4级英语文章阅读

导语：英语四级考试目的是推动大学英语教学大纲的贯彻执行，对大学生的英语能力进行客观、准确的测量，为提高我国大学英语课程的教学质量服务。以下是关于英语四级阅读技巧和方法，欢迎大家的推荐参考!

第一步，快速略读全文，浏览大标题，同时分析小标题

浏览大标题的目的是为了对文章内容有大致的了解。而分析小标题则是为了把握文章的总体结构，了解文章内容的基本构成。如果阅读理解的篇幅较短，考试中可以直接用题目中的关键词汇定位，但是面对长篇累牍的快速阅读，考生首先应当留意文章当中是否有小标题。如果有，一定要先读小标题，因为小标题的作用如同目录，可以帮助考生宏观地把握文章框架，迅速寻找到有效信息的范围。

有时文章没有小标题，这时须按下列顺序浏览全文：第一段的第一句、第二句和最后一句——以下每一段的第一句——最后一段的第一句和最后一句。这种方法，意味着已经开始阅读，所以花的时间要长一些，但应该控制在两分钟之内。

第二步，仔细读题，划出标志词或关键词

标志词指的是专有名词(人名、地名、组织名、国名等)和数字等有标志性的单词，根据这些单词，我们可以对试题涉及的内容在文章中的位置进行快速定位。

如果试题中没有标志词，那么就根据试题中的名词、名词词组、动词、动词词组、形容词和形容词词组确定试题提问的内容，然后再确定试题在文章中的位置。

第三步，答题

在答题时，首先要根据标志词或关键词确定试题所在的部分，即在哪一个小标题下。如果文章没有小标题，也可以对试题在文章中的位置进行模糊定位。因为真题的出题顺序与原文的相关位置是一致的。也就是说，第四题答案的位置绝不会在第三题前面(但模拟题远非如此，所以模拟题较难)。因此我们答题时，不要一道题一道题地答，而要两道两道地做，前后呼应，能更好地定位。

1.主旨题的解题技巧

根据英文文章的写作特点，解答快速阅读的主旨题时要注意以下几点：

(1)快速阅读文章第一、二段，抓住文章大意、背景和作者风格，因为作者一般会在文章开头几段概述全文;

(2)快速浏览找出每段的中心句和几件事实，抓住一两个关键词，如果文中段落大意没有用一句话总结，就自己归纳出大意，在可能蕴含全文主旨的部分进行仔细阅读;

(3)注意转折词和序列词，有助于我们了解文章的脉络。

用于快速阅读的文章，在通常情况下每个小部分会有一个小标题，这样对考生迅速阅读文章并掌握文章的主旨大意非常有帮助，考生要善于利用这一点。另外，因为文章和段落结构通常遵守某种体裁的结构模式，因此在快速阅读时，并不需要每句话都仔仔细细地阅读。

2.细节题的解题技巧

快速阅读文章后面的10道试题中大部分都是细节题，因此对细节题的解题技巧要熟练掌握。

(1)首先，确定自己要找的信息。在阅读文章之前，目光快速扫描一遍后面的题目;

(2)其次，了解文章的信息分布。可查读各章节小标题进行定位，确定可能含有所需信息的部分;

(3)最后，找出所需的具体信息。在已经定位的区域，快速阅读直至锁定答案。

一： 详略得当

对于大学英语四级快速阅读测试来说，根据题目的“题眼”快速在文章中找到答案是最关键的，这样我们就要在阅读时注意详略得当。克服精读精益求精的习惯，做到有信息处精读，无信息处略读，略读处一扫而过。对所要解释或证明的观点的细节举例处或者通常有数个名词的并列项，它们不是完整的主谓宾的句子，因此无法与问题对应的详细列举处，都可以略读。那么题目中数字、人名等信息(题眼)在原文中对应的部分必须详读。

二：显性信息

查读的信息通常是显性信息，只要将问题在原文中进行准确定位就能得到正确答案，一般不需要做推理。

三：题文同序

大学英语四级考试的快速阅读部分，问题顺序与原文顺序一致(有时判断题和填空题交汇处顺序不一致)，这就要求考生应该按照题目的顺序依次做题。对于所有的`四级快速阅读文章这个技巧都适用，在此就不做特别举例

四：分解对应

分解对应四分法(快速阅读的解题核心)：快速将问题分解成4个部分(主A 谓B宾C+其他D)，与原文进行对比。

五：一段一题、长段两题、平均分配

大学英语四级考试的快速阅读的出题方式一般都为一段出一题、长段出两题，遵循平均分配题目所在位置的原则，在此也不做特别举例。

六：选小不选大

四级快速阅读中，问题的范围必须小于原文范围，反之则判定为错N。

确定为N的情况：

(1) 题目中的信息与原文内容相反

(2) 题目将原文的意思张冠李戴

(3) 将原文中的不确定因素转化为确定因素

(4) 改变原文中的条件、范围等

七：两段判定(判断NG最好方法)

在四级快速阅读中，如果上一题已经确定了在原文中的位置，读过两段后仍无下一题所需信息，则可以判定该题为NG，而不用通读全文。

八： 主宾判定

四级快速阅读中，将题干的句子进行简单分解后，问题中的主语、宾语在原文未出现或被偷换概念是，判定为NG

确定为NG的情况：

(1) 题目中的表述无中生有

(2) 原文中作者的目的、意图、愿望等内容在题目中作为客观事实陈述

(3) 将原文中的特殊情况推广为普遍现象

(4) 将原文的内容具体化

(5) 随意比较原文中的两个事物

九：相关信息准确合并

快速阅读文章中有时可能会问到所面临的问题是什么?某事情的原因是什么?等等，这样的问题在文中可能是在不同的位置都有表述，所以考生遇到这样的问题时，不能只局限在某一段里面找答案，可以先做后面的题目，在后面的阅读中发现还有该题的答案时，将相关信息合并后再确定答案。

大学英语四级考试已成为我国最普遍、最权威的英语水平考核标准。我精心收集了关于英语4级短文，供大家欣赏学习!

科学家寻找矿物的专属区域

Flying over a desert area in an airplane, two scientists looked down with trained eyes at trees and bushes. After an hour's 11 one of the scientists wrote in his book, "Look here for 12 metal. " Scientists in another airplane, flying over a mountain region, sent a 13 to other scientists on the ground, "Gold possible. " Walking across hilly ground, four scientists reported, "This ground should be searched for metals. " From an airplane over a hilly wasteland a scientist sent back by radio one word, "Uranium. "

None of the scientists had X-ray eyes: they had no 14 powers for looking down below the earth's surface. They were 15 putting to use one of the newest methods of 16 minerals in the ground—using trees and plants as 17 that certain minerals may lie beneath the ground on which the trees and plants are growing.

This newest method of searching for minerals is 18 on the fact that minerals deep in the earth may 19 the kind of bushes and trees that grow on the surface.

At Watson Bar Creek, a brook six thousand feet high in the mountains of British Columbia, Canada, a mineral search group gathered bags of tree seeds. Boxes were filled with small branches from the trees. Roots were dug and put into boxes. Each bag and box was 20 marked. In a scientific laboratory the parts of the forest trees were burned to ashes and tested. Each small part was examined to learn whether there were minerals in it.

人类大脑智力的决定因素

There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably , some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual— the sort of environment in which he is brought up. If an individual is handicapped(不利) environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.

The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster(抚养) homes. Peter was raised by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark's I. Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.

我的朋友索菲亚布伦特

Sophy Brent came to visit me nearly every day. She made me feel uneasy most of the time. She smoked 11 and never used an ashtray. She followed me into the kitchen while I made tea or coffee or supper and 12 herself to the children's orange juice. She made a great hit with my two-year-old daughter Flora, who would 13 about her for hours and refer to her lovingly as "sofa", and she was always talking about my husband and asking me where he was.

I could not decide why she chose my 14 , although I realized that nobody else paid her very much attention. Her situation was very difficult in that she was 15 out of drama school and only nineteen, but being 16 to play a leading part in a company of fairly 17 and experienced actors. They would not have liked her much even if she had been good, and as, from all accounts, she was not good so they took every 18 to run her down. I think she thought that I was the only person around who was both unconnected with the theatre and tolerably 19 . To associate with me was not, at any rate, to step down the scale. And for my part, although I felt troubled by her I did not dislike her. There was something genuinely outstanding in her personality, and she had such physical 20 that with me she could get away with anything. She was nice to have around, like flowers or a bowl of fruit.