容词) northern 4. push (反义词) pull 5.sadly(形容词) sad (名词) sadness 6. crowd (形容词) crowded （二）重点词组: 1.make a plan 拟定计划 2. make sure 确信，确保 3. come along with 和……一起来 4. at the foot of 在……的脚下 5. be surprised at 对……感到惊奇 6. be satisfied with 对……感到满意 7. out of sight 看不见 8. step on one’s toes 踩着某人的脚 9. can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事 10. spread over 分布于 11.rush out 冲出去 12.raise one’s head 抬头 13.ask sb for help 向某人求助 14.thank goodness 谢天谢地 二．重点句型及重点语言点 1. While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.当你在旅行时，我正忙于准备考试。 (1)be busy doing sth,/ be busy with sth 忙于做某事 I’m busy preparing for my birthday party these days. (2)while 当……时候，引导时间状语从句。当一个动作在正在进行时，另一个动作也同时进行。While my mother wascooking , I was watching TV. 2.Would you help me plan a trip ? 请你帮我定个旅行计划好吗？ Would you 比will you 语气更加客气，委婉, 类似还有could you Could you come along with us ? 3. They surveyed the area to make sure their tombs faced south and hadmountains at the back. 他们仔细勘测了整个区域，确保这些陵墓是坐北朝南，而且在背后有群山环绕。 make sure 确信，确保 Make sure all the windows are closed before youleave. 4.It’s about two and a half hours by bike. 骑自行车大约要2个半小时。 Two and a half hours = two hours and a half 5.It’s to the east of Yongling. 它在永陵的东面。 to the +方位词+of (表示互不接壤) Japan is to theeast of China. on the +方位词+of (表示相互接壤)Fujian is on the south of Zhejang . in the +方位词+of 表示在某一范围内的地区 Beijing is in thenorth of China. 6.They walked into Dingling and were surprised at the wonders. 他们走进定陵，对那里的奇观感到很惊奇。 be surprised at 对……感到很惊奇 He is surprised at dragons. be surprised to do sth 惊奇地做某事 She was surprised tofind she was lost. 7.…so they had to look for space to park their bikes 他们不得不寻找停自行车的地方 space 空间 Can you make space for this old man ? 8. While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped onhis toes. 当人群从四面八方挤来时，有人踩了他的脚。 in one’s direction 朝着某人的方向 step on one’s toes踩了某人的脚 step on sth 踩某物 Don’t step on theflowers and grass. 9.When he finally rushed out of the crowd, he noticed his friends were both outof sight. 当他最后冲出人群时，他注意到他的两个朋友都不见了。 notice sb do sth 注意某人做了某事 notice sb doing sth注意某人正在做某事 10. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily.
選擇淡定
生命是短暂的，空余时间很少，因此我们不应把一刻空余时间耗费在阅读价值不大的书籍上。下面给大家带来一些关于 八年级 英语下册语法知识，希望对大家有所帮助。
八年级英语下册语法1
一般将来时态的应用
do/does 的一般将来时态形式：(shall/will) do
do/does 的一般将来时态的被动语态：(shall/will) be done
一般将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：
肯定句例句：People will have robots in a few years.
否定句例句：People (will not/won't) have robots in a few years.
一般疑问句例句：Will people have robots in a few years?
特殊疑问句例句：What will people have in a few years?
八年级英语下册语法2
过去将来时
一、过去将来时的结构
should/would+动词原形
do/does 的过去将来时态形式：(should/would) do
do/does的过去将来时态的被动语态：(should/would) be done
过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：
肯定句例句：You should write a letter to him.
否定句例句：You shouldn't write a letter to him.
一般疑问句例句：Should I write a letter to him?
特殊疑问句例句：What should I do?
八年级英语下册语法3
过去进行时
do/does 的过去进行时态形式：(was/were) doing
do/does 的过去进行时态的被动语态：(was/were) being done
过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：
肯定句例句：I was walking down the street when a UFO landed.
否定句例句：I wasn't walking down the street when a UFO landed.
一般疑问句例句：Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed?
特殊疑问句例句：What were you doing when a UFO landed?
动词 when 和 while 的选择：when 后加瞬间动词，while 后加延续性动词。
例句：The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.
=While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.
八年级英语下册语法4
宾语从句
结构：主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语从句(主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语/表语)
1、引导名词性从句的连接词
(1)that：没有含义，在宾语从句中不做成分
(2)whether/if：表示是否，宾语从句中不做成分。
I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后，他是否还住在这里。
(3)连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose(在宾语从句中做主、宾、表和定语)
连接副词：where, when, how, why(在宾语从句中做状语)
2、在做宾语从句的题目时应注意时态
(1)当主句是现在时态时，宾语从句可以根据需要使用任何时态。
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。
(2)当主句是过去时态时，宾语从句必须是一种过去的时态。
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。
(3)当表示客观事实或普遍真理的 句子 做宾语从句时，任何时候都用一般现在时。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老师说过地球绕着太阳转。
八年级英语下册语法5
if 引导的条件状语从句
结构：主句 + if + 条件状语从句
if + 条件状语从句 + [(comma)] + 主句
注意：
在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，主句应用将来时态，状语从句用一般现在时态。
例句：You'll have a great time if you go to the party.
=If you go to the party, you'll have a great time.
八年级英语下册语法6
现在完成进行时态
do/does 的现在完成进行时态形式：have/has been doing
do/does 的现在完成进行时态的被动语态：have/has been being done
现在完成进行时态所应用的场合：
①某事从过去发生一直持续到现在都在做
②过去发生的动作对现在造成影响
I have been making progress since he talked with me that time.自从那次他与我谈过心后，我天天都在进步。
现在完成进行时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：
肯定句例句：I have been skating for five hours.
否定句例句：I haven't been skating for five hours.
一般疑问句例句：Have you been skating for five hours?
特殊疑问句例句：How long have you been skating?
八年级英语下册语法7
现在完成时
一、现在完成时的结构
主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他.(当主语是第三人称单数时用has,其余人称用have.)
否定式:主语 + haven't/hasn't + 过去分词 + 其他.
疑问式: Have /Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他?
简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)
No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定)
二、现在完成时用法、定义详细讲解
1、表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，着眼点在现在，主要强调过去发生的事情对现在的影响。
He has lost his wallet.他的钱包丢了。
We’ve had too much rain this year.今年 雨水 太多。
2、表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在，并可能延续下去的动作。
He has worked here for over twenty years.他在这里工作已有20多年了。
3、表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种 经验 ，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice, ever, never, three times等时间状语。
I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京两次。
八年级英语下册语法8
反意疑问句
反意疑问句由肯定陈述句加否定问句构成，或者由否定陈述句加肯定问句构成。
He's a student, isn't he?
She's not his mother, is she?
回答反意疑问句时，要根据事实来回答。若事实是肯定的，则必须用 yes 回答。若事实是否定的，则必须用 no 回答。
---You're not ready, are you?你还没有准备好，对吧?
---No, I'm not.是的，我没有准备好。
---Yes, I am.不，我准备好了。
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★ 初二下册英语语法汇总
李家子弟平平
英语一直是我们学习的难题，主要是英语语法没有学好，那么应该怎么学好英语语法呢?下面是我分享给大家的初二下册英语语法知识点，希望大家喜欢! 初二下册第一单元英语语法知识点 语法：1.复习一般过去时;2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。 2.不定代词和不定副词的用法： (1)左边的some、any、every、no与右边的body、one、thing构成不定代词，some、any、every、no与右边的疑问副词where构成不定副词; (2)一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句，以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句;以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义(no one为两个单词); (3)不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时，形容词放在后面。 He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。(肯定句用something，形容词important放后) Did you buy anything special? (一般疑问句用anything，形容词special放后) Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗? (一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere，形容词interesting放后) (4)不定代词和不定副词做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式。Everone is here today.今天每个人都在这里。 本单元的短语和知识点： 1. go on vacation去度假 go to the mountains 上山/进山 2.stay at home呆在家go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营 3. study for tests为考试而学习\备考 go out出去 4. quite a few相当多,不少(后跟可数名词复数)take photos照相 most of the time大部分时间 5.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物 6. taste good. 尝起来很好 taste(尝起来)、look(看起来)、sound(听起来)为感官动词，后跟形容词 7.have a good\great\fun time过得高兴，玩得愉快(=enjoy oneself) 8. go shopping去购物 9. nothing…but+动词原形：除了……之外什么都没有 He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了读书无事可做。 10. seem to do sth:好像… I seem to know him.我好像认识他。 seem+(to be)+形容词：看起来…The work seems(to be)easy.这工作看起来很容易。 11.keep a diary记日记 12. in+大地方：达到某地 (get to +地方：达到某地) arrive at+小地方：达到某地 (get的过去式为got) 若是arrive和get后跟home、there、here三个地点副词，后面的介词in\at\to必须去掉。 Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening.昨晚汤姆到家。 13.decide to do sth:决定做某事 14. try doing sth.尝试做某事try to do sth.尽力去做某事 15. feel like给…的感觉;感受到 16. in the past 在过去 walk around四处走走 enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事 difference(名词，差异，差别)---- different(形容词，不同的) 18.start doing sth：开始做某事 (= start to do sth) 19.19.over an hour一个多小时 (over超过，多余 = more than) 20. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数。 too much 太多，后跟不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。 much too 太，后跟形容词或副词 ， 分辨三者的口诀： too much much too, 用法区别看后头:much 后接不可数,too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。 21. because of 因为,后接名词、代词或动名词(即动词+ing)，不能接句子。 because因为，后跟句子。 He was late for school because of getting up late.他因为起晚而上学迟到。(get为动词) = He was late for school because he got up late. 22. enough(足够的)与名词连用，一般放在名词前He has enough money . 23. enough(足够的)与形容词或副词连用，enough放在后面。He is old enough to go to school. 24. doing sth.忘记已经做过某事(已经做完) Forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(还未做)(forget的过去式为forgot) 25. so+形容词+that+句子：如此…以至于… too+形容词+to do sth：太…以至于不能… 形容词+enough to do sth：足够…能够做某事(注意三个句型有时可以互换) He is so young that he can′t go to school.= He is too young to go to school. = He isn′t old enough to go to school. 初二下册第二单元英语语法知识点 语法：1.复习一般现在时;2.学习表示频率副词的用法。 主要频率副词的等级排序：always(总是) > usually (通常) > often(经常) > sometimes(有时) > hardly ever(很少) > never(从不) 这些副词在句子中的位置，一般放在助动词、be动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。即：“行”前“助(系)”后。 Peter is always late for school. Peter上学总是迟到。 I usually do my homework in the evening. 我通常在晚上做作业。 提问 always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词，用 How often I watch TV every day.我每天都看电视→How often do you watch TV?(你多长时间看一次电视?) 本单元的短语和知识点： 1.on weekends在周末 go to the movies去看电影 help with housework帮助做家务 how often多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不 2.once a week每周一次 twice a week每周两次 every day每天 use the Internet用互联网 be free有空 Are you free on weekends?你周末有空吗? 4.stay up late熬夜at least至少go to bed early早点睡觉play sports进行体育活动 5.after school 放学后 6.want sth：需要某物 He wants a new pen.他想要一支新钢笔。 want to do sth:想做某事 He wants to watch TV after school.放学后他想去看电视。 want sb to do sth:让某人做某事 My mother wants me get up early.妈妈让我早起。 7.be good for对……有好处 be bad for 对……有害处 8. play computer games打电子游戏 go camping去野营 9.ask sb about sth：问某人某事 My parents often ask me about my study.我的父母经常问我的学习情况。 10. in one’s spare time在某人业余时间He studies English in his spare time.11.(P13，2b)”数字+percent of+名词”做主语时，后面的单词取决于名词的情况。若名词为复数，后面的动词用复数形式;若名词为单数或不可数名词，后面的动词用单数形式。 In our class ,twenty of students are boys. Thirty of water is dirty. 12.not…at all:一点儿也不 (not构成否定句)I don’t like the movie at all. 13.go online上网=surf the Internet 14.the answer to+名词：…的答案 16.the (best) way to do sth: 做某事的(最好)方式 The best way to learn English is speaking English.学习英语的最好方法是说英语. 17.such as比如 (后跟名词或名词短语)for example 例如(后跟句子) He likes fruits,such as apples,bananas and so on.他喜欢水果，例如苹果、香蕉等。 He has some good ways to study English,for example ,he often listens to tapes. 19.more than (=over)超过，多余 go to the dentist去看牙医 初二下册第三单元英语语法知识点 语法：学习形容词比较级。 本单元的短语和知识点： 1.play+the +乐器 play the drums打鼓 比较play +球类 play basketball打篮球 both…and…两者都(后面的动词用复数形式) Both Tom and Jim are students. 3.be good at+名词\代词\V ing:擅长，在某方面做得好 7.be like:像… The books are like friends.书像朋友。 8.make friends (with sb)：(和某人)交朋友 enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事 9.be different from与…不同 My brother is different from me.我弟弟与我不一样。 10.help sb to (do) sth:帮助某人做某事 常与help sb with sth(在某方面帮助某人)互换 He often helps me (to) learn English.他经常帮助我学习英语。= He often helps me with my English.他经常在英语方面帮助我。 help (to) do sth:帮助做某事He often helps( to)cook at home.他经常在家帮助做饭。 13.be good with sb:与某人相处很好 14.information (n.消息，信息)不可数名词 猜你喜欢： 1. 人教版八年级英语语法复习提纲 2. 初二英语语法知识汇总 3. 八年级英语知识点总结 4. 八年级英语语法知识 5. 人教版八年级英语知识点总结
