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词汇表网上没有，必须买这本书语法表如下：附表三语法结构表一、本表列出了英语课程教学中学生需掌握的语法知识。二、本表所规定的是学生应该掌握的语法知识和技能范围，并不要求在教学中对所列全部项目进行专题讲授。语法教学的重点是培养学生实际使用语法的能力。 Symbols ＆ Abbreviations NomenclatureN NounPron PronounNum NumeralArt ArticlePrep PrepositionAdj AdjectiveAd AdverbDet DeterminerV VerbV-ing1 GerundV-lng2 Present participleV-ed1 Past form of verbV-ed2 Past ParticipleTo V InfinitiveS SubjectO ObjectOi Indirect objectOd Direct objectCs Subject complementCo Object complementWh-words who，when，where，how，why，which，whetherConj ConjunctionExc Exclamation1.Noun（名词）：l.1 Classes of N：countable vs．uncountable（名词的种类：可数名词与不可数名词）l.2 Number of N（名词的数）1.3 Irregular plurals（不规则复数）1.4 Genitive case of N（名词的所有格）l.5 Double genitive（双重所有格）e.g. a portrait of Mr.Brown's(cf. a portrait of Mr.Brown)2.Pronoun（代词）2.1 Personal pronoun（人称代词）2.2 Demonstrative pronoun（指示代词）2.3 Possessive pronoun（物主代词）2.4 Reflexive pronoun（反身代词）2.5 Interrogative pronoun（疑问代词）2.6 Indefinite pronoun（不定代词）2.7 Reciprocal pronoun（相互代词）2.8 Relative pronoun（关系代词）3.Numeral（数词）3.1 Cardinal and ordinal numbers（基数词和序数词）3.2 Percentage（百分数）3.3 Fraction（分数）3.4 Decimal（小数）3.5 Multiple（倍数）3.6 Year，Month，Date ,Time（年份、月份、日期、时刻）4.Determiner（限定词）4.1 Definite and indefinite articles（定冠词和不定冠词）4.2 any，all，both，each，every，either，neither，no，this，etc．4.3 Quantifiers（数量词）e.g. many，a piece of，etc．5.Preposition（介词）5.1 Simple Preposition（简单介词）5.2 Compound Preposition（复合介词）6.Adjective（形容词）6.1 Syntactic function of Adj（形容词的句法功能）6.2 Adj＋Prep6.3 Adj＋to V6.4 Adj十that-clause6.5 Too＋Adj十to V6.6 Adj＋enough＋to V6.7 so＋Adj十as＋to V7.Adverb（副词）7.1 Syntactic function of Adv（副词的句法功能）7.2 Adverbs with or without-ly（带-ly和不带-ly的副词）e.g. high，highly；most，mostly，etc．7.3 Position of adverbs（副词的位置）8.The comparative and superlative degrees of Adj/Adv（形容词和副词的比较级和最高级）9.Verb classes（动词）9.1 Transitive and intransitive verbs（及物动词和不及物动词）9.2 Auxiliaries and modal auxiliaries（助动词和情态动词）9.3 Phrasal Verbs（短语动词）e.g. depend on ,turn out ,catch up with, etc.10.Tense（时态）10.1 Simple present，past，future（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时）10.2 present and past progressive（现在进行时和过去进行时）10.3 Future Progressive（将来进行时）10.4 Present and past perfect（现在完成时和过去完成时）10.5 Future perfect（将来完成时）10.6 Present perfect progressive（现在完成进行时）10.7 Past perfect progressive（过去完成进行时）11.Passive voice（被动语态）11.1 Passive voice in simple tenses（被动语态的一般式）11.2 Passive voice in perfect and progressive tenses（被动语态的完成式和进行式）11.3 Passive voice of phrasal verbs（短语动词的被动语态）11.4 Passive voice of modal verbs（含情态动词的被动语态）12.Subjunctive mood（虚拟语气）12.1 in conditional sentences（用于条件句中）12.1.l if＋V-ed1……would＋V12.1.2 if ＋had＋V-ed2……would＋have＋V-ed212.l.3 if＋should/were to＋V，…would＋V12.l.4 omission of if（if的省略）12.2 in the following that-clause after（用于下列动词的that宾语从句中）：wish，demand，suggest，etc．It＋be＋suggested /desirable．etc．suggestion，recommendation，etc．12.3 In the following clauses and construction（用于下列从句和结构中）as if＋clause，as though＋ clauseIt is time thatwould rather13.To V（Infinitive动词不定式）13.1 as subject，object，attribute and complement（用作主语、宾语、定语和补足语）13.2 Indicating purpose/result（表示目的／结果）13.3 It＋（be）＋Adj（＋for＋sb.）＋to V13.4 wh-words＋to V(phrase)（疑问词加不定式［短语］）13.5 to be＋V-ed2，to have＋V-ed2, to be＋V-ing2（不定式的被动式、完成式和进行式）14.V-ing1（Gerund动名词）14.1 as object，subject and predicative（用作宾语、主语和表语）14.2 Prep＋V-ing114.3 It＋be＋…＋V-ing114.4 N/Pron or their Possessive＋V-ing1 as subject and object（名词／代词或其所有格加动名词作主语和宾语）14.5 Prep＋N/Pron or their possessive＋V-ing1；（介词加名词／代词或其所有格加动名词）14.6 Being＋V-ed2，having＋V－ed2（动名词的被动式和完成式）15.V-ing2 and V-ed2(present and past participle现在分词和过去分词)15.1 as premodifier and postmodifier in a noun Phrase（作名词的前位和后位修饰语）15.2 as complement（作补足语）15.3 as an adverb clause equivalent（作状语）15.4 when／While，etc.＋V-ing2／V－ed2（when／while等十现在分词或过去分词）15.5（with）N＋V-ing2/V-ed2([with]十名词十现在分词或过去分词)15.6 being＋V-ed2,having＋V-ed2,having been＋V－ed2 as an adverb or adjective clause equivalent（现在分词的被动式、完成式和完成被动式作状语或定语从句）16.Basic sentence Patterns and sentence elements（基本句型和句子成分）Pattern l：S＋VPattern 2：S ＋ V＋Cspattern 3：S＋V十0Pattern 4：S＋V＋Oi＋OdPattern 5：S十V＋Od＋Co17.Transformation of basic sentence patterns(基本句型转换)17.l Interrogative form（疑问形式）17.2 Negative form（否定形式）17.3 Imperative form（命令形式）17.4 Passive form（被动形式）18.There be（There be结构）18.1 There＋（be）＋N＋Adv18.2 There will-/modal V 十be/exist(s)/seem（s）to be appear（s）to be十N＋Adv18.3 There（be）＋N＋Adj／V-ing2/V-ed2/to V／relative clause19.Agreement（一致关系）19.1 Between subject and predicate V（主语和谓语动词的一致关系）19.2 Between pronoun and its antecedent（代词与其先行词的一致关系）20.Noun clause（名词从句）20.1 that and omission of that(that和that的省略)20.2 whether，if20.3 which（ever），who（ever），whom，whose20.4 when，where，why，how，how much/many/long/often20.5 what，whatever21.Attributive clause（定语从句）21.1 Restrictive and non-restrictive（限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句）21.2 that，which，who，whom，when，where，why21.3 Whose21.4 Omission of that/which（that/Which的省略）21.5（N ＋ Pron ＋）Prep十which/whom/whose21.6 the same/such…as21.7 which／as（with sentential antecedent）（which／as指代句子）22.Apposition（同位关系）22.1 Noun in apposition（名词作同位语）22.2 Appositive clause（同位语从句）22.3 Noun phrase as appositive to clause（名词短语作句子的同位语）e.g. that is（to say），for example，etc．23.Clauses of time and space（时间从句和地点从句）23.l when（ever），while，as，after，before，since23.2 where（ever）23.3 until，till23.4 once, the moment, as soon as，each time，immediately（that），no sooner… than24.Clauses of condition, concession and contrast(条件从句、让步从句和对比从句) 24.1 if, unless24.2 provided/providing（that），as/so long as，In case，on condition that，supposing24.3 though，although，whether，even though，even If24.4 no matter＋wh-words24.5 wh-words＋-ever24.6 whereas，while24.7 Adj／Adv＋as／though25.Clauses of cause，result and purpose（原因从句、结果从句和目的从句）25.1 because，as，for，for，for this reason，etc．25.2 hence，therefore，then，as a result of, etc．25.3 for, for this purpose, with this in mind, lest, in order than, etc. 26.Clauses of manner and comparison(方式从句和比较从句)26.1 as, as……as, not so(as),more than, less than, no/not more than26.2 as, just as26.3 as if, as though27.clause of proportion and other types(表示比较关系的从句和其它从句)27.1 the…the…27.2 as…So…27.3 except that 28.Coordination（并列） Coordinators：and，both…and，not only…but（also），as well as，either…or，neither…nor，whether…or，not…but，for，etc．29.Clauses with introductory it（用引导词it的从句）29.1 Anticipatory it as subject or object29.2 it in emphatic sentencee.g. It is/was…that/who30.Pro-form（替代形式）30.1 Pro-forms for noun phrases（名词短语的替代形式）30.1.1 3rd person pronouns，and plurals of the 1st and 2nd person Pronouns（第三人称代词、第一和第二人称代词的复数）30.l.2 indefinite pronouns（不定代词）（＋of＋N／Pron）30.1.3 one，ones，that，those30.l.4 The same，the former，the latter30.2 Pro-forms for adverbials（状语的替代形式）here，then，thus30.3 Pro-forms for Predicate（谓语的替代形式）30.3.1 do，do so30.3.2 so do，so will30.4 Sentence/Clause reference（句子或从句的替代形式）30.4.1 this，the following30.4.2 so，note.g. A：Do you think he will come？B：Yes，I think so．（or）No，I think not．31.Discontinuous modification（割裂）31.1 Separation of relative clause from its antecedent（定语从句与所修饰的名词割裂）31.2 Separation of V－ing2/V-ed2/Prep-phrase from its head noun（现在分词／过去分词／介词短语与所修饰的名词割裂）31.3 Separation of appositive（clause）from its antecedent（同位语[从句]与所同位的词的割裂）31.4 Separation of Prep-phrase from adjective(介词短语与形容词割裂) e.g. different techniques from neither, nor, so, etc. 32.Subject－verb inversion（主语与谓语倒装）32.1 Sentences beginning with neither，nor，so，etc．32.2 Sentences beginning with negative adverb expressionse.g. hardly，never，rarely，etc．32.3 Sentences beginning with adverbs of position and directione.g. here，there，down，away，etc．32.4 Sentences beginning with a fronted predicativee.g. More important is the principle of．．．32.5 Sentences beginning with only ＋ Adv，not only…（but）also…33.Parenthesis（插入语）e.g. actually，generally speaking，to be exact，as a result，as you see，etc.34.Omission（省略）34.1 Omission through coordination（并列结构中的省略）e.g. It’s cold in December in England，but（It’s cold）in July in New Zealand．34.2 Omission in the following clauses（下列从句中的省略）Whether…or not；whatever；as；than；the… the…35.Negation（否定）35.1 Total negation（全部否定）35.2 Partial negation（部份否定）35.3 Double negation（双重否定）36.Emphasis（强调）36.1 By single words or Phrases（用单个词或词组）e.g. only，even，Just，ever，alone，must，still，too，very，a good (great)deal，（by）far，a lot，etc．36.2 By reflexive pronouns，auxiliary verb do or emphatic it（用反身代词、助动词do或强调结构中的it）36.3 By inversion or repetition（用倒装或重复）e.g. Hardly did互 think it possible．37.Word formation（构词法）37.1 Affixation（词缀法）37.2 Conversion（K化法）37.3 Compounding（合同法）38.The use of it（it的用法）39.Abbreviation（缩约法） e.g. TV，ad，smog，etc．4O.Punctuation（标点）
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2. of one’s own accord=without beingasked; willingly; freely自愿地 ,主动地3. in accord with 与…一致 . out of one’s accordwith 同….不一致4. in accordance with =inagreement with 依照,根据5. on one’s own accounta) 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益b) =at one’s own risk自行负责c) =by oneself依靠自己8. accuse…of=charge…with; blame sb.for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about指控,控告9. act on 奉行,按照…行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理10. adapt oneself to=adjust oneself to 使自己适应于11. adhere to粘附; 坚持, 遵循=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on,persist in, observe, opinion, belief，stick to14. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地.15. make the best of,utilize, make use of, 利用. 18. in the air a)不肯定, 不具体. b)在谣传中.19. allow for =take into consideration, take into account 考虑到, 估计到.21.all atonce=suddenly突然; once and for all 只此一次; all in all 大体上说; beall in 累极了; all but 几乎.22. amount to =to be equal to总计, 等于.23. answer for =undertake responsibility for, be liable for, takecharge for 对…负责.24. answer to =conform to适合,符合.27. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力28. approve of =consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to,consider good 赞成,29. arise from=be caused by 由…引起.30. arrange for sb./sth. todo sth. 安排…做…31. be ashamed of=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done以…为羞耻32. assure sb. of sth. =try to cause to believe or trust in sth. 向…保证, 使…确信.34. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做…35. attend to 注意,照顾;36. attribute…to…=to believe sth. to bethe result of…把..归因于..,认为是..的结果39. at one’s back=supporting or favoring sb.支持,维护; have sb. at one’s back 有…支持, 有…作后台40. turn one’s back on sb. =turn away from sb in an impoliteway不理睬,背弃,抛弃43. on behalf of =as the representative of以…名义45. boast of |about吹嘘47. in brief=in as few words as possible简言之48. in bulk 成批地,不散装的49. take the floor 起立发言52. be acquainted with=to have knowledge of 了解; =to have met socially熟悉53. in case of =in the event of如果发生…万一in the case of 至于…, 就…而言57. charge sb. with …控告某人犯有…58. take charge of =to be or become responsible for负责管理(照顾)59. round the clock(=all day and all night, usually withoutstopping) 昼夜不停地60. commit oneself to 使自己承担… commitsb. to prison把某人送进监狱; commit one’s idea to writing 把某人的想法写下来;commit a matterto a committee 把某事交给委员会讨论61. keep company with =be friendly and go out together和…要好.63. by comparison 比较起来64. compensate for =give sth. to make up for 补偿, 赔偿,弥补 compensatesb. for sth. 赔偿,弥补67. conceive of =think of,imagine, consider 想象,设想69. be concerned with (=about) 与…有关70. on condition that =if以…为条件, 假如 in that = because 因为;now that = since 既然 for all that = although 尽管71.in / out of condition =thoroughly healthy or fit / not fit 健康状况好/不好 in good (bad) condition处于良好(坏)状态73. confide（吐露，委托） in 对…讲真心话, 依赖74. confidence in sb. / sth. 对…的信赖75. confine…to… 把…限制在某范围内76. confirm sb. in 使某人更坚定(信念等)78. be confronted with=bebrought face to face with 面对, 面临80. in connection with=with regard(respect) to关于,81. be conscious of=be aware of觉察,知道perceive82. consent to=give agreement to permission同意83. in consequence =as a result 结果84. under consideration 在考虑中85. consist of=be composed of由…组成的. consist in主要在于. consist with符合,与…一致86. consult sb. on/ about sth. 向…征求…方面的意见, 就…向…请教87. to one’s heart’s content尽情地,痛痛快快88.be content to do sth. 愿意做某事89.contrary to =in opposition to 与…相反on the contrary 相反 in contrast to/with 和…形成对比 bycontrast 对比之下91. contribute to 有助于93. at one’s convenience94. convince sb. of使某人确信try to persuadesb. to do sth.劝说某人做…95. cope with=deal with, tryto find a solution to应付, 处理96. in the corner(of)在角落里on(at) the comerof a street在街道拐弯处round the comer拐过弯be in a tightcorner陷入困境97. correspond (with) =exchange letters regularly通信98. correspond to 相当于correspond with 符合,一致99. at all costs不惜任何代价 at the cost of 以…为代价100. a matter of course 理所当然的事101. (a) passion for 对…的热爱,热情102. be patient with 对…耐心103. pay for 赔偿, 付款, 报偿, 处罚104. (be) at peace with 与…和睦相处 in peace (=peacefully)安静,平安105. peculiar to… 特有的, 独具的106. penalty for 对…的处罚,罚金107. persist in 坚持,固执108. in person 亲自, 当面109. in place 放在应放的地方110. in place of =instead of代替111. take(a) pleasure in 喜欢做某事112. be on the point of doing sth. =be about to do sth.刚要去做113. beside the point 不切正题,无关紧要114. come to the point 谈主要问题115. there is no point in doing sth.没必要做某事116. to the point 中肯, 切题117. point at =indicate, direct attention指着 pointout =indicate, show指出,指明118. popular with/among大众所喜爱的,拥戴119. in the position of 处在…位置上120. in practice 实际上(状语);业务熟练(表语)121. be(get) out of practice 荒疏,不熟练122. bring(put)…into practice使…成为现实123. prefer…to… =choose rather, likebetter 宁要, 更喜欢124. in the presence of 在…在场的情况下125. for the present=for the time being, for now暂且,就现在来说;at present现在,此刻126. preside over / at 主持(会议,业务等)127. prevail over 占优势, 压倒, 战胜129. previous to =prior to在…之前130. take pride in=pride oneself on 以…自豪131. in principle =only in regard to the main idea 原则上133. in private =privately 私下, 秘密地 in public 公开地134. proceed from =arise from, result from 由…发出, 由…引起(产生)135. proceed with =begin andcontinue sth. 继续进行136. in progress=in the state of be done进行中138. in proportion to 与…成比例143. be qualified in 在某种科目或学科上合格 be qualified for 在某种职业上合格144. call…in question 对…表示怀疑145. in question=under discussion所谈及的;150. beyond the reach of 无法达到(得到,理解)152. in the red 亏损,负债,赤字 (be) get out of red 不再亏损153. give one’s regards to sb. 向…问候154. relevant to 与…有关的155. to one’s relief 令…感到放心的是156. remark on(upon) 对…发表评论157. remedy for 对…治疗法, 补救, 药物158. resort to 诉诸于.., 求助于… resort to force 诉诸于武力159. in/with respect to =concerning有关,关于161. restrain…from=hold back from抑制..不..162. get rid of 摆脱, 去掉, 除去163.be in the right正确的;in the wrong错误的164. give rise to=lead to 引起, 导致165. at the risk of=with danger of冒...的风险166. for the sake of =forthe good or advantage of 为了…起见167. be for sale 待售168. on sale =offered to be sold 出售, 上市170．be critical of 爱挑毛病的，批评的171. cure sb. of+某种疾病 治好某人的疾病172．a danger to对…的危险; be in danger(of)处于…危险中; be out of danger脱离危险173. to date=so far, until now 到目前为止174. out of date过时的；up to date新式的,时兴的;date back to可追溯到; datefrom从某时期开始(有)176. be in debt to sb. 欠…的债177. on the decline 在衰退中, 在减少中in decline 下降; on the increase 在增加178. to one’s delight 令某人感到高兴to one’s regret 遗憾;sorrow悲痛; relief 安心; distress 苦恼; shame羞愧; surprise 惊奇; astonishment 惊奇;179. delight in=take great pleasure in doing sth.喜欢, 取乐180. take (a) delight in 喜欢干…, 以…为乐181. demand sth. of sb. 向某人要求(非物质的)东西.demand sth. from sb. 向某人要求(物质的)东西182.in demand有需求;on demand受到要求时184. deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物185. derive…from=obtain…from从…取得,由…来的.derive from=comefrom起源于186. despair of =lose all hope of 绝望187. in despair 绝望188. despite =in spite of不管, 尽管189. in detail 详细地190. deviate from 偏离, 不按…办192. differ from…in 与…的区别在于…194. discharge sb. (from)…for =dismiss sb. from a job for因…解雇, 开除195. fall back =retreat, turn back 撤退;in disorder 慌乱地, 狼狈不堪196. on display=being shown publicly陈列197. dispose of =get rid of ,throw away处理掉198. beyond dispute不容争议的,无可争议199. in dispute 在争议中200. in the distance 在远处. make out 辩认出201. (be) distinct from = be different from与…截然不同202. distinguish between =make or recognize differences 辨别203. distinguish…from 把…与…区别开204. do away with=get rid of;abolish; discard, eliminate 除去,废除,取消;do away with =kill杀掉, 镇压205. have…to do with 与…有关系206. without doubt =undoubtedly无可置疑地207. in doubt=in a condition of uncertainty对…表示疑惑208. be due to 是由于209. come off duty 下班210. go on duty 上班211. be on duty 值班, 值日, 在上班时212. be in duty bound to do=be required byone’s job or esp. by conscience有义务(做)214. by ear =play music frommemory without having seen it printed 凭记忆,不看乐谱215. have an ear for 对..有鉴赏力216. a word in one’s ear 私房话, 秘密话217. on earth 究竟, 到底, 全然219. at (one’s) ease = without worry or nervousness自在,不拘束220. put sb. at his / her ease =free sb. from worry or nervousness使某人感到无拘束221. economize on 节省222. have an effect on 对…有影响223. be in effect =be in operation有效224. go into effect生效 近: come into effect takeeffect be brought into effect225. in effect =in fact,really实际上226. give effect to =carry out 实行,使…生效227. to no effect 不起作用,没有取得任何效果228. (be) of no effect =useless 无效229. to the effect that 大意是…,主要内容是…230. to that effect 是那个意思的…231. emerge from ( =appear, become known ) 出现, 暴露(问题. 意见等)232. place(or put, lay) an emphasis on 强调, 把重点放在…上233. encourage sb. in 鼓励; encourage sb. in his/her work 鼓励某人工作;encourage sb. inhis/her idleness 怂恿某人游手好闲234. encourage sb. in …with sth. 用…鼓励某人做某事235. on end =continuously连续地236. (be) at an end =finished结束了237. no end of =very many/much 很多,大量238. in the end=finally, eventually 最终239. at one’s wit’s end 无法可想, 智穷计尽244. enter for 报名参加245. enter into (=begin) 开始(谈话, 谈判等)246. enter on / upon (=begin) 开始 (一个时代. 一种生涯. 一段任期等)247. be entitled to 有权…,有资格…249. be/feel equal to =have enough strength, ability etc.(某人)能胜任,能应付on equal terms(=onand equal footing)平等地250. be equipped with 装备有,装有251. (be) equivalent to=equal in value, amount, meaning相等于, 相当于252. in essence =in its/one’s nature本质上253. at all events = in anycase 不论怎样, 无论如何254. in any event 无论如何, 不管(将来)怎么样255. in the event that(=if) 假如, 如果. in the event 结果, 实际情况是(与but连用)256. in the event of=in case of万一,即使发生..时260. (an) exception to …的例外
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