商务英语信函曹菱

通过商务英语（BEC）考试流程如下：BEC考试跟四六级命题思路是完全不一样的，所以没有什么必然联系。只要你有能力，直接考高级也是可以的。这是听说读写四个方面的全能测试，每项都要及格才可以。如果你以后想从事有关商务领域的工作，这个证书还是蛮值得一考的。暂且不说它能对你的求职起到多大的作用，就算通过对商务英语的学习，也绝对能让你受益匪浅，一些专业的词汇、有用的表达法，都是在商务领域很常见的。 还有一个托业考试你也可以考虑一下，它比BEC稍容易一点。BEC考试(纸笔考试)一般在考试后4-6周后成绩即可查询,各级别出成绩时间并不一致,考试成绩终身有效。想要了解更多关于商务英语的相关信息，推荐咨询美联英语。美联英语适合学习的人群很广泛，会针对不同的人群，提供个性化课程，比如英语口语比较弱，不敢开口；想进一步改变英语口语表达能力；想练习英语口语苦于没有方法的，都可以选择美联英语学校进行学习，同时，线上课程与线下课程相辅相成，满足学员灵活的学习需求；班型多样化，自主选择，只要有网，学员可以随时随地都可以学英语。【免费领取英语试听课】

我一直用类似的答案回答，但是我不得不这么做。学会自己搜索数据库对写论文是非常有帮助的，其实没有人会在网上真得写一篇论文出来，即使是收费的，也仅仅是东凑一点西拼一点而已，还不如自己去找呢！ 您可以去以下网站找资料，然后提问索取全文： ★ （如果上不去，换 ） 是个收费网站，而且很贵！！！！但是你可以去那里查资料然后问我要全文，因为CNKI的资料很全，有3400多万篇文章。 当然你在任何论文网站或数据库下载全文遇到收费时，都可以向我寻求帮助！ 中国知网 ，你上去输入关键词，搜索一下就有了 索取全文参看 搜索结果： 1. 英语商务谈判技巧 严文恋 陈明 李丽洁 文献来自:商场现代化 2007年 第01期 本文探讨商务英语谈判中语用策略的运用。二、英语谈判技巧1.商务谈判前的准备商务谈判前的准备也是商务谈判技巧的一部分,她往往会起到令人意想不到的效果)谈判前,要对对方的情况作充分的调查了解,分析他们的强弱项,分析哪些问题 ... 2. 国际商务谈判英语教学发展趋势探讨 被引次数:4次 刘森林 文献来自:外语教学 2005年 第05期 的《实用商务英语谈判》、王正元(2002)的《商务谈判行话连篇》、曹菱(2001)的《商务英语谈判》以及武汉大学音像出版社出版的《商贸英语》(VCD )等。它们有的强调谈判基本过程所使用的英语,诸如谈判前的准备、确定谈 ... 3. 国际商务谈判技巧 文献来自:水路运输文摘 2005年 第04期 就可以在谈判中掌握主动、获得满意的 结果。命 入一,介~一,国际商务谈判技巧<正>进出口商要想成功就得掌握谈判技巧。贸易谈判实际上是一种对话,在这个对话中,双方说明自己的情况,陈述自己的观点,倾听对方的提案、发盘、并作 ... 4. 商务英语与案例教学法 被引次数:3次 张黎明 文献来自:理工高教研究 2003年 第05期 正确运用英语进行案例分析。书店里有关讨论技巧、演示技巧或者谈判技巧的书籍很多,但适合个人特点的技巧,并能用英语准确表达尤为重要 ... 5. 商务谈判中的提问技巧 甘长银 文献来自:齐齐哈尔大学学报(哲学社会科学版) 2004年 第01期 国际工商谈判技巧[M].济南:山东人民出版社,1994. [5]韩凤荣,刘克敬,陈宝启.对外经济贸易谈判[M] ... 外贸英语(函电与谈判)[Z].杭州:浙江大学出版社,1997. [7]上海对外贸易学院外语系.外贸英语会话[Z] ... 6. 中国加入世贸组织后商务谈判面临的挑战——中美商务谈判口译语用失误分析 被引次数:7次 秦红 杨秀芬 文献来自:上海科技翻译 2003年 第04期 在谈判中译员要引起高度的重视。中国加入世贸组织后商务谈判面临的挑战——中美商务谈判口译语用失误分析@秦红$哈尔滨工业大学威海校区外语系 ... 7. 案例教学法与商务英语教学 被引次数:3次 陈建平 文献来自:宁波大学学报(教育科学版) 2004年 第05期 商务英语包括经贸英语、金融英语、营销英语、国际商务英语、外贸函电、外贸实务、商务谈判等主要课程 ... 8. 商务合同英语的词汇特征 被引次数:4次 莫再树 文献来自:山东外语教学 2003年 第06期 一般认为商务合同英语属庄重文体 ,即各体英语中正式程度最高的一种。2 .0商务合同英语的词汇特征商务合同英语所追求的目标不是语言的艺术美 ,而是逻辑的精确性与严谨性、表述的专业性与规范性以及思维的清晰和条理性。书卷词语 ... 9. 浅谈商务英语谈判素质的培养 刘连增 韩芳 文献来自:商场现代化 2007年 第15期 商务英语谈判日益增多。为了提高我国对外贸易的竞争力,商务人员需要强化商务英语谈判素质的培养,在国际商务中获得成功。商务英语 ... 10. 商务谈判中翻译技巧的运用 刘文义 文献来自:黑龙江史志 2007年 第05期 即“商务谈判英语应包括语言知识[1]廖瑛,莫再树.国际商务英语语言与翻译研究[M].机械工业出版社,2004 [2]陈苏东 ...

第一部分 基本词汇询价 make an inquiry报价 quotation报/发盘 offer底盘 floor offer实/虚盘 firm/non-firm offer开/收盘 opening/closing price现/期货价 spot/forward price还盘 counter-offer回佣 return commission到岸价 C.I.F.（即Cost, Insurance and Freight)到岸加佣金价 C.I.F.C.（即Cost, Insurance, Freight and Commission) 现货 spot goods库存有限 limited stock批发价 wholesale price零售价 retail price净利润 net profit定金 down payment分期付款 payment by installment现金结算 cash settlement信用证结算 payment by letter of credit(L/C)股东 shareholder; stockholder我方 on our part双赢战略 win-win strategy中止合同 terminate the contract提出索赔 lodge a claim要求赔偿损失 claim for a compensation of the loss/damage贸易索赔 business claim补偿贸易 compenstion trade第二部分 词语扩展商品交易会 Commodities Fair经营范围 line/scope of business独家经销代理 exclusive selling agency市场准入 market access机床 machine tools汽车零部件 auto parts电子商务 e-commerce; e-business第三部分 例句请给我一个有效期为90天的C.I.F.报价，目的港为洛杉矶，报价含5%的佣金。I'd like to hear your quotation on a C.I.F.Los Angeles basis valid for 90 days, with an inclusion of 5% angent's commission in your quotation.

Implicitly conditional on the role of Business English Implicitly refers to non-conditional conditions IF sentence guide. The most common verbs or other parts of speech have come from changes in terms of sentence structure. Terms of the structure of the sentence often contains conditions, reasons, such as semantic purpose. This is the English meaning of a sentence together. Of the structure of English noun phrases commonly used in English letters, documents in a formal style. Business English the official language, refining, strict terms, standardization, and often a certain format and cliches. This is the practical business of English foreign trade in the inquiry message, one of commonly used sentence: "Your early reply to our specific inquiry will be highly appreciated. As soon as possible if you reply to our specific inquiry, would be grateful." Sentence subject reply comes from the verb changes in the term part of the whole subject with the semantic conditions. The conditions in question the role of business negotiations Question conditions (conditional question) is "a condition of a question sentence +" component, this question can be a special question or general questions. There are two typical sentence: "What + ... if ...?" And "If ... + then?". In international business activities, the use of the conditions of the particular question with a lot of advantages: to obtain other information. Offer in the negotiations and offer stage, the question can be used to test conditions for a better understanding of the specific circumstances of each other in order to modify their offers or offer. For example: Our side asked: What would you do if we agree to a two-year contract? Answer each other: What if we modify our specifications, would you consider a large order? Answer from the other side, we can determine the other concern is the long-term cooperation. Well, after this new information will help the negotiations. mutual concessions. Questions posed by the conditions of offer and acceptance of our proposal is based on the premise of the conditions, in other words, only when the other side to accept our offer when we set up the offer. Therefore, we will not be made unilaterally by the binding site, nor will any party to make unilateral concessions, and only each other concessions in order to be successful transaction. (the search for common ground. If the other party refused the conditions we have, we can pose other conditions of the conditions of the new questions, a new round of offers, the other conditions may also be used to question our offer. Both sides are doing mutual concession after concession, until they reached important common ground. instead of the negative No. In international business negotiations, as far as possible to avoid direct use of "No" to refuse such a blunt tone, it would seem impolite to make negotiations easier, resulting in the failure of negotiations. Such as when we can not agree with the other party's request can be made in the form of question conditions. For example: Large quantities of home-made washing machines have been popular on the local market. The quality is good, and the price per set is just 190 yuan.How can the wshing machining be salable if we import yours at 380 yuan per set? Recently, in the local market a large number of domestic washing machines are very popular. Their quality good, price is only 190 yuan each. If we take the price of 380 each import your products, how can it sell? (Solon, 2001) Do not ask each other because they refuse to lose each other's cooperation, but refused to allow the other their own requirements. This will continue to cooperate to retain the future possibility. to avoid foreign exchange arising from different cultural misunderstanding ambiguity. The culture of countries around the world is not the same. Therefore, in the international business activities, often in different countries due to cultural misunderstanding ambiguous. Therefore, in order to avoid misunderstanding, and often the use of the Interpretation Act. Question the use of conditions is a very tactful way. III Conclusion English sentence in terms of business negotiations, and its language features and frequency of use appears that we are worthy of careful study. Business English English as a branch, it is increasingly in the international business activities of its importance. References: 、 Solon: "business English" [M]. Beijing: China Textile Press, 2001, 54,57,58,555 Liu Central: Business English language translation of the characteristics and [J]. Shanghai: foreign language study in June 2006 published in the second half of its Cao Ling Zhao Lei Zhao Xuemei Zhang: Business English negotiation [M]. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2001,41 Park, LI Kui Liu Zheng: "International Business Negotiation" (second edition) [M]. Beijing: Foreign Trade and Economic University Press, 2006, 174 ~ 176

BEC初级（BEC P）考试成绩说明：

通过等级：D- Pass with Distinction(优异)，M- Pass with Merit (优秀)，P- Pass（通过）

未通过等级：A2 （未通过BEC初级，但获得A2级剑桥英语证书），F- Fail（未通过）

缺考：X （部分缺考）， Z（全部缺考）

成绩未到：Q，V

BEC中级（BEC V）考试成绩说明：

通过等级：A, B, C

未通过等级：B1 （未通过BEC中级，但获得B1级剑桥英语证书），F- Fail（未通过）

缺考：X （部分缺考）， Z（全部缺考）

成绩未到：Q，V

BEC高级（BEC H）考试成绩说明：

通过等级：A，B，C

未通过等级：B2 （未通过BEC高级，但获得B2级剑桥英语证书），F- Fail（未通过）

缺考：X （部分缺考）， Z（全部缺考）

成绩未到：Q，V

BEC考试

开放分类：教育社会考试考试术语

剑桥商务英语证书Cambridge Business English Certificate，简称BEC考试，是英国剑桥大学考试委员会专门为非英语母语国家的人员进行国际商务活动的需要而设计的。它根据商务工作的实际需要，对考生在商务和一般生活环境下使用英语的听、说、读、写四个方面进行全面考核，对成绩及格者提供由英国剑桥大学考试委员会颁发的标准统一的成绩证书。