藏牦牛简介英语

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牦牛、藏羚羊、藏獒、虫草藏羚是中国青藏高原的特有动物、国家一级保护动物,被誉为“高原精灵”,也是列入《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》(CITES)中严禁进行贸易活动的濒危动物.藏羚羊一般体长135厘米,肩高80厘米,体重达牦牛、藏羚羊、藏獒、虫草\x04\x03藏羚是中国青藏高原的特有动物、国家一级保护动物,被誉为“高原精灵”,也是列入《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》(CITES)中严禁进行贸易活动的濒危动物.藏羚羊一般体长135厘米,肩藏獒、藏野驴、藏绵羊、藏山羊、虫草和藏牦牛还有藏羚羊都是青藏高原特有动物.1.藏獒 藏獒(英语:Tibetan Mastiff),又名西藏獒犬,属獒犬类,是一种体型较大性格凶猛的犬.其毛色多为铁包金、黄色、黑色(黑色并不是纯黑,而是在牦牛 在青藏高原人们经常可以看到一种奇特的牛,它体形雄壮,四肢短小,身披长毛,尾似马,叫如猪,尤其是它的腹部和臀部,长有30~40厘米长的粗毛,宛如系上了一条特制的“长毛围裙”,这就是被人们誉为“高原之舟”的牦牛. 目前被称为“高原之舟”的动物叫牦牛 连同藏绵羊,藏山羊是青藏高寒牧区的三大主要牲畜牦牛-高原之舟,是西藏高山草原特有的牛种,主要分布在喜马拉雅山脉和青藏高原.牦牛全身一般呈黑褐色,身体两侧和胸、腹、尾毛长而密,四肢短而粗健.牦牛生长在海拔3000米一5000米的高寒地区,能耐零下30℃一40℃的严寒,而爬上青藏高原的自然保护区,为在这一地区独特多样的生态环境中生存的野生动植物提供了较为安全的繁衍场所.在青藏高原上,生活着大约210种野生哺乳动物,占全国总种数的50%左右.在这些野生动物中国家一、二级保护种占有很大比例,大熊猫、金丝猴、藏羚、野牦牛、藏野驴、 盘羊、雪豹、羚牛、白唇鹿、梅花鹿等著名动物都在其中.青藏高原地区有维管植物12000种以上,占全国总种数的40%左右,桫椤、巨柏、喜马拉雅长叶松、喜马拉雅红豆杉、长叶云杉、千果榄仁等珍稀濒危植物都在这一地区有分布或特产于此.尤其值得一提的是,青藏高原是世界上杜鹃花种类最为丰富的地区,有“杜鹃花王国”之誉.而这些珍稀动植物均是青藏高原自然保护区的主要保护对象.在青藏高原上,生活着大约210种野生哺乳动物,占全国总种数的50%左右.在这些野生动物中国家一、二级保护种占有很大比例如:金丝猴、藏羚、野牦牛、藏野驴、盘羊、雪豹、羚牛、白唇鹿、梅花鹿等.一、金丝猴 金丝猴(拉丁学名:羊-------藏羚羊. 藏羚多生活在中国青藏高原(西藏、青海、甘肃、新疆),有少量分布在印度拉达克地区.被称为＂可可西里的骄傲＂.

The wild yak has a dense undercoat of soft, close-matted hair which is covered by generally dark brown to black outer hair. Its long, shaggy coat reaches almost to the ground. The wild yak can weigh up to 1000 kg (2200 lb) with a shoulder height of over 2 m (6.5'). It occurs in treeless uplands, including plains, hills, and mountains, from as low as 3200 m (10,500') up to the limit of vegetation at about 5400 m (18,000'). It stays in high areas with permanent snow during the warmer months of August and September, and spends the rest of the year at lower elevations. The wild yak grazes on grasses, herbs and lichens. Ordinarily it gathers in groups of 10 - 30 or more, but it may occasionally be observed in large groups of 100 - 200. The wild yak was once numerous and widespread on the entire Tibetan plateau north of the Himalayas. Currently it is found in remote areas of the Tibetan plateau and adjacent highlands, including Gansu Province, China, with a few having been observed in the Chang Chenmo Valley of Ladakh (eastern Kashmir, India). Wild yak distribution is highly clumped, with most animals in widely scattered herds, concentrated in the areas with little disturbance by humans. A survey conducted in 2003 found increasing populations of wild yak compared to previous surveys taken 10 years earlier. Uncontrolled hunting by natives and military personnel is the main reason for the wild yak's decline. Its range has been reduced by more than half during this century. Poaching remains the main current threat. The wild yak has lost most of the best alpine meadow and steppe habitat to pastoralists. Problems are also caused by habitat disturbance, hybridization and competition with domestic yaks, and disease transmitted by domestic yaks.

YAKThe dark black-brown coat is dense, wooly, and extremely shaggy, although the colour is variable in domestic yaks. 'Golden' wild yaks are also known, but are extremely rare. The shoulders are high and humped, with a broad, drooping head. The short legs have broad hooves and large dewclaws as an adaptation to mountainous environments. The horns are found in both sexes, though those of the females are considerably smaller and shorter. They grow up to 51 cm / 20 inches long in females, and 95 cm / 38 inches in males. The curved horns grow out from the sides of the head and curve upwards. Ontogeny and Reproduction Gestation Period: 258 days Young per Birth: 1 every other year.Weaning: About 1 year. Sexual Maturity: By 6 years. Life span: 23 years. The mating season begins in September, lasting for several weeks in which bulls fight each other for females. Young are born in June, the season of plenty in the Tibetan plateau. Ecology and Behavior Due to the scarcity of vegetation in their habitat, wild yaks must travel great distances in order to obtain sufficient nourishment. In July, there is a general downward shift from the high plateaus to the lower plains, where mosses and swamp vegetation are at their peak. As the temperature rises in August, the herds head back up to the plateaus, even retiring to snowy regions to beat the heat. Although sensitive to warm temperatures, wild yaks can easily tolerate temperatures of -40o C/F. In severe cold, they have been seen bathing in lakes and streams. Generally distrustful, if a herd is disturbed they will flee for a long distance, galloping with their tails held erect. If something unexpected appears in their flight path, yaks will bluff, attacking with a fast charge and normally stopping just 10-20 meters / 30-60 feet away from the intruder. In spite of their bulky, awkward appearance, yaks are excellent, sure-footed climbers. One of the few vocalizations is a loud grunt, made during the breeding season by wild yaks. Domestic yaks, however, "grunt" throughout the year - hence the specific name grunniens. Family group: Herds of 10-200 individuals consisting of females and young, adult males solitary or in bachelor groups with up to 12 members. Diet: Lichens, grasses, and tubers. Main Predators: Tibetan wolf.

Hide 族 people's 俗 The our country is an united of multiracial nation, hide the 族 is among them glorious a member.It calls with the ancient culture 著 with the long history in the whole country is to world. Hide the 族 , ignore to live in the motherland where, claim to be from time immemorial and all for" 博 ".This a the form of address expresses, whole hides the 族 to unify the sex stablely on its economy, culture, language, mental state character, is a race common.Live the district only because different with the dialectal difference, have the " 博巴 "( in addition to昌 all region Tibet)," 康巴 "( include the 昌 all the specialty area, the state of 甘孜 , jade tree state, 迪 celebrates the state)," much more peaceful"( in addition to jade tree state Qing Lake hides the area, the state of 阿坝 to hide the 族 with the 甘肃 ) it the distinction again.In historical Yangtze River in甸 can, diligence, hide the clansmen the people bravely is a with Chinese etc. numerous brotherses race, creates together brilliant China culture.They are to support the motherland unify with the national dignity, opposing the foreign country invade, for inherit with develop the excellent culture in Chinese nation inheritance, for each clansmen the people's comity with solidify to do over major contribution. According to data that 1990 whole country fourth time census provide, the province of Qing Lake hides 族 contain 911860 people, accounting for 20.46% of total population in Qing Lake, accounting for 19.85% of whole country hide total population in族 .Sea east District, sea west that wreath Qing Lake lake live Mongolia the 族 hides the 族 autonomy state to hide the autonomy of 族 to hide the 族 cantonally with sea south, sea north and fruit 洛s together the 操 is peaceful to talk in many ways, for peaceful talk the area in many ways, the jade tree state hides the 族操康巴 dialect, belonging to the 康巴 dialect area. Custom, be used as a kind of special culture phenomenon, its creation is always developped by social productivity of make roughly, overstep the economic basal people's custom is nonexistent.Qing Lake hides the clansmen the people to have got the love of the heart of 挚 to the steppe of 茫茫 , they love the horse, know the horse, good rider, valiant, alive with agile and fierce, the spirit that emphasis on arms;Easy and convenient, bear to whet, easy to an ox hair for dismantling 驮 carrying cashier;The crude and uncivilized 豪 puts, the quick hot liver folks in欢 dances the etc., having no must not find out the ultimate end source from the grass of 逐 water but the nomad's way of life mode of production that reside.At the same time, hide the 族 is almost the all the people believes in 佛 that hiding and spreading the race teaches, religion to hide 族 every kind of custom have got the extensive but profound influence, beating the top profoundly to print to record religiously.While racing horse,?Quot; the mulberry of 煨 " this a the ancient the absolute being of 敬 offers sacrifices to the rites that custom conduct and actions open match;The jade tree 卓 dance medieval times is old to flow the parties" the new 寨 begs the 卓 ", oneself is to hide to spread the 佛 to evolve after teaching the monk of high renown is loose however the text of 帕 lays foundation stone the rites artistic for the " new 寨尼 " but of;Hide the 族 the miraculous a 葬 wait the form of the 葬俗 hides with ancient times the 族 primitive religion with hide the 佛 that spread the relation teaches closely.Painting that hide the 族 also have the thick thick and religious color, construct regardless, tent, the pattern on the tools and implements, does the most mean the goldfish, treasure a 幢 , method a knot, right 旋 sea 螺 , wonderful 莲 , treasure of the good luck?Quot; eight 瑞 mutually badge" and does the high pole top float with the breeze?The wood of 龅 ?The etc. of 幡 , explain this problem.Same, the our country onces experienced several thousand years' feudalism rules, it hide the 族的习俗打下不可忽视的烙 ? for Qing LakeSuch as suffer the heavy male and light woman the influence of the thought, resemble" the new 寨 begs the 卓 " the like this choreographic is what prohibition against female attend;Seat in the tent, sit the preface and sit method contain strict custom rule, the woman can't sit in the man above, the man can sit with the legs crossed, women then need the half kneel type, cannot cross legs;Thing that man use, the son of 妇 cannot stride over, must round line;Such as suffer the notional influence in light privilege in expensive people in官 , the on the road meets thousand door,100 door, then must hustle along to dismantle the dish hair, the right 袖 takes the shoulder, 躬立 a beside, the double sees at present, even kneel the 立 a beside.These explain the thought in ruling class with the custom of the common common people, the politics is to passes the inside lie the function but develop its influence of. The common saying says the "100 different breeze, different 俗 in a long distance".The region of Qing Lake is broad, hiding an of 族 geography environments different from the material data that be engaged in the object, way produces, express to also show not a few differences on the custom.Is a soil building that cashier to live the steppe and be engaged in to herd industry produce hide the 族 with live the low elevation area and follow the plow the production to hide primarily of 族 ;Connect with the region of 康巴 the jade tree of the 壤 hide the 族族 to connect with the much more peaceful region slice of much more peaceful hide of 族 ;The jade tree is engaged in the soil building that herd the area agriculture hides the 族 different from the sea east region is engaged in the agricultural soil in area in agriculture building hides of 族 , its custom has slightly.Owing to this, hide the 族 custom part from the jade tree region with much more peaceful region two parts constitute.This since benefit to add mutually, reflect possibly and completely Qing Lake hide the consuetudinary and total feature in area, reflecting its difference again with each from of characteristics.The underneath emphasizes again to hide the 族 to the jade tree region consuetudinary all the 貌 makes a little introduction.Qing Lake a" the ridge of world", river source of river head.Special plateau geography position, have only a the big 川 in high mountain of the space, long history culture, simple and kind race romantic feeling, for develop the tourism provided the abundant nature resources with the humanities resources.The tourism of Qing Lake with the nature landscape, fresh and clear race style of its ancient 朴 with enrich to travel colorfully the item draw on the domestic and international visitor with the harbor, 澳 , set compatriot.