高中英语教学用语

中学英语教师资格证试讲常用课堂用语 一、打招呼（Greetings）、导入环节 老师学会主动与学生打招呼，是老师了解学生的方式之一。也是拉近师生关系的基本交流方式。这样的交流方式，容易增添学生对老师的好感，让学生愿意敞开心扉和老师交流。A good beginning makes a good ending. 一个好的开端能够为老师教学奠定良好的基础。 参考用语： Good morning/afternoon, class./boys and girls. It's so nice/I'm so happy to see you again. Good , you look great/ wonderful today. How's it going？ How are you (today)? You look so happy, any good news? It’s time for class. OK, class/ boys and girls , are you ready to have class/begin? Let’s begin/begin our lesson. Stand up, please! Are you all well this morning? Well, did you have a good weekend? Did you enjoy the holiday? Well, what did you do yesterday evening? Tell me what you did at the weekend? 二、指示 /课堂教学（Direction/Teaching） 在组织课堂教学时，教师使用的指示语和演示语要避免过长和含糊不清，要力求简洁、清晰并且和蔼、可亲，避免过于生硬。例如： Now class/ boys and class, class begins. Today, we're going to learn … Now, open your books, please. Turn to page ... Now, class/ boys and girls/ children, please look at the blackboard/picture/your books/ page five. Please read the … together. One, two, three, go! Now, let's sing the song… together. Now, let's enjoy the song from the tape. Well, let's go on. Please look at page … This time, you do it one by one. Now, listen to the tape. Now, listen to me, please. Now, I'll read the …, please follow me. Now class/ boys and girls/ children , read after me/ the tape. Follow me, please. Just follow me, class . Yes, please. (To answer “ Let me try or let me answer the question ”) Please show me how well you can do/ read it. Speak louder, please． Once again, but louder, please． Again, Slowly． One more time． Come to the front, please. / … please come to the front . Thank you. Thank you. Please go back to your seat. Thank you. You can go back now. It's your turn, Sue. OK, class/ boys and girls/ children , please stand up. Please sit down. Please do it now. OK, go! Please work in pairs/ in groups/ individually/ by yourselves. Now, class/ boys and girls/ children, write/put the Chinese/English under/next to each word/picture. Now, let's do the exercise. Now, class/ boys and girls/ children, find a partner and role-play the conversation. Work with your partner and answer the questions. OK, class/ boys and girls/ children, time is up. Please stop working/ talking now. Please stop here. Now, break time. Let's have/ take a break. Good class/ boys and girls/ children, be quite, please. Now class/ boys and girls/ children, here's your homework. Please do … and … Don't forget your homework. It's … on page …, …on page… Just listen, Don't repeat． Listen with your books closed． Listen carefully and do what I say． Listen to my question first． Say it with me． How do you spell "flower"? Look at the picture and tell me what you see． What do you call this in English? What does ... mean? What's the opposite of "happy"? Read it silently． Let's do a role play． Who wants to be Mr. Green? Do you want to be Mary or Mark? Let's read the text aloud． Write it on the blackboard． Copy the new words． Take out a piece of paper, please． Take out your book(s)． One card for each group． Can you share with Jack, please? You may look at your book this time． Has everybody got a copy? Can you find the right page? Do you know where we are? Turn back to page 21． Do you understand? Do you know what to do? Any questions/ problems? Is everything clear? Are there any questions? 三、组织课堂活动（Organizing classroom activities） Now, let's play a game． Today, we are going to play a new game． This time, we're going to do a guessing/ counting/ spelling game． Let's act out our play! Let's sing a song． First, let's just listen to the tune． Sing along with the tape． Do it yourself． Work on your own． Find a friend / partner． Work (together) with your friend/ partner． Work in pairs． Do it in pairs． You two work together． Henry, turn around and work with Mary． Has everybody got a partner? Get together in groups． Work in groups． Work in groups of four． Let's do some group work． Let's make two teams． Now, I'm going to divide you into three groups． Let's start/ begin! One, two, three, go! Ready? Go! You have two minutes． Finish it in one minute． One more minute． Let's do it all together． Whose turn is it? Let's move to the next one． Who hasn't got a chance? Finished? Let's stop here． It's time to stop． Time's up． Any volunteers? Anyone else? Does anyone know the answer? Could somebody tell me the answer? Who'd like to try first? Who wants to be the teacher? Who can tell me the answer? Who wants to go first? Could you come to the front? 四、反馈语（The feedback language） 反馈语是课堂教学活动的重要组成部分，是教师评价和评估学生课堂表现的重要手段，也是推动教学活动进展的有效方法。对学生英语学习的评价现在提倡多种方式和多元化。这其中反馈语是教师对学生课堂表现的一种评价方式。教师要注意树立评价意识。不仅要对学生课堂上的学习表现给予评价，对学生情感、态度的表现都应通过评价给予鼓励，达到激励学生的目的。 在使用语言行为评价时教师要注意语气和目光的注视，使学生对老师的表扬和肯定感到真切。 反馈语可分为肯定式评语、参与式评语和启发式纠错。 （1）肯定式评语 教师在使用肯定式评语对学生的课堂表现进行肯定和表扬时，一定要让学生感到老师是在由衷地夸奖他。要避免敷衍和流于形式。不要滥用‘Good’。有的老师过多地单一使用 ‘Good’ 评价学生的表现，很难使学生从中受到激励，激发学习的积极性。 参考用语： Not bad. Thank you. (I'm sure you can do better next time.) Good！Thank you. (I could see you've practiced a lot.) Good boy/ girl . That's a good answer. Thank you. Quite good! (I really appreciate your effort.) Very good！(I really enjoy it.) Great! (You did a good job.) Excellent! (Let's give him/her a big hand!) Wonderful！(I'm so proud of you.) Well done! (Good boy/girl.) Your answer is very good! (I admire your work.) Nice going! (You make a great progress.) 对学生有创意的、创新的思维火花及灵感，发言中的闪光点的肯定，可以使用以下的用语： What a bright idea! Thank you. That's a great answer. （I really like it.） You did a good job! (We're so proud of you!) Good point! (I really enjoy it.) Good job! （I'm very pleased with your work.） Smart! (What an adorable baby!) Perfect! （You're very professional.） You are such a smart boy/girl! You got sharp eyes/ears. I couldn't believe my ears！ Brilliant! Terrific! Excellent! Amazing! Fantastic! Marvelous! You've done it much better this time． You've made a lot of progress． You've progressed a lot． You've improved a lot． I hope you will do better next time． Take it easy． Don't worry, It doesn't matter． Don't be shy． Don't be afraid of making mistakes． That's OK, No one is perfect． Take a guess if you don't know． You can do it． Come on! Have a try. Take your time, Try it one more time. （2）参与式评语 在采用学生之间互相评价的手段时，教师要注意不要拿学生跟别人比，要拿学生同他自己比。教师可以说：同学们说某某同学说得好不好呀？进步大不大呀？ 在让学生参加评价时可以使用疑问和反意疑问句： Is it good? Isn't it a good answer? Do you like his/her answer/reading? Did he/she do a good job? That's a fantastic answer, isn't it？ He/she did an excellent job, didn't he/she? (3) 启发式纠错 当学生犯错误时，教师要避免使用否定的评价语言，要给他们可能获得成功的机会，鼓励他们，保护他们的学习积极性。 如： That's very close. Go on! It's almost right. Try again, please. Come on! Think it over. I'm sure you can do it. I'm sure you can do it if you really try. (See? You did it really well.) Sorry, I'm sure you can do it better next time. I'm sorry. Would you like a second try? /Would you like to try again? Not bad. Go on, please. Come on, It's very close. It doesn't matter. I'm sure you can do it better next time. （4）非语言评价及策略 非语言评价—既运用手势，表情（眼神、面容、微笑）及其他肢体动作语言（body language） 来对学生的学习进行的评价。在使用语言行为评价方式的同时注意非语言评价方式的使用可以加强评价效果。 方式和策略： ① 微笑加语言。 ② 用力点头---是一种肯定。 ③ 惊讶的表情 + 可表示赞赏。 ④ 竖起大拇指，可表示一种高度的赞赏。增强自信心，获得成就感。 ⑤鼓掌---当学生任务完成得出色时，教师可鼓掌表示赞扬。也可以号召学生一起鼓掌。掌声可以使人产生成就感，增强自信心。 五、课堂结束语（Saying goodbye） 课堂教学结束时教师需向学生宣布，并向学生道别。 OK, class/ boys and girls， that's all for today. I'll see you next time. Let's call it a day today. I'll see you the day after tomorrow. Alright class/ boys and girls/ children. We'll stop here today. We'll end up the class now. Class is over. Have a good weekend! Have a nice day/ weekend/ vacation! Wish you a good weekend.

As far I'm concerned, 就我所考虑的……In the one hand, in the other hand 一方面 另一方面As we all know 众说周知Is goes without saying that 毫无疑问的是……Just as a coin has tow sides, 正如一个硬币有两面，……写作文也有用，

英语基本句式小结 英语中的句式有很多种，从英语的句子结构上说，总体可以归纳为五个基本句式。一般地说，某些动词用在某一特定句式中。那么，哪些动词常用于哪些句式，我们把这些句型和常用的动词进行归类，每一大类都分出详细的条目，同学们可以在理解记忆各大类的基础上记忆相关动词，并继续归纳总结。 1.S（主）+ Vi（不及物动词）（谓） 1）S + V + adverbial（状语） Birds sing beautifully. 2）S + Vi+ prep Phrase（介词短语） He went on holiday. 3）S + Vi+ Infinitive （不定式） We stopped to have a rest. 4）S + Vi+ Participle （分词） I’ll go swimming 2. S （主）+ Vt （及物动词）（谓）+ O（宾） 1） S + VT + N/Pron I like music. 2） S + VT + infinitive（不定式） I want to help him. 常用于这句型的动词有：attempt，dare，decide，desire，expect，hope，learn，need，offer，refuse，want，wish等。 3） S + VT + Wh-Word + Infinitive I don’t know what to do. 常用于这句型的动词有：ask，consider，decide，discover，explain，find out，forget，guess，know，learn，observe，remember，see，settle，tell，think，understand，wonder等。 4） S + VT + Gerund I enjoy living here. 常用于这句型的动词有：admit，advise，avoid，consider，defend，enjoy，excuse，finish，mind，miss，practise，risk，suggest，give up，can't help等。 5） S + VT + That-clause I don’t think （that） he is right. 常用于这句型的动词有：Admit，believe，declare，demand，deny，doubt，expect，explain，feel（觉得），hear（听说），hope，imagine，intend，know，mean，mind（当心），notice，request，report，say，see（看出），show，suggest，suppose，think，understand，wish，wonder（觉得奇怪）。 3. S （主）+ V（谓）（lv）（ 系动词）+ P（表） 1）S + Lv + N/Pron（名词/代词） He is a boy. 2）S + Lv + Adj（形容词） She is beautiful. 3）S + Lv + Adv （副词） Class is over. 4）S + Lv + Prep Phrase He is in good health. 5）S + Lv + Participle（分词） The film is interesting. 除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词： 表感官的动词，feel，smell，taste，sound，look，appear，seem 等。表转变变化的动词，become，get，grow，turn，go，等。表延续的动词 remain，keep，seem，hold，stay，rest等。表瞬时的动词 come，fall，set，cut，occur等。其他动词 eat，lie，prove，ring，run，shine，sit，stand，continue，hang等。英语的基本句型主要有五种，它们是：1、主语———动词———表语2、主语———动词3、主语———动词———宾语4、主语———动词———宾语———宾语5、主语———动词———宾语———补语掌握好这些基本句型，就可以为灵活运用语言打下良好的基础。下面分别讲解这五种句型。一、主语---动词----表语在这一句型中，动词是系动词，划线部分为表语。1.Mr.Brown is an engineer.(名词做表语)2.Gradualy he became silent.(形容词做表语)3.She remained standing for a hour.(现在分词做表语)4.The question remained unsolved.(过去分词做表语)5.The machine is out of order.(介词短语做表语)6.The television was on.(副词做表语)7.His plan is to keep the affair secret.(动词不定式做表语)8.My job is repairing cars.(动名词做表语)9.The question is what you want to do.(从句做表语，即：表语从句)注意：在下面的句子中，形容词做表语，在表语的后面常常接不定式结构。I'm happy to meet you.They are willing to help.We are determined to follow his example.二、主语———动词在这一句型中，动词为不及物动词及不及物的动词词组。在有的句子中，不及物动词可以有状语修饰。1.The sun is rising.2.I'll try.3.Did you sleep well？(well做状语，修饰不及物动词sleep)4.The engine broke down.注意：在此句型中，有少数不及物动词表达被动含义，表达主语本身所具有的特性，不用被动语态。1.The book sells wel.2.The window won't shut.3.The pen writes smoothly.4.Cheese cuts easily.三、主语———动词———宾语在此句型中，动词为及物动词，划线部分为宾语。1.Do you know these people(them)？(名词或代词做宾语)2.I can't express myself in English.(反身代词做宾语)3.He smiled a strange smile.(同源宾语)4.We can't afford to pay such a price.(不定式做宾语)5.Would you mind waiting a few minutes？(动名词做宾语)6.I hope that I have said nothing to pain you.(从句做宾语，即：宾语从句)注意：并不是所有的及物动词都可以接上述各种情况做宾语，不同的动词有不同的用法，所以，在学习动词时，一定要掌握其用法。四、主语———动词———宾语———宾语在此句型中，动词可以称作双宾语动词，在英语中，这样的动词并不多，在学习遇时，要牢记。后面的宾语为间接宾语和直接宾语，其中间接宾语在前，一般表人，直接宾语在后，一般表物。这类句型有三种情况。第一种情况，间接宾语可以改为to引导的短语。1.He handed me a letter.He handed a letter to me.2.She gave me her telephone number.She gave her telephone number to me.第二种情况，间接宾语可以改为for引导的短语。3.She sang us a folk song.She sang a folk for us.4.She cooked us a delicious meal.She cooked a delicious meal for us.第三种情况，直接宾语可以由宾语从句充当。5.Tell him I'm out.6.Can you inform me where Miss Green lives？五、主语———动词———宾语———宾语补足语在此句型中的动词，叫做可以跟复合宾语的动词，在英语中，这样的动词也不多。后面的宾语补足语是说明宾语的情况的，宾语和宾语补足语一起被称做复合宾语。这个句式是英语中比较复杂的一个句式，因为复合宾语的构成内容较多。下面句子中划线部分为宾语补足语。1.He found his new job boring.(形容词做宾补)2.The called their daughter Mary.(名词做宾补)3.This placed her in a very difficult position.(介词短语做宾补)4.We went to here house but found her out.(副词做宾补)5.What do you advise me to do？(不定式做宾补)6.We thought him to be an honest man.(tobe做宾补)7.He believed them to have discussed the problem.(不定式的完成式做宾补)8.He believed her to be telling the truth.(不定式的进行式做宾补)9.Did you notice him come in？(不带to的不定式做宾补)10.I saw her chatting with Nancy.(现在分词做宾补)11.He watched the piano carried upstairs.(过去分词做宾补)注意：在这个结构中，可以出现用it做形式上的宾语，把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语的后面。在此结构中，宾语常常是动词不定式或宾语从句。1.He felt it his duty to mention this to her.分析：it是形式宾语，hisduty是宾语补足语，to mention this to her是真正的宾语。2.I think it best that you should stay with us.分析：it是形式宾语，best是宾语补足语，that you should stay with us是真正的宾语。注意：1.习惯用语的使用在英语中，有很多动词习惯用语，在学习的过程中，要注意它们的使用，不必分析单独每个词的使用。例：We are short of money.(be short of中short做表语)She is always making trouble for her friends.(trouble做make的宾语)He has carried out our instructions to the letter.(our instructions做词组carry out的宾语)We are waiting for the rain to stop.(wait for后面的the rain是宾语，to stop是宾语补足语)2.在英语中，大多数动词既可以做及物动词又可以做不及物动词，而且还会有一些固定词组，因此一个动词可以用于几种句型。例：ask①Did you ask the price？(直接接名词做宾语)②She asked them their names.(接双宾语)③I asked James to buy some bread.(接宾语加不定式做宾语补足语)④I asked to speak to Fred.(接不定式做宾语)⑤Didn't you ask him in？(在此句中和副词in连用)⑥He has asked for an interview with the President.(组成固定词组ask for)3.There be句型是一种特殊的句子，真正的主语在后面，含义为“有…”①谓语动词和主语保持一致：There is a television in the sitting room.②有两个或更多的主语时，动词一般和最近的一个保持一致：There are two girls and a boy dancing in the hall.③主语的后面有时有修饰语：There are a lot of difficulties facing us.There were many things to be done(此处也可以使用to do).④谓语动词be可以有时态的变化:There will be a concert in the park tonight.There was little change in him.⑤谓语也可以有不定式构成的复合谓语。There used to be a cinema here.There seems to be something the matter with her.Is there going to be any activity tonight？⑥there be句式变疑问句，把be提前；变翻译疑问句也要借助there。Is there any hope of getting the job？There is nothing wrong with your watch，is there？⑦there be句型中也可以使用诸如：live，follow，come，stand，sit，exist等不及物动词：Once upon a time，there lived a fisherman on the island.There came a knock at the door.At the top of the hill there stands an old temple.⑧用于非谓语的情况下，有时用不定式的复合结构there to be或动名词的复合结构和独立主格结构there being：You wouldn't want there to be another war.(不定式的复合结构)The teacher was satisfied with there being no mistakes in his homework.(动名词的复合结构)There being nothing else to do，we went home.(独立主格结构) ----------------------北大的人为您服务