新概念英语第77课

Terrible toothache Nurse: Good morning, MrCroft.Mr Croft: Good morning, nurse.I want to see the dentist, please.Nurse: Have you an appointment?Mr Croft: No, I haven't .Nurse: Is it urgent?Mr Croft: Yes, it is .It's very urgent.I feel awful.I have a terrible toothache.Nurse: Can you come at 10 am on Monday,April 24th?Mr Croft: I must see the dentist now,nurse.Nurse: The dentist is very busy at themoment.Can you come at 2:00 PM?Mr Croft: That's very late.Can't the dentist see me now?Nurse: I'm afraid that he can't , Mr Croft.Can't you wait till this afternoon?Mr Croft: I can wait, but my toothachecan't ! 是这一篇课文吧？里面只有一般现在时一种时态哦，里面情态动词用的比较多，另外还涉及到情态动词、实意动词和系动词的一般疑问句及其肯定和否定回答。

原文：The mummy of an Egyptian woman 1. who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation. The mummy is that of Shepenmut 2.who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease. The only way to do this was to operate. The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin. The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory. They also found something which the X-ray plates did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef. This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy. The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died. They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened. The mummy successfully survived the operation. 翻译：死于公元前800年的一位埃及妇女的木乃伊刚刚接受了一次手术。这是Shepenmut的木乃伊曾在底比斯庙宇的歌手。有在给木乃伊拍摄的X光片奇怪的斑点，医生们一直试图找出这位妇女是否死于一种罕见的疾病。这样做的唯一方法是操作。操作，持续了四个多小时，非常难做，因为皮肤上覆盖着一层硬树脂。医生把木乃伊的一个切片，送去化验。他们还发现了X光片所没有显示的东西：对神小蜡像多姆泰夫。这个上帝有牛的头通常被放在木乃伊。医生们至今还未确定的女人死了。他们担心木乃伊会变成碎片时，他们把它打开，但幸运的是这事情还没有发生。木乃伊成功地经受了这次手术。语法讲解：1. 限定性定语从句起限定作用，是主句不可缺少的部分，与先行词间无逗号，翻译时常译成前置定语： Those who want to go, please give me a call.想去的人请打电话给我。 2. 非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用，省去后不影响主句的意思，在口语中有停顿，在书面语中常用逗号与主句分开，翻译时常常译为并列的分句： This note was left by John, who was here a moment ago.这条子是约翰留的，他刚才来过这儿。 He often comes to school late, which makes his teacher angry. 他经常很晚才到校，这使老师很生气。 3. 非限定性定语从句的引导词通常是：who, whom, whose和which等，不用that。 4. 关系副词where和when也能引导非限定性定语从句： Many of us are going to settle in Canda, where land is cheap.我们中的许多人打算到加拿大定居，那里的土地便宜。 After graduation, I decided to stay in Chongqing, where I spent my childhood and four years of college life.毕业后，我决定留在重庆，在这里我度过了童年时光和四年的大学生活。 5. 引导非限定性定语从句的which可以指代前面的先行词,也可以指前面整个句子的含义。 That Peter will marry Alice, which has not been announced yet, has spread（传播） around. 彼特要娶爱丽斯这件事还 没宣布,却已传得沸沸扬扬。

The operation是主语，谓语部分是proved to be very difficult ，which lasted for over four hours为非限定性定语从句，to在这里是不定式的符号，短语prove to do something.BE +形容词表示性质、状态。之所以用covering不用covered是因为这里应该使用现在分词做后置定语，表主动含义，而用过去分词做定语表被动含义。It was difficult because of the hard resin covering the skin。=It was difficult because of the hard resin that/which covered the skin.（持续4个多小时的手术很难是因为覆盖在皮肤上的树脂）注意是说 the hard resin covered the skin。It was difficult because of the hard resin covered the skin.=It was difficult because of the hard resin that was covered the skin.注意the hard resin was covered the skin. 这个句子是不成立的，应该说the hard resin was covered by/with the skin.但是句意又是不正确的。整句的意思成了手术很难是因为树脂被皮肤覆盖。