萌萌尛宝贝
I. 翻译的原则：准确、通顺、完整 Ⅱ.翻译步骤： 逐字翻译 词语调整（词本无意，意由境生） 顺序调整 Ⅲ.长难句翻译“三步法” 拆：连词、关系词、标点符 译： 合：按意思逐层组合成理解通顺的汉语译文 我买了好几套真题卷，每套的翻译参考答案都有些不同，这再次说明像翻译这样的主观题没有标答。我们写真题时只要抓住准确、通顺的原则就好。用“信、达、雅”的标准看只需要做到信（忠实原文）、达（通顺，即符合汉语表达习惯）。 为了做到准确完整，可以先逐字翻译（就是原文字字对译） 为了做到通顺，根据全文语篇来词语调整、顺序调整。 翻译课上大家学的句子分析，有两个目的：1.为了看懂的意思（这一点我们考英语二的同学不用害怕，150词的小短文中真正很难的复杂句最多就1-2句）2.知道如何来语序调整，比如大家常说的定语从句前置、后置，被动语态进行不要出现“被”字。 看书听课了解这些常见的翻译处理方法只是第一步有awareness，最后还要落实到“亲自动手写”上，不然容易漏掉很多细节。 2012年真题 ①When people in developing countries worry about migration, they are usually concerned at the prospect of their best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world. ②These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain, Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates. ③Lots of studies have found that well-educated people from developing counting are particularly likely to emigrants. ④A big survey of Indian households in 2004 found that nearly 40% of emigrants had more than a high-school education, compared with around 3.3% of all Indians over the age of 25. ⑤This "brain drain" has long bothered policymakers in poor counties. ⑥They fear that it hurts their economies, depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at their universities, worked in their hospital and come up with clever new product for their factories to make. 逐字翻译： ①当人们在发展中国家担心移民的时候，他们通常担心的是这个前景 他们最好的和前途最光明的离开去硅谷或医院和大学在发达国家。 ②这些是这种工人 国家像英国、加拿大和澳大利亚试图吸引 通过使用移民规定 给予特权大学毕业生。 ③许多研究表明受过良好教育的人来自发展中国家尤其有可能移民。 ④一个大型调查 印度家庭 在2004年表明接近40%的移民有多于一个高中教育，相比较 大约3.3%的全部印度人 超过25岁。 ⑤这种“人才流失”已经长期困扰政策制定者在贫穷国家。 ⑥他们担心 它会伤害他们的经济，使他们失去急需的熟练工人 谁本能够教书在他们的大学、工作在医院并提出聪明的新产品为了他们的工厂来生产。 词语、顺序调整： ①发展中国家的人们担心移民（问题）时，他们通常担心的是这种情形：他们（国家）最好的和最有前途的（人才）会离开去硅谷或发达国家的医院和大学。 ②这些人正是英国、加拿大和澳大利等国家试图通过使用移民条例来吸引的一类人才，这些移民条例可以给予大学毕业生优惠对待。 ③许多研究表明，发展中国家受过良好教育的人尤其可能移民。 ④在2004年一项关于印度家庭的大型调查表明，接近40%的移民受过高中以上的教育，然而相比之下，25岁以上的印度人中受过高中以上教育的大约为3.3%。 ⑤这种“人才流失”（现象）已经长期困扰着贫穷国家的决策者。 ⑥他们担心这会伤害他们（国家）的经济，使他们失去急需的熟练工人，而这些人本可以在他们的大学任教、医院工作或者研发出新的智能产品以供工厂生产。 参考答案1： ①当发展中国家的人们担心移民问题时，他们通常忧虑的是自己国家最优秀、最聪明的人才可能移民到硅谷或发达国家的医院和大学这样的地方工作。 ②这类工作者正是英国、加拿大和澳大利亚等国家想要通过对大学毕业生提供优惠的移民条例来吸引的人才。 ③许多研究表明，发展中国家受过良好教育的人尤其可能移民。 ④2004年对印度家庭的一项大规模调查表明，将近40%移居国外的人受过高中以上教育，而与之形成对比的是：全印度25岁以上受过高中以上教育的人约为3.3%。 ⑤这种“人才流失”现象长期困扰着贫困国家的决策者。 ⑥他们担心这会损害本国经济，使他们失去急需的熟练劳动者，这些人本可以留在国内在大学任教、在医院工作或设计新奇产品供工厂生产。 参考答案2： 当发展中国家的人们担心移民问题时，他们通常担忧的是本国最优秀、最有前途的人会不会前往硅谷或发达国家的医院和大学发展。 这些人正是英国、加拿大和澳大利亚等国试图通道优待大学毕生的移民规定来吸引的人才。 许多研究发现，发展中国家受过良好教育的人移民的可能性尤其大。 2004年，一项针对印度家庭的大规模调查发现，近40%的移民接受过高中以上的教育，而与之形成对比的是，25岁以上受过高中以上教育的印度人的比例约为3.3%。 这种“人才流失”现象一直困扰着贫穷国家的决策者们。 他们担心这会损害本国经济，使他们失去大量急需的技术工人，这些人才本可以在国内的大学教书，在国内的医院工作，或为本国工厂研发新的智能产品。 复习单词： 1.migration n.移民—migrate，migrant；immigrate；emigrate 2.privilege v.给予特权 3.drain v.排水 n.排水管；brain ~人才流失 4.deprive v.剥夺，使失去 ；~ sb of sth 5.be concerned at担忧，担心 6.the prospect of... 什么的可能性
骑着猪猪追月亮
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖南卷）英 语PartⅠ Listening Comprehension(30 marks)Section A （22.5 marks）Conversation 1When does the woman finish work? A. At 6:00 B.At 7:00 C.At 8:002. What is the man going to do tonight?A. See his parents B. Watch a new movie C. Go for an appointmentConversation 23. Where does the man play tennis?A. At the university B. At the club C. At the community center4. How often does the woman swim?A. Once a week B. Three times a week C. Five times a weekConversation 35. What is the man doing?A. Getting dressed B. Having an interview C. Celebrating a birthday6. What is the probable relationship between the two speaker?A. Parent and child B. Husband and wife C. Customer and saleswomanConversation 47. Why did the man come back late ?A. He went to the bar. B. He met his teacher. C. He played basketball.8. What did the woman do this morning?A. She took a physics test. B. She had a meeting C. She held a party9. What will the woman probably do after the conversation?A. See her friends B. Go to the school C. Prepare dinnerConversation 510.Where did the woman grow up?A. In Switzerland. B.In the UK. C. In France.11. Which of the following does the woman like best about Weybridge?A. Its scenery B. Its people C.Its facilities12. What does the man do?A.A teacher B.A host C.A tour guideConversation 613. Why is the woman upset?A. The man didn’t apologize B. The man didn’t turn up. C. The man didn’t call.14. Who is the man speaking to?A. A waitress. B.A professor C.A doctor15. When will the two speakers see each other?A. On Tuesday B. On Thursday C. On FridaySection B（7.5 marks） You will hear the short passage TWICESchool Library LocationsAnd resources ·1stfloor : 80,000 books·2nd floor: 16 ___ kinds of newspapers and magazines Rules ·Books for lending can be kept for a 17 _____by full-time students.· 18 _ books, newspapers and magazines can never be taken out. Opening time ·All day long·All year round except Christmas Day and 19 _______ Access ·By 20 ______ 参考答案：1-5 ACCBA 6-10. BABCA 11-15 CBCBA 16. 90 17. month18. Reference 19. New Year’s Day 20. ID card Part Ⅱ Language Knowledge (45 marks)Section A (15 marks)21. We’ve had a good start, but next, more work needs _____to achieve the final success.A. being done B. do C. to be done D. to do【答案】C 【解析】句意:…更多的工作需要去做以取得最后的成功. need做实意动词后接动词作宾语有两种结构: need doing意为“主语需要被做”可以用need to be done转换; need to do 主语需要(自己)去做; 22. Don’t worry. The hard work that you do now ______later in life.A. will be repaid B. was being repaid C. has been repaid D. was repaid【答案】A 【解析】句意:…你现在所做的努力在以后的生活中会有回报的. 显然是将来时态且为被动.23. Time, ________ correctly, is money in the bank.A. to use B. used C. using D. use【答案】B【解析】句意:使用得当,时间就是银行里的钱. 要填的是非谓语形式,,而且use和主语time的关系是动宾关系,所以要用过去分词表被动意义,相当一个条件状语从句:if it (time) is used correctly.24. Bicycling is good exercise; _______, it does not pollute the air.A. nevertheless B. besides C. otherwise D. therefore【答案】B 【解析】题干前后表示的是叠加意义: 好的锻炼;不污染空气,所以用besides “除了…(还…)”; 答案A意为“然而”；C “要不然”；D“所以”。25. Close the door of fear behind you, and you _____ the door of faith open before you.A. saw B. have seen C. will see D. are seeing【答案】C 【解析】句意：关上你身后的惧怕之门，你就会看到信心之门在你面前敞开着。这是祈使句+and+并列句。根据句意，并列句谓语应该用将来一般时态。26. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn’t matter ____you have lived there for a short or a long time.A. why B. how C. whether D. when【答案】C 【解析】根据结构词or就很容易断定：whether…or。句意：…你居住在那里是很短一段时间还是很长一段时间，都没有关系。27. "The moment _____soon," he thought to himself, waiting nervously.A. came B. has tome C. was coming D. is coming【答案】D 【解析】根据soon “很快”很容易断定是将来时，这里是直接引语，所以要用D（表示“来、去、动身、启程”这类动词经常用进行时表将来）。句意：“这一时刻很快就要到了”。28. _____I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A.A. While B. Once C. If D. Until【答案】A 【解析】句意：尽管我老觉得我会通过考试，然而，我从来不曾想过会得“A等”。根据上下文可以看出，题干需要一个引导让步状语从句的连词。while在这里等于though。29. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.A. have had B. had had C. have D. had【答案】D 【解析】根据上下文可知，这是对现在情况的虚拟，if 从句用过去式，主句用would+原形。30. It was not until I came here _____I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.A. who B. that C. where D. before 【答案】B 【解析】句意：直到我来到这儿才意识到，这个地方不仅以它的美而且以它的天气出名。这里是强势结构It is+被强调部分+that…;本题强调的是时间状语。注意中文“直到…才…”用until表达常有以下三种形式：not…until; Not until (否定的状语谓语句首，后面的主句谓语用一般疑问句结构倒装)；It is not until…that…(强势结构)。所以，本题也可以如下说：I did not realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather until I came here(正常结构)；Not until I came here did I realize this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather(倒装结构)。31. The lecture, _____at 7:00 pm laze night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.A. starting B. being started C. to start D. to be started【答案】A 【解析】句意：报告于昨晚七点开始，报告之后便是用望远镜观察月球。start在此用作不及物动词（就像Classes start at 8 “8点开始上课”一样），瞬间动词的现在分词作定语表完成意义或将来意义：We shall arrive too late to catch the train leaving (=which will leave) at eight.我们会到达太晚了而赶不上8点（离开）的火车。A tile falling(=which fell)from a roof shattered into fragments at his feet.一片从屋顶上掉下来的瓦在他的脚边摔得粉碎。The accident happening to her turned out to be a good thing.她发生的意外证明\结果是件好事。32. hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.A. However B. Whatever C. Whichever D. Whenever【答案】A 【解析】句意：不减少进食，无论你怎么努力，要减肥是困难的。其他几个选项语义不通。however “无论怎么”在此引导让步状语从句=no matter how。33. -I remember you were a talented pianist at college. Can you play the piano for me?- Sorry, I the piano for years.A. don't play B. wasn't playing C. haven't played D. hadn't played【答案】C 【解析】句意：…抱歉，我好多年都没有弹钢琴了。现在完成时在此表示从好多年前算起到说话的时候为止的（否定）状态的持续。34. Care of the soul is a gradual process _____even the small details of life should be considered.A. what B. in what C. which D. in which【答案】D 【解析】句意：心灵的护理是一个逐渐的过程，在这个过程中，甚至生活中那些微小的细节都应该加以考虑。in which引导非限制性定语从句，which代前面的process。35. All the scientific evidence that increasing use of chemicals in farming damaging our health.A. show; are B. shows; are C. show; is D. shows; is【答案】D 【解析】句意：所有的科学证据表明：农业方面越来越多的使用化学物质正在损害着我们的健康。主语是evidence “证据（不可数名词）”，所以谓语动词应用单数式shows，宾语从句的主语是use “使用（不可数名词）”，所以要用is。Part ⅡSection B (18 marks)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B. C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context."What's it like to have a gap between your teeth?" a girl asked me one day.Nobody had ever _. 36 _ before. My hand unconsciously rose to cover my mouth. But, as she looked at me, sincerely waiting for__ 37__, 1 realized she was not trying to be rude. "I never think about it," I truthfully replied. She nodded and turned away. I was left wondering if people _38__ me and saw only gappy teeth.Later that day at home, I began to __39 __ my teeth again. I felt upset. I thought my life would be somehow better if my teeth were not gappy. How I wanted the perfect teeth that everyone else seemed to have!Of course, Mom 40 everything. She has lived her entire life with gappy teeth, and tried to convince me that there was nothing to __41__. When I refused to listen, she told me I could get the surgery to close the gap if it was that important. "Let's be 42__, though," she said. "If everyone got surgeries to become pretty, everyone would be exactly the same. There is beauty in differences."Her __43__ made me consider my teeth seriously. The thought of losing my gap was more terrible than the reality that people were going to notice it. I realized how important it was to me. It is part of my 44 _.Nowadays many people do ridiculous things to realize their dream of "perfection." The__45_ is that no one is perfect. When all potential for ugliness is removed, so is all of thepotential for 46__.So if that girl ever asked about my teeth 47___, I would truthfully answer. "You know? It's really cute."36. A. faced B. guessed C. asked D. imagined37. A. an offer B. an answer C. a suggestion D. a result38. A heard of B. thought of C. talked about D. looked at39. A. consider B. brush C. cover D. appreciate40. A. admitted B. noticed C. controlled D. changed41. A. worry about B. put off C. give up D. wipe out42. A. friendly B. lovely C. honest D. helpful43. A. words B. jokes C. dreams D. acts44. A. ability B. decision C. goal D. identity45. A. possibility B. purpose C. truth D. choice46. A. courage B. wisdom C. kindness D. beauty47. A. once B. again C. too D. instead36. C. 以前没人问及过上述问题.37. B. 等着我的回答38. D. 是不是人们看我的时候就看到我的缺牙呢.39. A. 回到家再次考虑我的缺牙问题. 答案B意为“刷”, C “覆盖”, D “感激,欣赏”.40. B. 母亲自然注意到所发生的一切. 答案A意为“承认”; C “控制”; D “改变”.41. A. 没有什么可担心. 答案B意为“推迟”; C “放弃”. D “消灭”.42. C. 不过我们还是诚实点吧 (言下之意就是不要做手术来掩盖真实面目以到达所谓的完美).43. A. 母亲的话让我认真地考虑起我的牙齿来.44. D. 这是我特征的一部分. 答案A “能力”; B “决定”; C “目标”.45. C. 事实上没有人是完美的. 答案A “可能性”. B “目的”; D “选择”.46. D. 所有丑陋的东西都去掉的时候,所有美好的东西也随之东流. 答案A意为“勇气”; B “明智”; C “善良\帮助”。47. B. 所以,如果哪位女孩再问我牙齿的事情,…
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