豌豆大晟
Unit 7Section A. A Rose IS a RosePart II, p. 1891. “Red roses say ‘I love you’,” says Gerald Hager.2. They help those people save money.3. Some are dressed in work clothes, and some in expensive suits and overcoats.4. By holding prices down through controlling every link in the rose chain.5. Because of severe foreign competition.6. The trend is that imported roses are sold across the entire breadth of the industry, from big flower shops to street-corner stands.7. They are trying to work with their overseas rivals instead of fighting them.8. A recent frost killed 25% of Colombia’s rose crop and consequently U.S. rose growers had the good luck to make a lot more money on this Valentine’s Day as there was less competition from overseas rivals.Part Ⅲ, p. 1891. circulates2. distributes3. released4. margin5. launched6. discount7. chased8. bankrupt. Part Ⅳ, p. 1901. go out of style 2. Opinions ranged from … to 3. have left over4. hold down5. go down6. looks like raining7. offered to8. nothing butPart Ⅴ, p. 1901. power2. excitement3. heat4. jobs5. profits6. energy7. electricity8. productionPart VI, p. 1911. seaward: going towards the sea2. backward: directed towards the back, the beginning, or the past; returning; behind in development3. earthward: towards the earth4. outward: towards the outside; away; of the outside, appearing to be true but perhaps not really true5. southward: going towards the south6. upward: going up; increasing, getting higher7. homeward: going towards home8. inward: moving towards the inside; (placed) on the inside; of the mind or spirit Part VII, p. 1911. interchangeable2. intermingle3. interconnected4. interdependent5. interplay6. intermarriage7. interpersonal8. interactive.Part VIII, p. 1921. looked as if she had been through some terrible famine 2. as if it was his birthday 3. as if she knew me 4. as if they spent a fortune 5. as if I were mad Part Ⅸ, p. 1921. I passed him a large glass of whisky, which he drank immediately.2. Last year, some farmers in the village raised chickens and ducks, which grew very well. 3. Yesterday Tom went to a birthday party, which was held by Lucy’s parents for Lucy’s 15th birthday.4. The whole evening Amy was talking about her latest book, of which none of the people present had ever heard.5. The small man in the raincoat, whom nobody recognized, turned out to be Olivia’s first husband. Part Ⅹ, p. 1921. Valentine’s day is the biggest day for the nation’s rose industry, as on this day the rose retailers will sell more than one million roses.2. As for traditional flower shops, selling roses is no longer such a beautiful experience as before, because intense market competition has chased them almost out of business.3. While discount rose retailers watch their business bloom, U.S. rose growers are going bankrupt as large amounts of foreign roses get into American markets. 4. As the imported roses account for 57% of the total American markets, the profit margin of the domestic rose growers has dropped substantially.5. Some smart domestic rose growers have begun to work with the overseas rivals, instead of fighting them. 6. They are going to widen their business range through providing various kinds of service and becoming a representative for overseas flower producers.7. Holding a bundle of roses in his hand, the young man walked into the office and put it on the desk of Lily, the girl he had long been in love with.8. All the people in the office craned their necks to see this handsome young man and were eager to know the love story between the boy and the girl.Part XI, p. 1931. 红玫瑰将永远是最流行的花儿,因为爱情永不过时。2. 有些顾客说,上乘的玫瑰让他们看上去象是花了大价钱。3. 如果我们能用35美元,而不是65美元,就使别人的一天充满光彩,那他们就可以省下足够的钱去买糖果和吃晚餐了。4. 该公司成功的诀窍是控制好玫瑰销售的每一个环节,以降低价格。5. 就在折价玫瑰花店生意兴隆的同时,美国的玫瑰种植商却在残酷的外来竞争中濒临破产。6. 进口玫瑰遍及该行业的各个角落,从大花店到街头小摊都有出售。7. 大量的进口玫瑰已经挤垮了国内一些种植商。8. 所有这些变化使得玫瑰行业的一些人很怀念过去的好日子,那时附近的花店每个情人节都会安排送花。Section B. The ChunnelXVI. 1. by land2. excluded from3. later than the planned time4. emotional attachment to5. defeat6. stimulating Mitterrand to joke7. the people from the company8. pessimisticPart XVII, p. 2071. conquered2. equivalent3. excluded4. bore5. accused6. punctual7. creeping8. approximatePart XVIII, p. 2071. As soon as he entered the office, the director asked his secretary if the general manager’s train was behind schedule2. Women are excluded from the temple.3. North Atlantic Treaty Organization is NATO for short.4. He has a lot in common with his sister Kate.5. The use of typewriters in offices is dying out.6. The building where my department is located goes back to the 19th century.7. By far the most important issue for them is unemployment.8. Given his poor health, he’s done a good job.
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自己的房间弗吉利亚·伍尔夫 1928奉,弗吉利亚·伍尔夫(1882—1941)在剑桥大学做了关于女性和小说的系列讲座,提出的观点成了后来里程碑式作品《自己的房间》的基础。下面的选文里,伍尔夫寻找文艺复兴时期有关英国女性的信息。假设莎士比亚有个妹妹叫朱迪亚,描述她在伊丽莎白时期英国的不幸处境。 于是,我来到陈列历史书籍的书架前,取下最新出版的一本书,特里维廉教授所著的《英国史》。我再一次查找“女性”找到了“其地位”,然后再翻到标明的页数。“打老婆,”我读到,“是男人得到认可 的权力,上等人亦或下等人皆可以堂堂正正地进行……同样,”历史学家继续说道,“女儿拒绝嫁给父母选定的男人,就可能被关起来,在房间里挨揍,不会引起公众舆论稍稍的震惊。婚姻不和个人情感相关,而和家族对财富的贪婪相关,在“有骑士风度”的上流社会尤其是这样……定婚往往是其中之一或两个人都还在襁褓之中时操办,而结婚通常在他们尚未脱离保姆照看时就进行了。“这大约是在1470年,离乔叟的时代很近。再次提到女性的地位大约是在两百年之后,即斯图亚特时期。”中上层社会的女性依然不能够选择自己的丈夫,一旦丈夫被指定,丈夫就是君主和主宰,至少法律和习俗可以让他如此。即便这样,·特里维廉下结论说,“莎士比亚笔下的女人和17世纪那些可信的传记中的女人一样,……,不缺乏个性和特点。……的确,如果女性除了在男性写的小说之外就不存在,人们就会把她想象成极为重要的人物;变化多端;既崇高又卑鄙;既光彩照人又邋遢贪婪,既美丽绝伦又丑恶至极;如男人一般伟大,有人甚至认为比男人更伟大。但这只是虚构作品中的女性。实际上,正如特里维廉教授指出的,她被关了起来,在房间里被拳打脚踢。 一种非常独特而复杂的生物就这样出现了。在想象中,她无比重要;而实际上,她根本无足轻重。她遍布于诗歌的扉页;她无处不在,但就是不在历史中露面。她在小说中控制着国王和征服者的生活;而实际上,只要他的父母强行把戒指戴到她的手指上,她就是任何一个男孩子的奴隶。文学中一些最具灵感的言辞、最深刻的思想由她的唇中吐出;而在真实生活中,她几乎不识字,几乎不能拼写,而且是她丈夫的财产。 先读历史学家的书,再读诗人的书,人们构想出来的肯定是一种奇特的怪物——一只长着鹰一样翅膀的小虫;在厨房里剁着板油的生命与美的精灵。但是这些怪物,无论想起来多么可笑,实际上并不存在。要让她栩栩如生,必须得同时诗意而又实际地思考,从而既联系实际——她是马丁太太,36岁,身穿蓝色衣服,头戴黑帽子,脚穿棕色鞋子;又不忘虚构——她是一个容器,各种各样的精神和力量不停地在其中追逐闪烁。不过,一旦人们试图在伊丽莎白时期女性身上用这种方法,就无法得到某种启示;由于缺乏事实而无法进行下去。关于她,人们不知道任何细节、任何确实和实质性的事情。历史难得提及她。……偶尔也提及某位女性,某位伊丽莎白,或者某位玛丽;某位女王或者某位了不起的夫人。然而,中产阶级的女性除了脑力和品德之外不能支配任何东西,她们绝没有可能参加任何一场伟大的运动,而那些运动汇集起来,就构成了历史学家对于过去的见解。我们也不会在任何轶事集中寻觅到她。奥布里几乎没有提到她。她从来不描写自己的生活,也几乎不记日记;现存的只有她的几封书信。她没有留下任何可供我们对她作出判断的戏剧或诗歌。我想,人们所需要的是大量的信息(为什么纽纳姆学院或格顿学院就没有某个才华横溢的学生提供这样的信息呢):她在多大年纪结婚;一般说来有几个孩子;她的房子是什么样的;有没有自己的房间;她烧饭做菜吗;她有仆人吗?所有这些事实都在某个地方,或许在教区的记事册和帐本上;伊丽莎白时期普通女性的传记必定散落在某处,倘若有人能把它收集起来,就可以写成一本书。在书架上查找那些不在架上的书时,我想,向名牌大学的学生建议重写历史,这未免期望过高,超出我的胆量。尽管我承认这要求常常显得有点古怪,不切实际,有失偏颇,但是为什么他们不能为历史稍做补遗?当然,这补遗得用不引人注目的名称,让女性可以名正言顺地出现在其中,他们为何不这样做?人们常常在伟人的传记中瞥见她们,一闪而过地消失在背景中,有时我想,藏起来的是一个眼色,一声大笑,或许还有一滴眼泪。……我发现可悲的是,我们竟然对18世纪以前女性的情况一无所知。在我脑海中没有一种这样或那样可供我反复思考的例子。在此我想问一问为什么在伊丽莎白时期没有女性写诗,而且我不大清楚她们是如何受的教育;她们是否学过写字;是否有自己的起居室;有多少女性在21岁之前就有了孩子;筒而言之,她们早上八点到晚上八点到底做了些什么。显然她们没有钱;据特里维廉教授说,不管愿意不愿意,她们还未走出儿童房就嫁人了,很可能是在十五、六岁时结的婚。仅凭这,我就断定,倘若她们之中有人突然写出了莎士比亚的戏剧,那倒真是咄咄怪事。我又想起一位老绅士,他已经过世了,我想他曾经做过主教,他宣称任何女性,无论是在过去、现在还是将来,都不会具备莎士比亚的天才。他曾就此问题向报纸撰过稿。他还对一位向他咨询的夫人说,猫实际上进不了天堂,他又补充道,尽管它们也算有某种灵魂。这些老绅士们花了多少心思来拯救人们啊!用他们的方式,无知的边界是怎样地退缩了啊!猫进不了天堂。女性写不出莎士比亚的戏剧。 不管怎样,在翻阅架上的莎士比亚著作的时候,我还是不由自主地想到,这位主教至少在这点上是对的:让莎士比亚时期的任何女性写出莎士比亚的戏剧,是不可能的,完完全全不可能的。让我想象一下吧,既然如此地难以得到事情真相,如果莎士比亚有一个天赋惊人的妹妹,就让我们称她为朱迪斯吧,那会发生什么样的事呢}莎士比亚本人,很有可能去上了文法学校(他的母亲是位女继承人呢),在学校里他可能学了拉丁文——读过奥维德、维吉尔和贺拉斯,还学习过语法和逻辑的基础知识。众所周知,他是个野性难驯的孩子,偷打过兔子,或许还射过鹿,而且,不得不过于仓促地娶了街坊的一名女子,不到十个月她就为他生了个娃娃。这种越轨行为迫使他到伦敦去撞运气。似乎,他对戏剧很感兴趣;一开始,他在剧场门口给人牵马。很快,他就在剧院里得到工作,成为一名有成就的演员,生活在宇宙的中心,和各种各样的人打交道,什么样的人都认识,在舞台上实践着他的艺术,在街道上施展着他的机智,甚至得以出入女王宫殿。而同时,我们不妨推想一下,他那有非凡天赋的妹妹却留在了家里。她和他一样乐于冒险、想象力丰富、一样渴望着见识世界。但是却没有送她去上学。她没有机会学习语法和逻辑,更不用说阅读贺拉斯和维吉尔了。她偶尔拣着一本书,可能是她哥哥的,就读上几页。但接着她的父母进来了,叫她去补袜子,要么去看着炖肉,就是不要对着书刊报纸胡思乱想。他们说话很尖刻却也很慈祥,因为他们是家道殷实的人,知道女人的生活状况而且爱自己的女儿——真的,她很有可能是父亲的掌上明珠。或许,她偷偷地在存放苹果的阁楼上匆匆地涂写过几页纸,不过她很小心地把它们藏了起来,要不就把它们烧掉。没多久,不管怎样,在她还只是十几岁的时候,就被许配给街坊的一位羊毛商的儿子。她强烈地反对,说她讨厌结婚,但却因此被父亲狠狠地揍了一顿。后来,父亲不再责骂她。他反过来请求她不要伤害他,不要在婚事上让他蒙羞受辱。他说,他会给她一串珠饰,或者一条精制的裙子;而且他的眼里还含着泪水。她如何能不听他的话}她如何能伤他的心?可是,单是她自己天赋的力量就驱使她走到这一步。她把自己的东西打成一个小包,在某个夏天的晚上拽着一根绳子溜下楼,取道往伦敦而去.她还不到十七岁。树篱间歌唱的鸟儿也不比她唱得动听。她对话的声调有最为敏捷的想象力,这和她哥哥的天赋相似。和他一样,她对戏剧也颇感兴趣。她站在戏院门,J她想演戏,她说。男人们当着她的面大笑起来。戏院经理——一个胖墩墩、爱饶舌的男人——发出了狂笑。他大放厥词,什么女人演戏就像鬈毛狗跳舞一他说,没有女人可能成为演员。他暗示说——你能想象到他暗示什么。她在技艺上无法得到训练。她能在客栈里找到饭吃,或者半夜在街头徘徊吗?然而她的天分是虚构,并渴望着从男人女人的生活以及对他们生活方式的研究中获取丰富的滋养。终于——因为她非常年轻,脸长得和诗人莎士比亚出奇地像,同样的灰色眼睛和弯弯的眉毛——终于演员经纪人尼克·格林对她动了怜悯心。她发现自己怀上了那位绅士的孩子,因此——当诗人的心困在女人的身体内不能挣脱时,又有谁知道那颗诗人的心会变得怎样的灼热与狂烈?——某个冬夜她自杀了,被埋在某个十字路口,就在’大象与城堡·客栈外面公共马车停靠的地方。 我想,倘若在莎士比亚时期的某个女性具备了莎士比亚的天才,她的故事大约就是这样发展的。但就我而言,我还是赞同那位过世的主教的说法,如果他真是主教的话——难以想象莎士比亚时期任何一名女子能够具有莎士比亚的天才。因为像莎士比亚这样的天才不是从进行体力劳动、未受过教育、做奴仆的人当中产生的。天才过去不会从英格兰的撒克逊人和布立吞人当中产生,现在也不会从工人阶级中产生。那么,它又怎能从那些女人们中产生?根据特里维廉教授的说法,她们几乎尚未走出儿童房就开始干活了她们的父母强迫她们,法律和习俗的力量又牢牢地束缚住她们。然而正如这种或那种的天才必然在工人阶级中存在着,它也必然同样地存在于女性当中。不时地,一位艾米莉·勃朗特、或者罗伯特·彭斯大放光芒,证明这种天才的存在。但是,当然了,天才从没有写到纸上。不过,当读到某个女巫被按在水中,或者某个女人魔鬼附身,或者某个聪明的女人在卖草药,甚至某位有母亲的非常出类拔萃的男人时,我想,我们有望找到一位消失了的小说家,一位受到压抑的诗人,某位不声不响而默默无闻的筒·奥斯丁,某位艾米莉·勃朗特,她被自己的天才折磨得发了狂,在旷野中拼命拉扯自己的脑袋,要不就在大路边洗盘子割草。的确,我愿意进一步揣测,那个写了这么多诗歌而没有署名的阿侬,多半是个女性。我想,爱德华·菲茨杰拉德认为,是一位女性创作了那些民谣和民歌,低声为她的孩子吟唱,在那冬日的漫漫长夜,唱着歌谣纺线。 这也许符合事实,也许不符合事实——有谁能说得清?——但是,回头看看我编的莎士比亚妹妹的故事,我倒觉得,其中符合事实的地方是,任何生于16世纪而且具有伟大天才的女性,必定都会发疯、自杀,要不就在村外一座孤零零的茅舍里度过余生,一半像女巫,一半像术士,让人害怕,遭人耻笑。因为无需多少心理学的技能就能肯定地说,一个天赋很高的女性试图把天赋用于诗歌,会这样地遭他人反对和阻挠,还要被自己自相矛盾的本能折磨和撕扯,她必定会因此丧失健康和神智。
小可爱mmd22
Unit 7III1. modernize 2. interpret 3. distributing 4. punctually 5. conservation6. maximum 7. exported 8. conquer 9. classification 10. recreationIV1. by name 2. in high gear 3. turned out 4. At times 5. as to 6. stem from 7. put in 8. on the subject of 9. in the interest of 10. work onVD G N B I M E J L AVI 1. life 2. economy 3. conversation 4. politics 5. country6. garden 7. industry 8. literature 9. interview 10. meetingsVII1. seaward: going toward the sea 2. backward: directed toward the back, the beginning, or the past; returning; behind in development 3. earthward: toward the earth4. outward: toward the outside; away; on the outside, appearing to be true but perhaps not really true 5. southward: going toward the south6. northward: going toward the north7. homeward: going toward home8. inward: moving toward the inside; on the inside; of the mind or spiritVIII1. interchangeable 2. intermingle 3. interconnected 4. interdependent5. interplay 6. intermarriage 7. interpersonal 8. interactiveIX1. As to what actually happened to the headquarters2. As to where I should go to further my study3. as to how different they are and why we want to keep them both4. as to whether or nor I should remain at the college working as a teaching assistant 5. as to whether the old hard ware is to be replaced by new hardwareX1. There is no use trying to help those who do not help themselves2. it is no good trying to solve the issue between the nations by means of war3. There is no sense refusing to accept it4. There is no point in having a load of money5. there is no harm in spending some time thinking about what sort of career you might wish to pursueXI1. An interesting question therefore remains as to how far Microsoft can go with Gates as its CEO.2. There’s/It’s no use complaining since nothing ever changes as the result of a complaint. What’s important is to take measures to prevent similar events from happiness.3. Learn to accept the fact that some people you thought were friends turn out to be enemies.4. As you would expect from the book’s title, there are many references to what kind of man Gates is.5. The prosperity of the company stems from hardworking and thrifty of the entire staff.6. He said nothing at all on the subject of the play which was put on for the first time Saturday night.XII1. 至于那天晚上他是怎么死的,事实上我无法解释,而且也许不会有任何可能的解释了。2.做了一件事然后说自己本来不想那样做是没有用的;如果你不想做,你就不会做了。3.微软公司正在研究降低其产品成本的方法,以便发展中国家的人也能买得起。4.苹果公司也愿意将其部分软件与微软公司的产品捆绑在一起,以促进其销售。5. 与评价父亲不同,人们评价母亲依据的是其为母之道的成功或失败。对于母亲来说,一切都取决于孩子最终成为什么样的人。6. 人们会发现这个网站很有价值,因为我们投入了大量时间准备网站的信息。XIII1 A 2 B 3 C 4 B 5 A 6 D 7 B 8 D 9 C 10 A 11 D 12 B 13 D 14 C 15 A 16 C 17 D 18 C 19 A 20 D