泰姬陵英文简介

Thetajmahal泰姬陵下载个有道桌面词典句子也能翻译

Taj Mahal is regarded as one of the eight wonders of the world, and some Western historians have noted that its architectural beauty has never been surpassed. The Taj is the most beautiful monument built by the Mughals, the Muslim rulers of India. Taj Mahal is built entirely of white marble. Its stunning architectural beauty is beyond adequate description, particularly at dawn and sunset. The Taj seems to glow in the light of the full moon. On a foggy morning, the visitors experience the Taj as if suspended when viewed from across the Jamuna river. Taj Mahal was built by a Muslim, Emperor Shah Jahan (died 1666 C.E.) in the memory of his dear wife and queen Mumtaz Mahal at Agra, India. It is an "elegy in marble" or some say an expression of a "dream." Taj Mahal (meaning Crown Palace) is a Mausoleum that houses the grave of queen Mumtaz Mahal at the lower chamber. The grave of Shah Jahan was added to it later. The queen’s real name was Arjumand Banu. In the tradition of the Mughals, important ladies of the royal family were given another name at their marriage or at some other significant event in their lives, and that new name was commonly used by the public. Shah Jahan's real name was Shahab-ud-din, and he was known as Prince Khurram before ascending to the throne in 1628. Taj Mahal was constructed over a period of twenty-two years, employing twenty thousand workers. It was completed in 1648 C.E. at a cost of 32 Million Rupees. The construction documents show that its master architect was Ustad ‘Isa, the renowned Islamic architect of his time. The documents contain names of those employed and the inventory of construction materials and their origin. Expert craftsmen from Delhi, Qannauj, Lahore, and Multan were employed. In addition, many renowned Muslim craftsmen from Baghdad, Shiraz and Bukhara worked on many specialized tasks. The Taj stands on a raised, square platform (186 x 186 feet) with its four corners truncated, forming an unequal octagon. The architectural design uses the interlocking arabesque concept, in which each element stands on its own and perfectly integrates with the main structure. It uses the principles of self-replicating geometry and a symmetry of architectural elements. Its central dome is fifty-eight feet in diameter and rises to a height of 213 feet. It is flanked by four subsidiary domed chambers. The four graceful, slender minarets are 162.5 feet each. The entire mausoleum (inside as well as outside) is decorated with inlaid design of flowers and calligraphy using precious gems such as agate and jasper. The main archways, chiseled with passages from the Holy Qur’an and the bold scroll work of flowery pattern, give a captivating charm to its beauty. The central domed chamber and four adjoining chambers include many walls and panels of Islamic decoration. The mausoleum is a part of a vast complex comprising of a main gateway, an elaborate garden, a mosque (to the left), a guest house (to the right), and several other palatial buildings. The Taj is at the farthest end of this complex, with the river Jamuna behind it. The large garden contains four reflecting pools dividing it at the center. Each of these four sections is further subdivided into four sections and then each into yet another four sections. Like the Taj, the garden elements serve like Arabesque, standing on their own and also constituting the whole.参考资料：

印度。泰姬陵是印度穆斯林艺术最完美的瑰宝，是世界遗产中的经典杰作之一，被誉为“完美建筑”，又有“印度明珠”的美誉。

泰姬陵全称为“泰姬·玛哈拉”，是一座白色大理石建成的巨大陵墓清真寺，是莫卧儿皇帝沙贾汗为纪念他心爱的妃子于1631年至1653年在阿格拉而建的。位于今印度距新德里200多公里外的北方邦的阿格拉(Agra)城内，亚穆纳河右侧。

扩展资料

泰姬陵的建造原因及用料

印度历史上著名的绝色美女，莫卧儿皇帝沙贾汗最爱的妻子，举世无双的泰姬陵的主人。1631年，阿姬曼·芭奴在跟随沙贾汗南征时，因产褥热去世，年仅39岁。

1633年，泰姬陵在沙贾汗选中的印度北部亚穆纳河转弯处的大花园内开始动工兴建。此处位于亚穆纳河下游，十分空旷，沙贾汗可以从河上游的阿格拉城堡上远远地望见。大理石和珠宝最受沙贾汗喜爱，因此，他选用大理石建造泰姬陵，并命人以十分精巧的手艺在大理石上镶嵌无数宝石作装饰。

印度以及来自波斯、土耳其、阿拉伯的建筑师、镶嵌师、书法师、雕刻师、泥瓦工共计两万多人参与了泰姬陵的建设。此工程选用了印度的大理石，中国的绿宝石、水晶和玉，巴格达和也门的玛瑙，斯里兰卡的宝石，阿拉伯的珊瑚等。

参考资料来源：百度百科-泰姬陵

参考资料来源：百度百科-阿姬曼·芭奴