著名建筑英语简介

英文介绍：The Eiffel Tower is an iron lattice tower located on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France. It was named after the engineer Alexandre Gustave Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower. Erected in 1889 as the entrance arch to the 1889 World's Fair, it was initially criticized by some of France's leading artists and intellectuals for its design, but has become both a global cultural icon of France and one of the most recognisable structures in the world. The tower is the tallest structure in Paris and the most-visited paid monument in the world; 6.98 million people ascended it in 2011. The tower received its 250 millionth visitor in 2010.翻译：埃菲尔铁塔是一座铁格塔，位于法国巴黎的马尔斯广场。 它是根据工程师亚历山大·古斯塔夫•埃菲尔的名字来命名的，他的公司也是铁塔的设计者和建造者。入口拱门是在1889年世界博览会的时候修建的，它的设计最初受到了一些批评法国领先的艺术家和知识分子的批评，但它现在既是法国的文化象征，也是全世界最著名的建筑之一。铁塔是巴黎最高的建筑，也是世界上访问量最大的付费纪念馆，2011年参观人数已达到698万人。铁塔在2010年收到了它的第2500万个参观者。

1.圣保罗大教堂SalloPaulocathedralACathedraldedicatedtoStPaulhasoverlookedtheCityofLondonsince604AD,aconstantremindertothisgreatcommercialcentreoftheimportanceofthespiritualsideoflife.ThecurrentCathedral–thefourthtooccupythissite–wasdesignedbythecourtarchitectSirChristopherWrenandbuiltbetween1675and1710afteritspredecessorwasdestroyedintheGreatFireofLondon.ItsarchitecturalandartisticimportancereflectthedeterminationofthefivemonarchswhooversawitsbuildingthatLondon’sleadingchurchshouldbeasbeautifulandimposingastheirprivatepalaces.Sincethefirstservicetookplaceherein1697.Wren'smasterpiecehasbeenwherepeopleandeventsofoverwhelmingimportancetothecountryhavebeencelebrated,mournedandcommemorated.ImportantserviceshaveincludedthefuneralsofLordNelson,theDukeofWellingtonandSirWinstonChurchill;JubileecelebrationsforQueenVictoria;peaceservicesmarkingtheendoftheFirstandSecondWorldWars;thelaunchoftheFestivalofBritain;theServiceofRemembranceandCommemorationforthe11thSeptember2001:the80thand100thbirthdaysofQueenElizabeth,theQueenMother;theweddingofCharles,PrinceofWales,toLadyDianaSpencerand,mostrecently,thethanksgivingservicesforboththeGoldenJubileeand80thBirthdayofHerMajestytheQueen.Overthecenturies,StPaul’shaschangedtoreflectshiftingtastesandattitudes.Decorationhasbeenaddedandremoved,serviceshavebeenupdated,differentareashavebeenputtonewuses.Today,thehistoryofthenationiswritteninthecarvedstoneofitspillarsandarchesandiscelebratedinitsworksofartandmonuments.2.LondonEye伦敦巨眼摩天轮TheLondonEye(MilleniumWheel)ataheightof135metres(443ft),isthebiggestFerriswheelinEurope,andhasbecomethemostpopularpaidtouristattractionintheUnitedKingdom,visitedbyover3millionpeopleayear.AtthetimeitwaserecteditwasthetallestFerriswheelintheworld,untilitwassurpassedbytheStarofNanchang(160m)inMay2006,andthentheSingaporeFlyer(165m)onFebruary11,2008.However,itisstilldescribedbyitsoperatorsas"theworld'stallestcantileveredobservationwheel"(becausetheentirestructureissupportedbyanA-frameononesideonly).]TheLondonEyeislocatedatthewesternendofJubileeGardens,ontheSouthBankoftheRiverThamesinLondon,UnitedKingdom,betweenWestminsterBridgeandHungerfordBridge.ThesiteisadjacenttothatoftheformerDomeofDiscovery,whichwasbuiltfortheFestivalofBritainin1951.3.伦敦大桥LondonBridgeLondonBridgeisabridgebetweentheCityofLondonandSouthwarkinLondon,England,overtheRiverThames.SituatedbetweenCannonStreetRailwayBridgeandTowerBridge,itformsthewesternendofthePoolofLondon.OnthesouthsideofthebridgeareSouthwarkCathedralandLondonBridgestation;onthenorthsidearetheMonumenttotheGreatFireofLondonandMonumenttubestation.ItwastheonlybridgeovertheThamesdownstreamfromKingstonuntilWestminsterBridgeopenedin1750.ThebridgecarriespartoftheA3road,whichismaintainedbytheGreaterLondonAuthority;thebridgeitselfisownedandmaintainedbytheBridgeHouseEstates(seeCityBridgeTrust),anindependentcharityoverseenbytheCityofLondonCorporation.4.大英博物馆theBritishMuseumTheBritishMuseumisamuseumofhumanhistoryandcultureinLondon.Itscollections,whichnumbermorethan7millionobjects,areamongstthelargestandmostcomprehensiveintheworldandoriginatefromallcontinents,illustratinganddocumentingthestoryofhumanculturefromitsbeginningtothepresent.ThemuseumisaNon-DepartmentalPublicBodysponsoredbytheDepartmentforCulture,MediaandSport.“ThewondersofthemuseumbroughtheretoBloomsburyfromallaroundtheworld'simaginedcornersarenumberless.Howcantheybenamed?Aswelltallyeachleafofatree.Theycomehereoutofthelivingmindsofgenerationsofmenandwomennowdead–GreekandAssyrian,AztecandInuit,ChineseandIndian–whohaveconceivedandcarvedandhammeredandtemperedandcasttheseobjectstorepresenttheworldsaroundthem,visibleandinvisible.”TheBritishMuseumwasestablishedin1753,largelybasedonthecollectionsofthephysicianandscientistSirHansSloane.Themuseumfirstopenedtothepublicon15January1759inMontaguHouseinBloomsbury,onthesiteofthecurrentmuseumbuilding.Itsexpansionoverthefollowingtwoandahalfcenturieshasresultedinthecreationofseveralbranchinstitutions,thefirstbeingtheBritishMuseumofNaturalHistoryinSouthKensingtonin1887.Until1997,whenthecurrentBritishLibrarybuildingopenedtothepublic,theBritishMuseumwasuniqueinthatithousedbothanationalmuseumofantiquitiesandanationallibraryinthesamebuilding.Since2001thedirectoroftheMuseumhasbeenNeilMacGregor.AswithallothernationalmuseumsandartgalleriesinBritain,theMuseumchargesnoadmissionfee,althoughchargesareleviedforsometemporaryspecialexhibitions

the White House 白宫the Pentagon 五角大楼Empire State Building 帝国大厦Willis Tower 西尔斯大厦World Trade Center 世界贸易中心（被本·拉丹撞到了）Freedom Tower 自由塔Stratosphere Tower 云霄塔Chrysler Building 克莱斯勒大楼 For almost two hundred years, the White House has stood as a symbol of the Presidency, the United States government, and the American people. Its history, and the history of the nation's capital, began when President George Washington signed an Act of Congress in December of 1790 declaring that the federal government would reside in a district "not exceeding ten miles square……on the river Potomac." President Washington, together with city planner Pierre L'Enfant, chose the site for the new residence, which is now 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue. As preparations began for the new federal city, a competition was held to find a builder of the "President's House." Nine proposals were submitted, and Irish-born architect James Hoban won a gold medal for his practical and handsome design. Construction began when the first cornerstone was laid in October of 1792. Although President Washington oversaw the construction of the house, he never lived in it. It was not until 1800, when the White House was nearly completed, that its first residents, President John Adams and his wife, Abigail, moved in. Since that time, each President has made his own changes and additions. The White House is, nt's private home. It is also the only private residence of a head of state that is open to the public, free of charge. The White House has a unique and fascinating history. It survived a fire at the hands of the British in 1814 (during the war of 1812) and another fire in the West Wing in 1929, while Herbert Hoover was President. Throughout much of Harry S. Truman's presidency, the interior of the house, with the exception of the third floor, was completely gutted and renovated while the Trumans lived at Blair House, right across Pennsylvania Avenue. Nonetheless, the exterior stone walls are those first put in place when the White House was constructed two centuries ago. Presidents can express their individual style in how they decorate some parts of the house and in how they receive the public during their stay. Thomas Jefferson held the first Inaugural open house in 1805. Many of those who attended the swearing-in ceremony at the U.S. Capitol simply followed him home, where he greeted them in the Blue Room. President Jefferson also opened the house for public tours, and it has remained open, except during wartime, ever since. In addition, he welcomed visitors to annual receptions on New Year’s Day and on the Fourth of July. In 1829, a horde of 20,000 Inaugural callers forced President Andrew Jackson to flee to the safety of a hotel while, on the lawn, aides filled washtubs with orange juice and whiskey to lure the mob out of the mud-tracked White House. After Abraham Lincoln's presidency, Inaugural crowds became far too large for the White House to accommodate them comfortably. However, not until Grover Cleveland's first presidency did this unsafe practice change. He held a presidential review of the troops from a flag-draped grandstand built in front of the White House. This procession evolved into the official Inaugural parade we know today. Receptions on New Year's Day and the Fourth of July continued to be held until the early 1930s. President Clinton's open house on January 21, 1993 renewed a venerable White House Inaugural tradition. Two thousand citizens, selected by lottery, were greeted in the Diplomatic Reception Room by President and Mrs. Clinton and Vice President and Mrs. Gore.

The Eiffel Tower is in Paris. It's the symbol of Paris.Nobody will miss the chance to visit it when he arrives in Paris.It's 300.51 meters in height. It is made of iron and it is about 700 tons in weight.

There're 1665 steps to the top. It took 300 workers 2 years to complete it. It was finished in 1889. It's a famous architecture in the world.

埃菲尔铁塔在巴黎。它是巴黎的象征。当他到达巴黎时，没有人会错过参观它的高度。它有300.51米高。它是铁做的，它的重量大约是700吨。

上面有1665个台阶。300名工人花了2年才完成。它在1889完成。它是世界上著名的建筑。

Eiffel Tower,wrought-iron tower in Paris,a landmark and an early example of wrought-iron construction on a gigantic scale.It was designed and built by the French civil engineer Alexandre-Gustave Eiffel for the Paris World's Fair of 1889.The tower,without its modern broadcasting antennas,is 300 m (984 ft) high.

The lower section consists of four immense arched legs set on masonry piers.The legs curve inward until they unite in a single tapered tower.Platforms,each with an observation deck,are at three levels; on the first is also a restaurant.The tower,constructed of about 6300 metric tons (about 7000 tons) of iron,has stairs and elevators.

A meteorological station,a radio communications station,and a television transmission antenna,as well as a suite of rooms that were used by Eiffel,are located near the top of the tower.

埃菲尔铁塔，巴黎的锻铁塔，一个标志性建筑，也是早期大型锻铁建筑的典范。它是由法国土木工程师亚历山大·古斯塔夫·埃菲尔为1889年巴黎世界博览会设计和建造的。

这座塔没有现代化的广播天线，有300米（9米）。84英尺高。下部由四个巨大的拱形支腿组成，支腿向内弯曲，直到它们结合成一个锥形的塔。每个平台都有一个观察台，位于三个高度；第一层是餐厅。塔由6300公吨(ab)建造。7000吨)的铁，有楼梯和电梯。

一个气象站，一个无线电通信站，一个电视发射天线，以及一套埃菲尔使用的房间，位于塔顶附近。

The Eiffel Tower is an iron lattice tower located on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France. It was named after the engineer Alexandre Gustave Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower.

Erected in 1889 as the entrance arch to the 1889 World's Fair, it was initially criticized by some of France's leading artists and intellectuals for its design, but has become both a global cultural icon of France and one of the most recognisable structures in the world.

The tower is the tallest structure in Paris and the most-visited paid monument in the world; 6.98 million people ascended it in 2011. The tower received its 250 millionth visitor in 2010.

翻译：

埃菲尔铁塔是一座铁格塔，位于法国巴黎的马尔斯广场。 它是根据工程师亚历山大·古斯塔夫•埃菲尔的名字来命名的，他的公司也是铁塔的设计者和建造者。

入口拱门是在1889年世界博览会的时候修建的，它的设计最初受到了一些批评法国领先的艺术家和知识分子的批评，但它现在既是法国的文化象征，也是全世界最著名的建筑之一。

铁塔是巴黎最高的建筑，也是世界上访问量最大的付费纪念馆，2011年参观人数已达到698万人。铁塔在2010年收到了它的第2500万个参观者。

艾非尔铁塔:

艾菲尔铁塔又名埃菲尔铁塔。（法语：La Tour Eiffel）1889年，世界万国博览会在法国巴黎举行，同年亦是法国大革命百年纪念日，为了纪念这个特殊的日子，由法国人古斯塔夫艾菲尔（Gustave Eiffel）设计建造的艾菲尔铁塔在当时的巴黎市中心落成。

美国著名建筑的英文：Famous buildings in the United States美国美国著名建筑有：金门桥（Golden Gate Bridge）布鲁克林大桥（Brooklyn bridge）自由女神像（Statue Of Liberty）洛克菲勒中心（Rockefeller Center）圣路易斯拱门（Gateway Arch）五角大楼（The Pentagon）西雅图 Space Needle 塔联合国大厦（United Nations Headquarters）

7.Tower of LondonFounded nearly a millennium ago and expanded upon over the centuries since, the Tower of London has protected, housed, imprisoned and been for many the last sight they saw on Earth.It has been the seat of British government and the living quarters of monarchs ... the site of renown political intrigue, and the repository of the Crown Jewels ... It has housed lions, bears, and (to this day) flightless ravens ... not to mention notorious traitors and framed members of court, lords and ministers, clergymen and knights.

1 白宫白宫（The White House，也称白屋）是美国总统的官邸和办公室。白宫由美国国家公园管理局拥有，是“总统公园”的一部分。二十美元纸币的背面图片就是白宫。白宫是一幢白色的新古典风格砂岩建筑物，位于华盛顿哥伦比亚特区西北宾夕法尼亚大道1600号。因为白宫是美国总统的居住和办公的地点，“白宫”一词常代指美国政府。白宫的基址是美国开国元勋、第一任总统乔治·华盛顿选定的，始建于1792年，1800年基本完工，设计者是著名的美籍爱尔兰人建筑师詹姆斯·霍本。但当时并不称白宫，“白宫”是1902年西奥多·罗斯福总统正式命名的。2 帝国大厦纽约帝国大厦始建于1930年3月，是当时使用材料最轻的建筑，建成于西方经济危机时期，成为美国经济复苏的象征，如今仍然和自由女神一起成为纽约永远的标志。曾为世界第一高大楼和纽约市的标志性建筑。 是世界七大工程奇迹之一，在世界贸易中心在911事件倒塌后，继续接任纽约第一大楼的头衔，直到自由塔建成。3 自由女神像自由女神像又称自由照耀世界（Liberty Enlightening The World），是法国在1876年赠送给美国的独立100周年礼物。美国的自由女神像位于美国纽约州纽约市哈德逊河口附近，是雕像所在的美国自由岛的重要观光景点。女神右手高举象征自由的火炬，左手捧着刻有1776年7月4日的《独立宣言》，脚下是打碎的手铐、脚镣和锁链。她象征着自由、挣脱暴政的约束，在1886年10月28日落成并揭幕。雕像锻铁的内部结构是由后来建造了巴黎埃菲尔铁塔的居斯塔夫·埃菲尔设计的。自由女神像高46米，加基座为93米，重225吨，是金属铸造，置于一座混凝土制的台基上。自由女神的底座是著名的约瑟夫·普利策筹集10万美金建成的，底座是一个美国移民史博物馆。1984年，自由女神像被列为世界文化遗产。4 国会大楼国会大厦位于华盛顿25米高的国会山上，是美国的心脏建筑。国会大厦建于1793-1800年，与华盛顿的多栋重要建筑一样，亦未幸免于1814年英美战争的损毁。战后重建之后，百年以来，国会大厦又进行了包括1851-1867年的浩大重建工程在内的多次扩建，最终形成了今日的格局。国会大厦是一幢全长233米的3层建筑，以白色大理石为主料，中央顶楼上建有出镜率极高的3层大圆顶，圆顶之上立有一尊6米高的自由女神青铜雕像。大圆顶两侧的南北翼楼，分别为众议院和参议院办公地。众议院的会议厅就是美国总统宣读年度国情咨文的地方。它仿照巴黎万神庙，极力表现雄伟，强调纪念性，是古典复兴风格建筑的代表作。国会大厦东面的大草坪是历届总统举行就职典礼的地方。5 五角大楼五角大楼是世界上建筑面积最大的单体办公楼，其总建筑面积达650万平方英尺（合60.4万平方米），其中办公面积为370万平方英尺（合34.4万平方米）。大约有23000名军方人士及文职人员在五角大楼工作，另外还有约3000名非国防志愿者在五角大楼服务。五角大楼共有五个外立面，建筑分为五层（包括地下两层），每层由内至外共有5个环状走廊，走廊总长度达到17.5英里（合28.2公里）。6 独立纪念碑它是华盛顿市举目可见的第一地标，美国国家草坪的中心点。1848年的美国独立纪念日，当时的美国总统以华盛顿在国会大厦奠基仪式所用的泥刀，为华盛顿纪念碑砌下了奠基石。为了这一工程的破土动工，名为“国家纪念碑筹建协会”的机构，已在全国筹款了15年。到1854年南北战争时期，因战争而停建的纪念碑已有约50米。1876年，华盛顿纪念碑终于开始被继续建造，至1885年全面建成，全高169米。华盛顿纪念碑约50米以上部分的白色大理石石色略深于下方，是两段相隔22年的建造过程留下的痕迹。华盛顿纪念碑是一座石质的方尖碑，高高的正方体碑柱顶端，为四面三角形的尖顶，锐气逼人。华盛顿纪念碑内部中空，其内壁上嵌有各个国家、美国各州市、各大团体及名人所赠的石碑193块，其中包括清朝宁波府所赠的文言文石碑，碑上文字取自福建巡抚徐继畲的《瀛寰志略》。7 金门大桥金门大桥是世界著名的桥梁之一，是近代桥梁工程的一项奇迹。大桥雄峙于美国加利福尼亚州长1900多米的金门海峡之上，历时4年和10万多吨钢材，耗资达3550万美元建成，由史特劳斯设计。金门大桥是世界著名大桥之一，被誉为近代桥梁工程的一项奇迹，也被认为是旧金山的象征。金门大桥的设计者是工程师史特劳斯，人们把他的铜像安放在桥畔，用以纪念他对美国作出的贡献。大桥雄峙于美国加利福尼亚州宽1900多米的金门海峡之上。金门海峡为旧金山海湾入口处，两岸陡峻，航道水深，为1579年英国探险家弗朗西斯·德雷克发现，并由他命名。

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Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London (and historically as The Tower), is a historic monument in central London, England, on the north bank of the River Thames. It is located within the London Borough of Tower Hamlets and is separated from the eastern edge of the City of London by the open space known as Tower Hill.The Tower of London is often identified with the White Tower, the original stark square fortress built by William the Conqueror in 1078. However, the tower as a whole is a complex of several buildings set within two concentric rings of defensive walls and a moat.The tower's primary function was a fortress, a royal palace, and a prison (particularly for high status and royal prisoners, such as the Princes in the Tower and the future Queen Elizabeth I). This last use has led to the phrase "sent to the Tower" (meaning "imprisoned"). It has also served as a place of execution and torture, an armoury, a treasury, a zoo, the Royal Mint, a public records office, an observatory, and since 1303, the home of the Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom.希望帮到你

长城 Great Wall 大雁塔喷泉 Big Wild Goose Pagoda Fountain 临潼兵马俑 Lintong Terracotta Warriors