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2017高考英语必背3500词
词汇量是衡量英语水平的一个重要尺度,是英语听、说、读、写的基础,是高考英语复习的重中之重。下面是我整理的高考考生必背的3500个词汇中以E和F开头的词汇，欢迎阅读!
1. eager adj. 渴望的 be eager for sth be eager to do
2. earn v. 挣;赢得; arn a living /earn one’s living she earns the respect of her students.
3. easy adj. Easier said than done 说时容易做时难 Take it easy 别急，放松
4. ◎educate v. 教育， 培养 educated a. 受过教育的 an educated person
education n. 教育 receive a good education
5. effect n. 影响，效果 cause and effect 因果 bring sth into effect 使生效
come into effect 生效 take effect 开始起作用，见效
have a … effect on sb/sth 对某人、某物有….影响
The medicine soon took effect. New controls come into effect next month.
v. affect Does television affect children’s behaviour?
Does television have an effect an children’s behaviour?
6.effort n. 努力 make an effort /make every effort/ make efforts做出努力
spare no effort(s) 不遗余力
7. elder n 长者;长辈;adj 年纪较长的(只做定语)elder sister 大姐
Children have no respect for their elders nowadays.
8. ●elect (投票)选举 v. elect sb.(as)… an elected leader/representative
n. election win/lose a election run for election 参加竞选
9. ◎ 1)electrical a. 电的，电器的 lectrical equipment/engineer
2)electric 用电的，电动的 electric current 电流electric shock 电击 electric blanket
3) electronic 电子的 electronic calendar
10. else adj 别的/其他的(做后置定语)or else 否则
You can use somebody else’s car. Who else can do it?
11. ◎embarrass v. 使尴尬embarrassed -embarrassing –embarrassment
embarrass sb. feel embarrassed about
12. ◎emergency n. 紧急情况 in case of (an) emergency
13. ◎encouragement n. 鼓励-encourage-encouraged-encouraging
encourage sb to do sth
14. end n.末尾;终点;结束 v.结束;终止 bring sth to an end end up in failure
put an end to sth end up doing
come to an end end up with
15. ◎ energetic a. 精力旺盛的，精力充沛的 energetically adv.
energy n. 精力 be full of energy
16. enough n 足够 adj足够的/充分的 ad足够地/充分地
I can’t thank you enough.=I can’t thank you too much. old enough to go to school
There are enough chairs for the guests.
17. enter vt进入 ,参加 entrance 入口，入学 enter a room enter for …报名参加… enter the competition the entrance to the hall
the college entrance exanimation 大学入学考试
18. ◎ enthusiastic a. 热情的.，热心的 enthusiastically adv. be enthusiastic about
19. ●entry 进入 Countries seeking entry into the European Union.
20. ◎environment n. 环境 protect the environment environmentally friendly
21. envy vt/ n嫉妒/羡慕 envy sb sth the envy of sb
22. equal adj平等的，相同的 vt等于 be equal to sth/doing equal the world record
23. ●equip vt.提供设备;装备;配备 ________,_________
equip …with be fully equipped The course is designed to equip students for a career in nursing. equipment (不可数)装备/设备 a piece of equipment
24.escape v / n 逃跑，逃脱escape +n/doing逃避… escape from …逃离(地点)
a narrow escape
26. every other day= every second day= every two days 每隔一天、每两天
every few days 每几天
27.exact adj 精确的 to be exact 确切的说 exactly adv精确地 This is exactly what he needs.
28.examine vt检查/诊察 have one’s eyes examined
29.example n 榜样 set an example to/for sb take sth for example follow sb’s example
30. except prep除…之外
His composition is good except for some spelling mistakes.
I didn’t tell him anything except that I needed the money.
31. ◎ exchange 交换，调换，交流 n.1)fair exchange 公平的交换
2) in exchange 作为交换 He gave me a book and I gave him a pen in exchange
3) in exchange for sth 和…交换 I took his watch in exchange in exchange for camera
v. exchange A for B =exchange B with A exchange greetings
32. excite vt 使兴奋/使激动 If the loud noise excites the lion, he may attack you.
We are excited to hear the exciting news. in an excited voice
33.exist vi 存在 There exists no life on the moon.(有…)
◎existence n. 存在 come into existence 开始存在，成立 be in existence 存在
35. ●expect 预料;盼望;认为,预料，预期，预计
You can’t expect to learn a foreign language in a few months.
expect sth of/from sb. expect too much of sb I except so/ I don’t except so
----Will you be late? ----I expect so. ( I guess / think so)
◎expectation n. 预料，期望
beyond (all) expectation(s) 出乎意料 contrary to (all) expectations 和预料相反
come up tpo one’s expectations 达到期望水平 fall short of one’s expectations 没达到期望
in expectation of 准备(有某种情况) He closed the windows in ~ of rain.
36. experience n 经历(cn) 经验(un) v 经历,体验 experience a different culture
be experienced in sth/doing = have experience in sth/ doing
37. experiment n 实验 make/ do/perform/carry out an experiment
38. ◎expert n. 专家 He is an ~ cook.
adj. 有经验的 be ~ at He is ~ at playing the piano.
39. explain v 解释 explain sth to sb explanation n 解释
40. ◎exploit vt. 利用, 剥削 In the past, farmers were ~ by landlords.
开采，开发 We must ~ the country s mineral resources exploitation n.
41. ●explore vt./vi 勘探 explore sth for sth exploration n. oil exploration
43. ●expose 揭露 陈述，揭露(尤指对令人震惊的或故意保密的事实)
My job as a journalist is to expose the truth.
露出He smiled ,exposing a set of amazingly white teeth.
Don’t expose a baby to strong sunlight.
44. express v, 表达; adj, 快的 expression n表达/词句/表情/神色
You are free to express yourselves in class. have a worried expression on one’s face
45. eye n 眼睛/眼力 have an eye for sth 对…有鉴赏力 keep an eye on sb/sth 照看/留意 catch one’s eye 吸引注意力
46. face n脸， 表情 v面对，面向，正视 face sth 面朝，面对 be faced with …面对，遇到
47. ●fade vt./vi 褪色，(颜色)消退 The sun had faded the curtains.
The curtains had faded in the sun.
fade away (to disappear gradually) her smile /laughter /voice faded away
48. fail v.失败，不及格，衰退，未发生 failure n, 失败
fail to do sth power failure
fail ( in ) sth words failed me.
fail in doing My eyesight failed.
If rain fails, the farmers will suffer.
I fail to see why you won’t give it a try.
◎failure. n. 失败 Failure is the mother of success
失败的人或事 The man is a ~. The party was a ~
49. fair adj公平的，相当大的，白皙的，晴朗的, 金黄的：n.博览会
a fair price/ fair skin/ a fair day /fair hair fairly pretty
50.fall (fell fallen) n秋季，跌倒; v降落，突然到来; 系动词v进入…状态
fall ill/asleep/silent fall behind
fall over fall to the ground
fall down from../fall off… A sudden silence fell.
My birthday falls on a Monday this year.
51. ◎fantastic. adj. 极好的 That s an ~idea.
巨大的 a ~ amount of money 荒诞的 a ~dream
52. far adj /adv远的，远地 farther, further ( further表抽象含义further study)
far from:离…远; 远远不… His work is far from satisfactory.
As/so far as I can see= In my opinion=Personally依我看….
53. fault n 缺点，毛病 Why should I say sorry when it’s not my fault?
find fault with sb
54. favor n 恩惠，好处，帮忙 Could you do me a favor?
Can I ask a favor? 请帮个忙好吗? We are all in favor of the plan.
55. ●feast盛会，宴会 v. feast your eyes n. a wedding feast
The evening was a real feast for music lovers.
56. feed v 喂养，饲养 They have a large family to feed.
We feed horses on grass.(We feed grass to horses.)
57.feel (felt,felt) vt, link.v 发觉，意识到，感觉
She couldn’t feel her legs.他的双腿失去了知觉。
You will feel better after a good night’s sleep.
I am not quite feeling myself today. We teachers feel strongly that …
The blind man felt his way along the road. feel like sth/doing sth
58.few n,adj 不多，少数，少数的，
only a few/quite a few/a good few/every few days
I have a few friends here./I have few friends here.
The few friends I made here are all teachers.
59.figure n,v数字，图形，身形，人物 be round in figure 呈圆形 have a good figure 身材好
figure out a problem 算出一道题 I couldn’t figure out who he was.我想不出他是谁。
60.fill vt vi填满，装满 Fill the glass with water.
A big crowd filled the hall. Her eyes suddenly filled with tears.
fill in the blank/fill in the hole/fill up
61.film n v 电影，影片，拍摄 develop a film
Everything was covered in a film of dust.
62.find (found,found) 找到，发现，感到 find one’s way
I find it necessary to find a good map.
When she came to, she found herself lying in bed.
The teacher found herself surrounded by her students.
I wanted to talk to him but he was nowhere to be found.
63.fire n 火 v射击，开火，解雇,点燃 be on fire for /fire sb
64.fit n合适的衣服adj合适的，胜任的v适合
a good fit/be fit for/be fit to do/keep fit/fit sb well/ think(see) fit to do 认为合适
65.fix v.修理，安装，确定，决定 Has the date of the meeting been fixed?
The car can’t start—can you fix it?
All the students are listening to the teacher with their eyes fixed on the blackboard.
This is a fixed phrase.
66. flash n 闪光，转瞬间v闪光
Memories flashed through my mind.往事历历在目。 a flash of lightning/in a flash
69. ◎flesh. n. 肉 your own ~ and blood 你自己的亲骨肉
in the flesh 亲自，本人
70. flood n 洪水，一大阵 v 淹没 The river is in flood.河水泛滥。
What a flood of rain.好大一阵雨。 Letters flooded the office.信件大量涌入办事处。 Warmth flooded my heart.我心里热乎乎的。
71.floor n地板，(议会的)发言权 take the floor发言
live on the third floor have/get the floor取得发言权
72. ◎fluent adj. 流利的 He is ~ in English. He speaks ~ English
fluently adv. fluency n.
73. fly(flew, flown) v 飞，飞行，放，飘，突然开n 飞行，苍蝇
Birds fly in the sky. A flag flies in the wind.
How time flies.时间飞逝。 The door flew open.门突然开了。
74. ◎focus. vt. 集中 ~ one s eyes /attention Eyes were ~ed on him
n. 焦点，引人注目的中心
75. follow v 跟随，效仿，跟得上
follow sb up the stairs/follow one’s example/follow this road
in the following years Their requirements are as follows. Do you follow me? The teacher came in, followed by some students./following some students.
76.fool n傻子 v愚弄 make a fool of sb fool sb into doing sth All(April)Fools’ Day
77.for ten for a dollar/take sb for a fool/So much for today/
a ticket for tomorrow He is tall for his age
78. ●forbid 禁止;不许 ________,_________
forbid sb. from doing forbid sb.to do forbid doing the Forbidden City
79. force v强迫，迫使n 外力
force sb to do sth force sb into doing force one’s way force a smile
82. forget v忘记 forget to do sth/forget doing
Don’t forget me to your mother. You must do it before you forget it. Forget about sth 别再想… Forget it.
83. ●fortune u/n财产;运气 seek one’s fortune make one’s fortune
84. free v自由的，空闲的，免费的 be free from/of
free of charge/for free/free sb from(of) a tax-free shop/a smoke-free room
85. freeze vi vt 结冰 Water freezes at zero degrees centigrade.
I am freezing.我快冻僵了。 Smiles froze on her face.笑容在她脸上僵住了。
be frozen/freeze to death freezing cold/burning hot
86. fresh adj新鲜的 fresh air/water/color/news
87. friend n 朋友 make friends with sb a friend of Mary’s / a friend of mine
friendly adj友好的
88.fun n 有趣的事，娱乐，玩笑 It is great fun to swim in a pool in summer.
have fun doing just for fun make fun of sb
89. ◎function. n. 功能，作用，职责 the ~ of a chairman. 聚会，集会 official ~s v. 起作用，正常工作 The machine functions well.
零摄氏度的空气
有很多的同学是非常想知道，英语最常用固定搭配 短语 有哪些?接下来是我为大家整理的高考英语常用固定搭配词组，希望大家喜欢!
高考英语常用固定搭配词组一
H
had better 最好
half an hour 半小时
hand in hand 手拉手
hand in 交上;交进
hand out 分发
hand over 移交 ( 权力，责任等)
hand sth down from generation to generation 把…一代一代传下去
have ( got ) to 不得不;必须
have a cold (患)伤风
have a fever 发烧
have a headache 头疼
have an idea of 知道…
have breakfast 吃早饭
have sb do/doing 让某人做某事
have some/nothing to do with 和......有些(没有)关系
have sth done 使某人做某事
have sth on 穿着;戴着
head for 朝…前进，向…去
head off 把…引导别的方向去
hear about 得悉，听说
hear from 收到…的来信
hear of 听说
heart and soul 全心全意
help oneself to sth 自取;随便吃
help out 帮助克服困难，帮忙
help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事
help to do 有助于
here and there 各处;到处
hold back 控制 (感情，眼泪等)
hold down 压下，抑制
hold off 挡住
hold on (打电话时) 等着，别挂断
hold one's breath (由于激动、害怕等)不出气;并住呼吸
hold one's head high 昂首，趾高气昂
hold out 提供，提出
hold up 举起
hold up one’s head 高昂着头
hope for the best 尽量望好处想
how far 多远
how long 多久
how many 多少
how much 多少
how often 多久
how old 多大
how soon 多久以后
human being 人
hurry up 赶紧;急忙
I
in a hurry 匆忙地
in a minute 不一会儿，立刻
in a short while 不久
in a word 总之，简言之
in all 总计，全部
in common 共同
in danger 处于危险状态
in English 用英语
in fact 实际上
in favour of 支持，赞同
in fear of 在…恐惧中
in front of … 在…的前面
in fun 开玩笑似的
in future 今后
in good health 身体健康
in half 一半
in need of 需要
in order 按顺序，井然有序
in order that/to 为了
in other words 换句话说，也就是说
in place of 代替
in poor health 身体不好
in public 当众，公开地
in rags 穿着破衣服
in search of 寻找，追求
in sight 在视野内，看得见
in someone’s/something’s favour 对…有利
in space 在空间
in surprise 惊奇地
in the day 在白天
in the daytime 在白天
in the distance 在远处
in the distant future 在久远的将来
in the end 最后;终于
in the face of 面对…而不顾
in the front of … 在…的前部
in the future 在将来
in the hope of sth 希望…
in the near future 在不久的将来
in those days 在过去，在那些日子里
in time 及时，最终，迟早
instead of 代替;而不是
高考英语常用固定搭配词组二
leave off (使)停止;停下来
leave out 忽略，遗漏;省略
at length 最后，终于
let alone 不干涉;不碰
let down 放下;降低;使…失望
let go 放开;释放;发射
let in 让…进入;放…出来
let off 放(炮);开(枪);宽恕
let out 放掉(水等)，发出
let up 减小;(雨等)渐渐停止
on a level with 和…同一水准
lie down 躺下;(故意)躺下不干
lie in 在于;分娩;睡懒觉
lie on 依赖;压迫;折磨(人)
lie over 等待以后处理
lie up 卧床;(船)入坞
in light of 按照，根据;鉴于
all one's life 一生，一辈子bring to life 使苏醒
come to life 苏醒过来
for life 终身
to the life 逼真地，维妙维肖
throw light on sth. 解释，阐明
light up 照亮;点(烟)
make light of 轻视，藐视
set light by 轻视
and the like 等等，以及诸如此类
like any thing 象什么似地;拼命地
limber up 使柔软;柔和一下身体
go beyond the limit 超过限度
to the limit 到顶点，到最大限度
within limits 在一定范围之内
in line 成一直线;整齐;一致
in line with 跟…一致;符合
listen for 等着听…(的声音)
listen into 收听;监听;偷听
not a little 许多，很
我推荐：2018年英语高考重点必背短语精选
live off 住在…之外;靠…生活
live on 靠…生活;以…为食
live out 活过(某一段时间)
live through 经历过;度过;经受住
live up to 无愧于;做到;符合
live with 接受;忍受;承认
be located in 位于…，坐落在…
at longest (把日期)至多，最晚
in the long run 从长远来看，最后
long for 渴望so long as 只要，如果;既然
look down on 蔑视，看不起
look forward to 盼望，期待;预期
look into 观察;调查;窥视
look on 旁观;观看;面向
look through (从头至尾)浏览;温习
look up 向上看;查出
look up to sb. 尊敬，敬仰
lose heart 灰心，泄气
lose no time 立即
at a loss 困惑;亏本地
be loyal to 忠于
in the main 基本上，大体上
major in 专攻，专修
made up of 由…组成，由…构成
make as if 假装;装作
make away (急忙)离去;逃走
make away with 携…而逃;摧毁;浪费
make beds 铺床叠被make down 改小(衣服)
make for 走向，向…前进;冲向
make fun of 嘲笑;开…玩笑
make off with 携…而逃
make one's way 前进;成功，发迹
make out 开列;书写;辩认出
make out of 用…制造出;理解
make over 把(财产)转让;改造
make up 拼凑;组成;补偿
make up for 补偿，弥补
many a 许多的，一个又一个的
高考英语常用固定搭配词组三
birth的三个短语
1. at birth 在出生时。如：
He weighed eight pounds at birth. 他出生时重8磅。
2. by birth 出生，血统;天生，生来。如：
He’s French by birth. 他是法国血统。
She’s an actor by birth. 她是天生的演员。
3. give birth 生。如：
Here nobody gives birth at home. 这里没人在家里生孩子。
She gave birth to a fine healthy girl. 她生下一个健康可爱的女孩。
高考英语常用固定搭配词组四
charge的短语及搭配
1 . have charge of sth [sb ] 负责照顾或管理某物或某人。如：
He has charge of the branch. 他主管分店。
Doctors have charge of sick people. 医生负责照顾病人。
2 . in charge of 负责管理，主管。如：
Mr Smith is in charge of the factory. 史密斯先生负责管理这个工厂。
Mary is in charge of the children. 玛丽负责照顾这些孩子。
注：有时可以不出现 of 短语。如：
Who is in charge here? 这里谁负责?
3 . in the charge of 在……的管理之下。如：
The factory is in the charge of my father. 这家工厂由我父亲负责。
比较：
Mr Smith is in charge of our class.
=Our class is in the charge of Mr Smith. 我们班由史密斯先生负责。
注：in the charge of 中的介词 in 有时可换为 under。如：
The baby is in [under] her charge. 这个婴儿由她照看。
4 . take charge of 管理，负责。如：
Soon he will take charge of the department. 他很快会来负责管理这个部门。
The department was badly organized until she took charge
. 这个部门在她负责管理以前组织工作做得很差。
5 . charge some money for sth 因为某事物而索取钱。如：
How much do you charge for a room with a bath? 一间带浴室的房间要多少钱?
They’ll charge at least 50 dollars for doing it. 做这工作他们至少要索50美元。
注：若要指明是向谁而索，可在 charge 后加 sb。如：
He charged me five dollars for this magazine. 这本杂志他向我要了五美元。
I’m not going there again --- they charged me $2foracup of coffee. 我再也不去那里了---- 一杯咖啡就要了我一美元。
6 . charge sb with sth 指控某人做某事，因为某事而控告某人。如：
She charged him with cheating. 她告他进行欺骗。
The police are going to charge him with murder. 警方准备控告他谋杀罪。
注：该结构常用于被动语态形式。如：
He was charged with stealing. 他被指控偷盗。
高考英语常用固定搭配词组五
bed的重要短语
1. go to bed 上床睡觉。如：
He goes to bed at nine. 他九点上床睡觉。
He didn’t go to bed until his wife came back. 直到他妻子回来他才睡觉。
比较 go to bed(上床睡觉)与 go to the bed(到床边去)。如：
He went to bed at 10 last night. 他昨晚10点钟上床睡觉。
He went to the bed and found a letter on it. 他走到床边，发现上面放着一封信。
2. in bed 在床上(睡觉)。如：
He is still in bed. 他还在睡觉。
He’s sick in bed with a cold. 他因感冒而卧床。
注：该结构中通常不用冠词或其他限定词。
3. make the bed 铺床。如：
Make the bed whenever you are up. 起床就要铺床。
注：make one’s (own) bed, 意为“自食其果”。如：
As you make your own bed, so you must lie on it. 你是自作自受。
4. on a (the) bed 在床上。如：
There is a red box on the bed. 床上有个红色的盒子。
注：该结构通常应有冠词或其他限定词，有时它与 in bed 大致同义，只是搭配不同而已。如：
躺在床上看书是个坏习惯。
正：It is a bad habit to read in bed.
正：It is a bad habit to read on a [the] bed.
5. put sb to bed 安顿某人上床睡觉。如：
I’ll just put the children to bed. 我就安顿孩子们去睡觉。
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