南极洲英语介绍

The Antarctic，a Desert of Ice All Year Round The antarctic is actually a desert．It is the only continent on the earth without a river or a lake． The antarctic is all ice all year round．The warmest temperature ever recorded there is zero，at the South Pole．Explorers used to think that a place so cold would have a heavy snow－fall．But less than ten inches of snow falls each year．That is less than half an inch of water．Ten times that much moisture falls in parts of the Sahara． The little snow that falls in Antarctica never melts．It continues to pile up deeper and deeper year after year and century after century．When the snow gets to be about eighty feet deep it is turned to ice by the weight of the snow above it． 南极——终年冰封的不毛之地 南极地区实际上是一片不毛之地，它是地球上唯一没有河流也没有湖泊的大陆。 南极地区终年冰封。那儿历史上的最高气温纪录是零度，那还是在南极点。探险家们过去总认为，如此寒冷的地方可能会有纷飞的大雪，但是，那儿每年的降雪却不足10英寸厚，还没有半英寸水多。撒哈拉沙漠一些地区的降雨量还是那儿的10倍呢！ 降于南极洲的微量的雪从不融化，年复一年，一个世纪又一个世纪地越积越厚。当积雪达80英尺的时候，受上层重压的雪就会凝结成冰。

Antarctica is based on the Earth's rotation to determine the most southern point. It is usually said that the Antarctic region geographically, there is a fixed position. In accordance with the internationally accepted concept, 66.5 degrees south latitude (the Antarctic Circle) south of the region known as the Antarctic, which is the Southern Ocean and the Antarctic continent and the islands collectively, with a total area of about 65 million square kilometres.南极是根据地球旋转方式决定的最南点。它通常表示地理上的南极区域，有一个固定的位置。 按照国际上通行的概念，南纬66.5度(南极圈)以南的地区称为南极，它是南大洋及其岛屿和南极大陆的总称，总面积约6500万平方千米。Antarctic continent except Antarctica is outside the surrounding islands of land, is the world's latest discovery of the continent, alone at the southernmost tip of the Earth. Antarctica more than 95 percent of the area of high thickness of the ice and snow coverage, known as the "white continent," said. 6 in the world in the mainland, the mainland Antarctica than Australia, ranked No. 5. Antarctica and Australia mainland is the world's only ocean surrounded by two mainland, surrounded by the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian Ocean, forming a huge water around the Earth laps, was completely closed state (see Southern Ocean), is a far from the other continents, completely cut off from the civilized world and the mainland, has not yet permanent residents, only a small number of scientific investigation personnel rotation in a small number of inspection stations temporary residence and work.南极大陆是指南极洲除周围岛屿以外的陆地，是世界上发现最晚的大陆，它孤独地位于地球的最南端。南极大陆95％以上的面积为厚度极高的冰雪所覆盖，素有“白色大陆”之称。在全球6块大陆中，南极大陆大于澳大利亚大陆，排名第5。南极大陆和澳大利亚大陆是世界上仅有的被海洋包围的2块大陆，其四周有太平洋、大西洋、印度洋，形成一个围绕地球的巨大水圈，呈完全封闭状态(参看南极洋)，是一块远离其他大陆、与文明世界完全隔绝的大陆，至今仍然没有常住居民，只有少量的科学考察人员轮流在为数不多的考察站临时居住和工作。

South Pole南极Antarctic Circle南极圈

Antarctica Profile Antarctica, located around the South Pole spot for the snow-covered continent, spread around the island. Antarctica area, including Antarctica and the island with a total area of about 14 million square kilometres, representing 10% of the world land area, with the United States and Mexico and the considerable size is 1.45 times of China's land area is twice the land area of Australia for the five continents of the world. More turmoil surrounding Antarctica around the Southern Ocean and the ice Yi to the Atlantic, the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean extension, an area of about 38 million square kilometres, in order to facilitate research, known as the five oceans of the world. Antarctica from South America recently, only 970 km across the middle Derek Strait. Australian distance of about 3500 km; Distance of about 4000 km in Africa; And the distance of about 12,000 km Beijing, China. Antarctica is separated from the mainland Gangwana dissolution by, the continent is the highest in the world, the average altitude of 2,350 metres. Trans-Antarctic Mountains will be divided into East and West Antarctica 2. These two parts are considerable differences in geography and geology. East Antarctica Is a very old continent, according to projections scientists have several hundred million years of history. It is located close to the center point from any point near the coast to be very far distance. East Antarctica an average altitude of 2,500 metres, the largest high 4,800 metres. In East Antarctica is the largest active volcanoes of Antarctica, which is located in the Romanian Island Ailiposi volcano, altitude 3795 metres, there are four flame-throwing mouth. West Antarctica Only half the size of the area of East Antarctica is a islands, some islands in the sea level. But all the islands are covered by the ice sheet. More ancient part (a package including Mali. Bird in the South, to Aiersiwosai, Ross ice shelf and flown to Queen's) a granite and sedimentary rock formed by the cordillera. The cordillera extending southward to the Antarctic Peninsula north prominent Central. In the northern West Antarctica, the higher part of the Tertiary period of geological time period caused by the volcanic movement. Antarctica's highest office -- Vinson Mountain (5140 m) in West Antarctica. Glaciers in the Antarctic plateau than Demoer larger glaciers in Antarctica. Covers with French considerable Ross ice shelf, the most southern Ross Sea for the line. At the other side of the wai Deerhai, is another deeply inland, and the Filchner ice shelves in the deep end of the Gulf. Filchner ice shelf extending southward, and at a higher altitude polar plateau front of the Ross ice shelf convergence. Antarctica are many freshwater ponds and lakes, the most famous Tang Juan pool is the high water salinity, water salinity per litre up to 270 grams, even in -70 degrees, the lake water nor ice. There is also a surface ice of Antarctica, the high salt lake bottom heat, such as the more famous Wanda Lake and Bonnie Lake. This lake, the surface bear a 2?3 metres thick ice, ice, water algae, plankton little, the water salinity with the increase in depth. Bottom water salinity can often be 10 times higher than seawater. Water temperature rise gradually increasing depth in the annual average temperature of -20 degrees to the environment, nutrition temperature can be as high as 25 degrees. Antarctica's climate is usually more of the same latitude as cold Arctic region is the world's most cold areas. In the seaside, does not like the higher inland areas so cold. In the International Geophysical Year, scientists detected in the coastal areas most Lengyue average temperature is -18 degrees centigrade, while in the South Pole spot with an average temperature of -62 degrees. July 31, 1983, the Soviet scholars in the East Point recorded -89.2 degrees cryogenic, is the world recorded the lowest recorded in the natural temperature. Antarctica wind, vary. Generally, the strongest winds near the coast, the average wind speed for 17-18 米/秒. East Antarctica to the graciousness than along the coast to Adaili in the strongest wind, wind speed can reach 40- 50 米/秒. According to Australian statistics Mosen station 20 years, the annual eight grade, blustery day to day there were 300, 1972, the maximum wind speed observed Mosen station for 82 米/秒. France Diweier station had observed 100 米/秒 hurricane wind speed, wind power equivalent to three times the 12 typhoon, which is so far the largest in the world record wind speed. Antarctica is the most arid continent on Earth, the average annual precipitation only 30- 50 mm, the more to the mainland, the less precipitation, the South Pole spot near only three millimetres. Precipitation is more local coastal areas, the average annual precipitation is 200-500 mm, and South Islands, located in the Blue area precipitation more. Antarctica precipitation almost all snow. Antarctica has rich reserves of mineral resources, has now found a 220 types, including coal, iron, copper, lead, zinc, aluminium, gold, silver, graphite, diamonds and oil. It has important strategic value thorium, plutonium and uranium, and other rare minerals. According to the scientists estimated that in Ross Sea and Weddell Sea and other high Jinhai Lins of 150 million barrels of oil reserves and three trillion cubic metres of natural gas. Antarctica contains coal reserves of about 500 billion tons. To the south of Victoria in East Antarctica is extremely rich coal reserves, coal field area of 250,000 square kilometers Lane. In Antarctica rock or steep slopes, the plant is only found in plants such as a minimum, they face the Northern Dynasties of solar growth. Biological scientists in mainland China and around the periphery of the island, has found that about 400 different moss plants. Most warmth in Antarctica, located in the South outside the Blue Islands and the Antarctic Peninsula north, and found two pink flowering plants. Pond in the summer thaw, also found 200 species of freshwater algae. Also species grow on the snowfield. Antarctic animals mainly whales, seals and Penguin. Zhou Circuit from their land to the water supply of food. During the 1950s, whaling in Antarctic waters had reached around 70% of the volume of the world whaling. Catch the biggest blue whale, length 37.8 metres, currently known as the world's largest animals. Antarctic waters luxurious skins production of seals were killed, the existing six seals. Penguin living in the Antarctic region has four, namely Timor Penguin, el Penguin, Penguin and caps with gold, Penguin. Most sub-cloth cap with Penguin in the Antarctic Peninsula. Timor Penguin largest size, about 122 cm high, weighed 41 kilograms; Mohammed Penguin Antarctica is the most common birds, about 48 cm high and weighing about five kilograms. Antarctica also many other types of birds on the island, including the Show, albatrosses, sea gull, gull and tern call. There are a number of Antarctica not flying insects. South Pole spot in the 483 km found the little pink growth. One of the features of Antarctic Marine plankton rich as crustaceans, which have seen the potential 10 million tons to 50 million tons. Some scientists believe that if the annual catch l million tons to 150 million tons, this will not affect the ecological balance of the Southern Ocean. 98% of Antarctica is covered by snow. After years of surveying the scientists calculated the total volume of the Antarctic ice sheet 28 million cubic kilometres, the average thickness of 2,000 metres, the largest thickness of 4,800 metres. Most thick ice in East Antarctica Australian Casey Station in the east of 510. Antarctica was snow-covered with perennial make Antarctica, particularly in East Antarctica an arched-shaped plateau, with an average height of 2,350 meters, becoming the highest continent on Earth, including the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, more than the average height of the Asian continent to be 2.5 times higher. However Excluding this great ice sheet, Antarctica average only 410 metres high, than the average height of land on Earth as a whole much lower. Antarctica's ice and snow is the world's largest freshwater pool, 90% of the global snow storage here, representing 72% of the entire Earth's surface freshwater reserves. There are a large number of glaciers in Antarctica. The 兰伯特 glacier is the largest glacier world community, this glacier filling in a 400 km, 64 km wide, the greatest depth of 2,500 metres off the ground huge valley. It to the current annual average flow of 350 m Note features, a Fellow ice shelf. Luyuan ranging from the size of the Antarctic ice shelf is about 300. Ross ice shelf and West Antarctica which Weideer Gulf Filchner ice shelf is the world's most famous ice shelf. Ross ice shelf area of about 540,000 square kilometres, Phil Saudi ice shelf area of about 400,000 square kilometres. Antarctic ice barrier around with more than 10 blocks. Ross ice shelf in the maritime Ross ice barrier 900 kilometres. 50 meters higher than the average sea is the largest one in Antarctica ice barrier. According to experts measured. Ice barrier in constant movement, the front-end general Roth ice barrier 3 metres daily movement, the fastest of four metres. Antarctica's Queen Maud in Edaili to the controls and to the sea over more than 100 km and width of 50 km, high 20?30 metres. Because sea ice extends from the coast to the ocean and Antarctica area winter and summer vary considerably. Scientists measured in Greenwich meridian, Antarctica's summer 3600 km in diameter, and up to 5,400 km of winter. 这个网页本身是中文的，我是通过GOOGLE翻译的网页，还有，文章中有几个“米/秒”和一个“兰伯特”没有翻译。