快乐花蛇
2000年11月30日
黄山市徽派建筑的代表作是宏村、西递。西递、宏村根据文化遗产遴选标准C(III)(IV)(V)被列入《世界遗产名录》。
西递和宏村这两个安徽古村落奇迹般地保留了这种已近消失或者已经发生改变的中国传统农村聚居全貌。西递和宏村的街道结构、建筑和装饰、房屋布局以及人工水系都完好地保存着原始状态。
2000年11月30日在澳大利亚凯恩斯召开的第24届世界遗产委员会根据文化遗产遴选标准C(iii)(iv)(v)会议作出决定,将中国安徽古村落(西递、宏村)列入世界遗产名录。
安徽古村落:西递、宏村
英文名称: the Ancient Villages in South Anhui-Xidi and Hongcun
或称:皖南古村落
国家: 中国
所属洲: 亚洲
2000年11月30日在澳大利亚凯恩斯召开的第24届世界遗产委员会根据文化遗产遴选标准C(iii)(iv)(v)会议作出决定,将中国安徽古村落(西递、宏村)列入世界遗产名录。
西递和宏村这两个安徽古村落奇迹般地保留了这种已近消失或者已经发生改变的中国传统农村聚居全貌。西递和宏村的街道结构、建筑和装饰、房屋布局以及人工水系都完好地保存着原始状态。
西递
西递村中至今尚保存完好明清民居近二百幢。徽派建筑错落有致,砖、木、石雕点缀其间,已开发的有凌云阁、刺史牌楼、瑞玉庭、桃李园、东园、西园、大夫第、敬爱堂、履福堂、青云轩、膺福堂、应天齐艺术馆等20余处景点。该村建房多用黑色大理石,两条清泉穿村而过,99条高墙深巷,各具特色的古民居,使游客如置身迷宫。村头有座明万历六年(公元1578)建的三间四柱五楼的青石牌坊,峥嵘巍峨,结构精巧,是胡氏家族地位显赫的象征。村中有座康熙年间建造的“履福堂”,陈设典雅,充满书香气息,厅堂题为“书诗经世文章,孝悌传为报本”、“读书好营商好效好便好,创业难守成难知难不难”的对联,显示了儒学向建筑的渗透。村中另一古宅为“大夫第”,建于清康熙三十年(公元1691年)。“大夫第”为临街亭阁式建筑,原用于观景,楼额悬有“桃花源里人家。”六个大字”有趣的是,近人多将此楼当作古装戏中小姐择婿“热抛绣球”所在,现已成为西递村举办此项民俗活动的场所。“大夫第”门额下还有“作退一步想”的题字,语意双关,耐人寻味。
宏村
宏村村数百幢古民居鳞次栉比,其间以“承志堂”最为杰出,它是清代盐商营造。占地二千多平方米,为砖木结构楼房。此房气势恢宏,工艺精细,其正厅横梁、斗拱、花门、窗棂上的木刻,层次繁复、人物众多,人不同面,面不同神,堪称徽派“三雕”艺术中的木雕精品。据史料记载,“承志堂”是黟县境内保护最完美的古民居,到此参观的国内外游客,无不为之倾倒。
宏村水系是依牛的形象设计,引清泉为“牛肠”,从一家一户门前流过,使得村民“浣汲未妨溪路远,家家门巷有清渠”。“牛肠”在流入村中被称为“牛胃”的月塘后,经过过滤,复又绕屋穿户,流向村外被称作是“牛肚”的南湖。再次过滤流入河床,如此水系,堪称中国古代村落建筑艺术之一绝,它吸引了日本、美国、西德、法国等国内外专家接踵而来精心研究。
美丽的大蒜君
1.斗山街简介斗山街因形似北斗星而得名,建于明清时期,街长300多米,集古民居、古街、古雕、古井、古牌坊于一体,并浓缩了徽派建筑的主要特色,以许、汪、杨、王四大家宅为主要代表,气势恢宏,造型古朴,雕饰精致,自成一格,是古徽商的群居地。(英文):1 Doosan StreetDoosan Street due to the shape of the Big Dipper is named, was built in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the street is more than 300 meters long, set the ancient houses, streets, ancient sculpture, ancient, ancient arch in one, and concentrated in Anhui building features, to Xu, Wang, Yang, Wang Si house as the main representative, magnificent momentum, modeling simple, carving delicate, strike out, is the ancient merchants rookery.2.杨家大院简介杨家先祖曾官至明代礼部尚书,是典型的官僚家庭的居住结构,门头“上马石”、门楼上砖雕、厅堂栋梁雕刻精细,堂后二、三进均为两脚建筑,系家眷住房,楼厅还设有读书楼,住宅后院,辟有花园。(英文):2 Yang compound profileThe patriarch Ceng Guan to the Ming Dynasty libushangshu, is typical of a bureaucratic family living structure, door head" stone of mount a horse", the gatehouse on brick pillars, carved fine hall, hall two, three are two building, Department of family housing, the balcony is also provided with a school house, residential yard, monarch has garden.3.游览须知欢迎各位光临徽州古城景区参观、指导、游览,为了各位游客在景区游的舒心,玩的开心,高兴而来,满意而归,敬请游客主动配合景区做到以下事项:一、请游客自觉购买门票,凭票参观,门票售出,恕不退票。二、进入景区游览时请发扬社会公德,保护文物,严禁吸烟及使用明火,爱护景区内的一切游览设施,不随地吐痰,不乱扔垃圾,维护景区卫生清洁。三、广大游客在游览时,要注意安全,水上参观游览活动须由景区统一安排,专人负责,严禁游客私自下水游泳,严禁参与未经本景区指定人负责的水上运输船只进行水上游乐活动。四、对已购买景区门票的游客,须按景区规定的日期、时间、行程游览,门票实行一人一票,当日有效。五、徽文化博大精深,游客在景区游览时须认真听各景点导游员的讲解,积极配合解决在游览过程中所遇到的各种事宜。六、军人、残疾人及学生凭证件享受门票半价优惠。(英文):The 3 tour notesWelcome to Huizhou city to visit, guidance, to visit scenic spots to tourists in the scenic tours, comfortable, fun, happy, satisfied, please do the following matters initiative with scenic tourist:One, please consciously to buy tickets, ticket to visit, tickets were sold, no refund.Two, enter the scenic tour please carry forward the social ethics, protect the cultural relics, smoking and the use of fire, protect scenic tourism facilities in all, do not spit everywhere, does not throw trash, cleaning maintenance area.In three, the majority of tourists to visit, to safety first, water tour activities must be unified arrangement by the scenic spot, the person responsible for the tourists, is strictly prohibited without permission is strictly prohibited to participate in swimming, without the area designated person responsible for water transport vessel for water recreation activities.Four, to have purchased tickets visitors, according to provisions of the date, time, scenic travel tours, tickets for the implementation of one person one vote, effective on the same day.Five, culture broad and profound, tourists in the scenic tours to listen to the various attractions guide's explanation, cooperate actively to solve in the process encountered various matters.Six servicemen, disabled students, and documents to enjoy half-price concession tickets.
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