高一英语语法梳理

高一时期的一些不可错过的英语语法知识点讲解。下面是我给大家整理的高一英语语法，供大家参阅!

汉语可说“阻止某人做某事”，但英语习惯上不能说 prevent sb to do sth，遇此情况可改说 prevent sb (from) doing sth或prevent sb’s doing sth。如：

■我们一定要防止疾病蔓延。

误：We must prevent the disease to spread.

正：We must prevent the disease (from) spreading.

■大雨使他不能来。

误：The rain prevented him to come.

正：The rain prevented his (from) coming.

正：The rain prevented his coming.

请看下面一题：

“He is _________ to win the match.” “Really? But I don’t think so”

A. easy B. difficult C. possible D. sure

【分析】此题应选D，其余三项均有可能误选，因为假若单纯从中文意思来看，其余三个答案均说得通。但问题是将A、B、C三项填入空格处均不合英语习惯。按英语习惯，easy 和difficult 后接不定式时，其主语(或逻辑主语)通常应是 it，而不能是具体的人或物，除非这个主语与其后不定式有动宾关系。如：

我做这工作很容易。

误：I’m very easy to do the work.

正：It is very easy for me to do the work. (用形式主语 it 作主语)

正：The work is very easy for me to do. (主语为具体的事物，但它与其后不定式有动宾关系，即 to do the work)

我们很难准时赶到那儿。

误：We are very difficult to get there in time.

正：It is very difficult for us to get there in time. (用形式主语 it 作主语)

比较：He is very difficult to work with. 他这个人很难相处。(用具体的人作主语，但它与其后不定式具有动宾关系，即 to work with him)

有时不是用 it 作形式主语，而是用其作形式宾语。如：

We found it easy to do the work. 我们发现做这工作很容易。

但是不说：We found him easy to do work.

至于，possible 后接不定式时，其主语只能是 it，不能是具体的人或事物，即使该主语与其后的不定式有动宾关系也不可以。如：

我们有可能会找到一些更便宜的。

误：We are possible to find some cheaper ones.

误：Some cheaper ones are possible for us to find.

正：It is possible for us to find some cheaper ones.

有时不是用 it 作形式主语，而是用其作形式宾语。如：

We found it possible for him to do the work. 我们发现他可能做那工作。

但不说：We found him possible to do the work.

请看下面一题：

I think he is _________ to win, but I’m not sure.

A. possible B. likely C. impossible D. certain

从语意上看，D肯定不能选;从英语习惯上看，A和C也不能选(原因见上一题);此题最佳答案为B。请再看几例：

He is likely to arrive a bit late. 他可能会晚到一会儿。

It’s likely that he will go abroad. 他可能会出国。

注意：虽然 possible 和 likely 均可表示“可能”，但两者的搭配是不同的，即可说 someone is likely to do sth，但不能说 someone is possible to do sth。如：

他有可能会同她一道去。

正：He is likely to go with her.

正：It’s likely that he will go with her.

误：He is possible to go with her.

正：It’s possible that he will go with her.

请看下面一题：

It is so difficult a problem that _________ student in this class _________ work it out.

A. any, can’t B. no, can C. every, can D. no, can’t

【分析】此题很容易误选A，因为从句意上看，选A可将此句理解为“这个问题是如此之难，这个班任何一个学生都不可能做出来”。但按英语习惯，any(任何一个)作为非肯定句，它只能出现在否定词 not 之后，而不能在其前，即可说 not any, 但不说 any not。所以正确答案应选B。又如：

这工作太难了，恐怕谁也干不了。

正：The work is too difficult. I’m afraid no one can do it.

误：The work is too difficult. I’m afraid any one can’t do it.

什么也阻碍不了我同她结婚。

正：Nothing can prevent me from marrying her.

误：Anything can’t prevent me from marrying her.

类似地，either (两者中的任意一个)作为非肯定词，它也应出现在否定词之后，而不能出现在否定词之前。如：

这两兄弟都不聪明。

正：Neither of the brothers is clever.

误：Either of the brothers is not clever.