丸子粉丝
卢恩语(Futhark)→古英语(即盎格鲁-撒克逊语)(Old English、Anglo-Saxon)→英国英语(English)
1.英语的发展要追溯到公元410年,罗马人离开不列颠之后,日耳曼部族包括盎格鲁、萨克逊开始涌入。
2.罗马人走了,没有留下他们使用的拉丁语。反倒是实用的盎格鲁萨克逊语言进入到当地人的语言,带去了新的词汇。
3.公元597年,基督教传入英国。基督教的流行,使当地人更容易接受拉丁文的怪字,如“martyr(烈士)”, “bishop”和 “font”。
4.公元800年,丹麦人入侵英国。维京语言给英语带来了好战意味明显的词汇,英语中共有2000个词汇源于维京人。
5.1066年,征服者威廉入侵不列颠,带来了来自海峡对岸的法语。法语成为了上层阶级与官方事务用语。总的来讲,英文大概从诺曼语中吸收了一万多个单词。
6.1337 年,英法百年战争开始。在这116年的争斗中,英语吸收了法语中的战争词汇,如“armies”, “navies” 及 “soldiers“, 并逐步取代法语,成为当权者的语言。
7.100年之后诞生了莎士比亚。字典告诉我们,莎士比亚大概发明了2000多个新字,包括好用的词汇还有很多当时的流行词汇。
8.1611年出现了詹姆士王版圣经。新圣经使用了所有人都能理解的语言,使得圣经中的教训不再是“王宫粉墙上”的文字,而是手中的小册,并有传教士在每间教堂宣传。
9.17世纪,科学得到了迅速的发展。皇家学院的科学家们一开始用拉丁文沟通,后来发现其实用自己的母语英文会更简洁。新事物的发现产生了许多新的词汇。
10.在日不落帝国迅速扩张时期,英语从殖民地不同的语言中吸收了许多新的词汇与表达。据统计,在1815年到1914年期间,新变种的英文得以在世界各地发展。
11.随着英文向四面八方扩张,词典编纂者也随之出现,这些人想要解决拼字不统一的无政府状态。于是约翰逊博士花了九年编成了一本英文字典,促成了拼写的统一。
12.英语由古代从丹麦等斯堪的纳维亚半岛以及德国、荷兰及周边移民至不列颠群岛的盎格鲁、撒克逊以及朱特部落的白人所说的语言演变而来,并通过英国的殖民活动传播到了世界各地。
13.在19至20世纪,英国以及美国在文化、经济、军事、政治和科学在世界上的领先地位使得英语成为一种国际语言。如今,许多国际场合都使用英语做为沟通媒介。
古英语受低地日耳曼语影响很大,比如动词,基本词汇,发音,复合词结构,形态变化很复杂,但是与现代的标准德语还是有很大的区别。
现代英语并非起源或演变自罗曼语族亦或是法语,但是数万现代英语词汇,很大一部分来自法语,约5万英语词汇与法语接近甚至是完全相同,现代英语和多数现代欧洲语言都改用字母拼写。
现代英语所使用的拼写字母,也是完全借用了26个字母。所谓“英语字母”,就是古罗马人在书写时所使用的拼写字母。
英语开始以拉丁字母作为拼写系统大约是在公元六世纪盎格鲁撒克逊时代。
英语-百度百科
哆咯哆咯咯
按照你说的,写包饺子的过程也没什么不恰当啊。
I would like to make some introduction on how to make dumplings:
First we need fresh materials. Choose the best Chinese cabbage, ground pork and one tablespoon of leeks to make the stuffing. And then we must prepare a cup of rice flour and one eggs to make exterior of the dumpling. The third we have to prepare something like ginger, soy sauce, pepper, some sesame oil and a cup of warm water. In additon, we have to prepare the tools for making dumplings, including chopsticks, some big bowls and the rolling pin.
Now we start to make the dumpling, there are four steps as follows:
Step 1: Put the eggs into flour and mixing then in the big bowl, the warm water has to fall slow into the flours. When the water is poured, you must use your chopsticks to mix the flour. After mixing, you use your hands to knead the flour. And when you feel the flour bee a dollop then you can stop knead.
Step 2: Now we start to make the stuffing. In another big bowl ,put the stuffing. Cut the leeks into pieces and chop the Chinese cabbage and ginger and the pork. Put them into the bowl and put some salt, pepper, soy sauce, sesame oil. Then you mix all the materials together.
Step 3: Take a ball of dough, And then use the rolling pin rolls the dough, the flour will bee the shape a coaster. Then you can put the stuffing into the dough and press the o sides of the dough together.
Step 4: When you finish making the dumpling then you can boil then into the water.
After boil them, you can happily enjoy them with the soy sauce and vinegar.
An unpleasant experience
It was during a weekend. Mum gave me o tickets for a film and told me she was too busy with the endless housework to go with me . She told me to keep the money if I could sell the extra ticket. I was very happy, of course . At that time , a ticket only cost 20 fen . But to me, a little girl of 12,20 fen seemed quite a lot.
I reached the cinema in a great hurry. Holding the ticket in my hand, I began to look for a buyer. A handsome young man noticed me and the ticket in my hand. He came towards me with a big *** ile, “You've got an extra ticket?”
“Yes,”I nodded .
“That's great . Say , how much?”
“Twenty fen.”
“ Oh ,”he thought for a while and then took out a ten-yuan note from his wallet.
“I'm very sorry, but I've only got this note.” Seeing I was confused① , he added, “Then, how about waiting for a while and I'll give you the money after I have changed it in the cinema's store?”
Without much thinking, I agreed. Then we went to the cinema together. He walked fast. I could hardly keep up with him. By and by, he left me further and further behind. Soon he disappeared in the Gents②. I stood there without knowing what to do. Suddenly I seemed to realize the handsome young fellow had cheated me. He had saved enty fen, but lost his honour.
When the final sunset es, will I be able to walk away knowing I had pletely enjoyed the days of my life? I often find myself thinking and reflecting. However, at the end of it all, I realize that my fear about the future is not having a future. I'm worried that in the blink1 of an eye my life would end. I would not have experienced everything life has to offer or acplished all my goals. My life would be lived without ever having a purpose. I need to live a life with a purpose, the purpose of improving and impacting2 others' lives. I don't want to close my eyes, with the millions of things in my life left undone, not experienced, not achieved, running endlessly until my last breath is a painful regret. I have not yet brought joy to my parents. The many expectations they have for me have not been met. I want to make them proud; the love they have given me is beyond words. To bring happiness to them by fulfilling the expectations they have for me, will be the first step in living a fulfilled life. I have not yet bee the role model I want to be for my younger siblings3. I want to be the person they look up to, the person that they turn to for guidance. However, I have not yet been through enough of life's hardships to be wise enough to give them the advice they need. I love the innocence in their *** iles, but I also know with time that will fade. I want to be the person who protects them and the one who shows them the right way when they're lost in peer4 pressure or their own depression. I have not yet experienced true friendship. Life has given me many friends, but it seemed with time, people changed and so did the relationships. Friends, it seems, e and go. I value friendship, but so far in life, distance or another factor always es in the way of maintaining a friendship. I have not yet had my heart broken. I want to live life until I am able to be in love. I want to be able to trust a boy enough to give him my heart, and yet not be afraid to get it broken. I want to feel the warmth of being in love and the sorrows of having my heart broken. I fear my future will never e, my life ending unfinished. I am not ready for my final sunset. I want to continue my days in the sun, to experience the happiness of the sunshine and the pain of the sunburn. My life is not ready to end; it is barely beginning. I have just started to learn the meaning of life, my wants and needs, my goals and dreams. I want to be able to live long enough to live a fulfilled life, a life that will be remembered, a life that made an impact. As of now, I am enjoying the sunrise, hoping the sunset will e when I will be able to walk away knowing I pletely enjoyed the days of my life. 我觉得这篇还可以。
The trouble in English studying I thought i have studied English well before.But since the day that i went into the university,i change my mind.i could not read the most of words in my textbook,i could not understand what the teacher said,i could not remember new words,i could not get the answer when i did my homework and so on. Am i lazy ? i'm not lazy in university. i remember new words everyday ,but fet them after sleeping. Though i also can get a good mark in exams now,i feel i can't know about English well.Maybe i only can study how to pass the examination instead of knowing about English.this is the problem.。
On the patient, I think people will learn to be patient as long as the Society has many, if a person will not have the patience, then he would e to naught, life can be seen that with patience, it would be happy, all the problems immediately. Patience as we learn to treat the same patient in a positive belief in hard to treat, we will taste patience brought us many benefits, which learned bitter sweet in billion, for the future laid the foundation for life.。
An unfetable experience
This morning, I take my first taste on seeking family education with a high heart-lever. In latest, I have summonned up my encourage to carry out this travel, and regulate myself that I will not do work at a payment lowing 20RMB per hour at least for self-thought that I am hold an impressive proficiency of English and an outstanding condition.
After a string of waiting time, I welcame the first customer, a couple. Leading a mutual chinchin, our talking seemed going *** oothly before refering to the wages. The man said:" How much you want get per hour." I though deeply and gave a reply:" OK, 20 is moderate." The women interfered:" But I have noticed that other tutors just require for a specific pay under 15!" I promptly conscioused that all my particularly excellent conditions descend to an ignorable position when refering to wealth. Merely I can leave an so-called engagement for excluding unexpective circumstances。
Yes, I am on the way of reaching *** ness, the bricks-and-mortar world is not as absolute as I believe. Not a popular character I can be only in own mind. Yes, I should on days ahead conduct every step on the sea-lever. Illusion is virtual, my agenda is need to be foot by foot. I am sure that one day current days are abount to bee to what I fantasize now!!
On Making Friends
Directions: You are allowed 30 minutes to write a position on the topic On Making Friends. You should write at least 120 words and base your position on the
outline given in Chinese below.
1.每个人都有朋友。
2.真正的友谊建立在相互信任的基础上。
3.你的做法。
On Making Friends
If I ask you: "Do
you have friends?" You might *** ile and answer,"Sure, I do!" Yes, everyone of us needs friends and we all have friends. Friends are like *** all boats that take us to safe harbors. Friends are like trees that give us shade in hot summer days.
True friendship depends on mutual trust. True friends always help and learn from each other, but they never trouble each other with trifles. A true friend will keep a secret for you and so will you for him. True friends may not share the same way of life, but they are likely to share the same way of thinking. True friends never take advantage of each other. In a word, true friends are friends through thick and thin.
I appreciate the kind of friendship mentioned above. I adhere to the principle of making friends with those who are honest and reliable, that is to say, friends should be trustable and dependable.
--摘自中国教育文摘
三、快乐体验类1.I was lucky enough to visit … with my …..2.…is famous for its…3.I have never had such an amazingexperience before.4.We all worked very hard so as to plantmore trees because we all know trees are the best pollution fighters.5. It is unfettable because it's thefirst time that I have done something meaningful to protect the environment.6. It is said that the money in the redpacket will bring children good luck.7. Especially, children like the festivalevery much because they can not only have delicious food, wear new clothes butalso receive red packets from their parents or their elders.8. In my opinion, the most special day wasthat day….9. It is the most …time/moment that I havenever fotten10.The more I spend on it, the more deeplyI will lost myself.给你点素材。
Before reading how to make Apple milk shake ,we should know what are the material required .Apple milk shake is one of the best cool drink.And it's one of the best drink which contain Vitamin A and Vitamin C.we should Ingredients 1/4 kg Apples,10 tsp Sugar,2 cups Milk and 1 cup Water.Frist Cut the peeled apples into *** all pieces.ok!Now, beat in a mixer.then Pour water, milk and sugar and beat well.Last Whip it for three minutes and serve.。
好好生活2013
1、公元5世纪左右,盎格鲁人、撒克逊人和朱特人的部落从欧洲中部来到大不列颠岛,那时他们的语言被称为古英语。古英语晦涩难懂,但是它为现在普遍使用的英语奠定了基础。
古英语时期有两个重要的事件,给英语词汇带来较大的影响。一是基督教传入英国,罗马文化也随之传入。二是维京人入侵英国,从公元790年开始,大批斯堪的纳维亚人在英国定居,这一时期不少斯堪的纳维亚词语融入英语。
2、1066年,诺曼人占领了英国。在诺曼帝王的统治期间,英国存在三种语言:法语、拉丁语和英语。法语是皇室和富人的象征,而英语主要为下层阶级的人所使用。
虽然这段时间英语的地位不及法语,但是英语仍在不断地发展,它不断地吸收拉丁语和法语的词汇,包括很多日常的词汇和月份的表达。1453年,英法百年战争结束,英语重新成为最具地位和权威的语言。
3、现代英语一般以1700年为界,分为早期现代英语和后期现代英语。早期现代英语时期,英国的文学兴盛促使英语进一步地发展。其中特别值得一提的是大文豪莎士比亚,他至少发明了1700多个单词,对英语的发展做出了极大贡献。
后期现代英语时期,随着英国资产阶级革命和工业革命的爆发,英国不断地向外扩张,不少来自其他国家的词汇进入了英语。
扩展资料
中国历史从两晋转入十六国的时候还是不见英语的踪影。直到中国历史进入南北朝,当《木兰诗》在民间口口相传时,英语才有了雏形(公元449年),这一年被公认为是英语口头语言起源和形成的最早年代。
在唐朝诗人李白(701-762)生活的年代,记录盎格鲁-撒克逊民族历史的书面文字还是拉丁文。大约在白居易(772-846)去世45年以后(公元891年),盎格鲁-撒克逊人才开始用本民族文字(古英语)撰写《盎格鲁-撒克逊编年史》(Anglo- Saxon chronicle)。
English这个词出现的年代大约是9世纪,即中国的唐朝晚期。在其发展演变过程中,英语在语音、语法和词汇等方面受到过拉丁语、法语和丹麦语等语言的影响和改造(很多学者认为现代英语是一种杂交语言,应该称做“英拉法丹语”)。
但英语的基因很强、生命力极其旺盛,在英国经历文艺复兴之后,英语已发展成为一种有竞争力的语言。莎士比亚之后,英语便开始走向世界。大约在英国工业革命(18世纪中期)开始之后,英语已成为一种可以在世界各地与拉丁语和法语争雄天下的语言。
参考资料来源:百度百科-英语
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