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孔子 英文：Confucius, Confucious; 汉语拼音: Kǒng zǐ ，公元前551年9月28日（农历八月廿七）～公元前479年4月11日（农历二月十一），名丘，字仲尼，(汉族，春秋时期鲁国人。)孔子是我国古代伟大的教育家、政治家和思想家，儒家学派创始人，世界最著名的文学名人之一。编撰了我国第一部编年体史书《春秋》。据有关记载，孔子出生于鲁国陬邑昌平乡（今山东省曲阜市东南的南辛镇鲁源村）；孔子逝世时，享年73岁，葬于曲阜城北泗水之上，即今日孔林所在地。孔子的言行思想主要载于语录体散文集《论语》及先秦和秦汉保存下来的典籍中。 据《史记·孔子世家》记载，孔子的祖先本是殷商后裔。周灭商后，周武王封商纣王的庶兄，商朝忠正的名臣微子启于宋。 微子启死后，其弟微仲即位，微仲即为孔子的先祖。自孔子的六世祖孔父嘉之后，后代子孙开始以孔为姓，其曾祖父孔防叔为了逃避宋国内乱，从宋国逃到了鲁国。孔子的父亲叔梁纥（叔梁为字，纥为名）是鲁国出名的勇士，叔梁纥先娶施氏曜英，生九女而无一子，其妾生一子孟皮，但有足疾。在当时的情况下，女子和残疾的儿子都不宜继嗣。叔梁纥晚年与年轻女子颜征再生下孔子。由于孔子的母亲曾去尼丘山祈祷，然后怀下孔子，又因孔子刚出生时头顶的中间凹下，像尼丘山；故起名为丘，字仲尼（仲为第二的意思，叔梁纥的长子为孟皮，孟为第一的意思）。孔子三岁的时候，叔梁纥病逝，之后，孔子的家境相当贫寒。由于种种原因，孔子在政治上没有过大的作为，但在治理鲁国的三个月中，足见孔子无愧于杰出政治家的称号。政治上的不得意，使孔子可将很大一部分精力用在教育事业上。孔子曾任鲁国司寇，后携弟子周游[1]列国，最终返回鲁国，专心执教。孔子打破了教育垄断，开创了私学先驱。孔子弟子多达三千人，其中贤人七十二，其中有很多皆为各国高官栋梁。 孔子对后世影响深远，虽说他“述而不作”，但他在世时已被誉为“天纵之圣”、“天之木铎”、“千古圣人”，是当时社会上最博学者之一。后世并尊称他为“至圣”（圣人之中的圣人）、“万世师表”，认为他曾修《诗》《书》，定《礼》 《乐》，序《周易》，作《春秋》。《论语》是儒家学派的经典著作之一，由孔子的弟子及其再传弟子编撰而成。它以语录体和对话文体为主，记录了孔子及其弟子言行，集中体现了孔子的政治主张、伦理思想、道德观念及教育原则等。与《大学》、《中庸》、《孟子》并称“四书”。通行本《论语》共二十篇。《论语》的语言简洁精炼,含义深刻,其中有许多言论至今仍被世人视为至理。 孔子（前551－前479）春秋末期思想家、政治家、教育家，儒学学派的创始人。因父母曾为生子而祷于尼丘山，故名丘，字仲尼。鲁国陬邑（今山东曲阜东南）人。曾修《诗》、《书》，定《礼》、《乐》，序《周易》，作《春秋》。孔子的思想及学说对后世产生了极其深远的影响。英文译名：Kongzi或Confucius.学术贡献少“贫且贱”，及长，曾任“委吏”（司会计）和“乘田”（管畜牧）等事。学无常师，相传曾问礼于老聃，学乐于苌弘，学琴于师襄。聚徒讲学，从事政治活动。年五十，由鲁国中都宰升任司寇，摄行相事。后又曾周游宋、卫、陈、蔡、齐、楚等国，自称“如有用我者，吾其为东周乎？”终为见用。晚年致力教育，整理《诗》、《书》等古代文献，并删修鲁史官所记《春秋》，成为中国第一部编年体历史著作。相传先后有三千人弟子，其中著名者七十馀人（贤人）。其思想以“仁”核心，以为“仁”即“爱人”。提出“己所不欲，勿施于人”，“己欲立而立人，己欲达而达人”等论点，提倡“忠恕”之道，又以为推行“仁政”应以“礼”为规范：“克己复礼为仁”。对于殷周以来的鬼神宗教迷信，采取存疑态度，以为“未知生，焉知事鬼”，“不知命，无以为君子也”。又注重“学”与“思”的结合，提出“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆”和“温故而知新”等观点。首创私人讲学风气，主张因材施教，“有教无类”，“学而不厌，诲人不倦”，强调“君子学道则爱人，小人学道则易使也”。政治上提出“正名”主张，以为“君君、臣臣、父父、子子”，都应实副其“名”，并提出“不患而患不均，不患贫而患不安”观点。自西汉以后，孔子学说成为两千余年封建社会的文化正统，影响极大。现存《论语》一书，记载有孔子与门人的问答，是研究孔子学说的主要资料。生平经历子曰：“吾十有五而志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。”这是孔子对自己一生各阶段的总结.孔子3岁丧父，随母亲颜征在移居阙里，并受其教。孔子幼年，“为儿嬉戏，常陈俎豆，设礼容”。少时家境贫寒，15岁立志于学。及长，做过管理仓库的“委吏”和管理牛羊的“乘田”。他虚心好学，学无常师，相传曾问礼于老聃，学乐于苌弘，学琴于师襄。30岁时，已博学多才，成为当地较有名气的一位学者，并在阙里收徒授业，开创私人办学之先河。其思想核心是“仁”，“仁”即“爱人”。他把“仁”作为行仁的规范和目的，使“仁”和“礼”相互为用。主张统治者对人民“道之以德，齐之以礼”，从而再现“礼乐征伐自天子出”的西周盛世，进而实现他一心向往的“大同”理想。孔子35岁时，因鲁国内乱而奔齐。为了接近齐景公，做了齐国贵族高昭子的家臣。次年，齐景公向孔子询问政事，孔子说：“君要象君，臣要象臣，父要象父，子要象子。”景公极为赞赏，欲起用孔子，因齐相晏婴从中阻挠，于是作罢。欲起用不久返鲁，继续钻研学问，培养弟子。51岁时，任鲁国中都宰（今汶上西地方官）。由于为政有方，“一年，四方皆则之”52岁时由中都宰提升为鲁国司空、大司寇。公元前500年（鲁定公十年），鲁、齐夹谷之会，孔子提出“有文事者必有武备，有武事者必有文备”。齐景公欲威胁鲁君就范，孔子以礼斥责景公，保全了国格，使齐侯不得不答应定盟和好，并将郓、龟阴三地归还鲁国。孔子54岁时，受季桓子委托，摄行相事。他为了提高国君的权威，提出“堕三都”、抑三桓（鲁三家大夫）的主张，结果遭到三家大夫的反对，未能成功。55岁时，鲁国君臣接受了齐国所赠的文马美女，终日迷恋声色。孔子则大失所望，遂弃官离鲁，带领弟子周游列国，另寻施展才能的机会，此间“干七十余君”，终无所遇。前484年（鲁哀公十一年），鲁国季康子听了孔子弟子冉有的劝说，才派人把他从卫国迎接回来。孔子回到鲁国，虽被尊为“国老”，但仍不得重用。他也不再求仕，乃集中精力继续从事教育及文献整理工作。一生培养弟子三千余人，身通六艺（礼、乐、射、御、书、数）者七十二人。在教学实践中，总结出一整套教育理论，如因材施教、学思并重、举一反三、启发诱导等教学原则和学而不厌、诲人不倦的教学精神，及“知之为知之，不知为不知”和“不耻下问”的学习态度，为后人所称道。他先后删《诗》、《书》，订《礼》、《乐》，修《春秋》,对中国古代文献进行了全面整理。老而喜《易》，曾达到“韦编三绝”的程度。69岁时，独子孔鲤去世。71岁时，得意门生颜回病卒。孔子悲痛至极，哀叹道：“天丧予！天丧予！”这一年，有人在鲁国西部捕获了一只叫麟的怪兽，不久死去。他认为象征仁慈祥瑞的麒麟出现又死去，是天下大乱的不祥之兆，便停止了《春秋》一书的编撰。72岁时，突然得知子仲由在卫死于国难，哀痛不已。次年（前479年）夏历二月，孔子寝疾7日，赍志而殁。孔子一生的主要言行，经其弟子和再传弟子整理编成《论语》一书，成为后世儒家学派的经典。
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孔子资料孔子资料孔丘(公元前551～前479)中国春秋末期思想家和教育家，儒家学派的创始人。字仲尼，世人尊称孔子。春秋鲁国陬邑（今山东曲阜东南）人。 贫贱而好学的少年时代 孔子少时“贫且贱”，年15岁立志求学，通过私人传授，博习诗书礼乐。约30岁，在曲阜城北设学舍，开始私人讲学。颜渊、曾点、子路等是最早的弟子。50岁任鲁国中都宰，继升司寇，不久去职，率弟子历游宋、卫、陈、蔡、齐、楚等国。志欲改良时政，复兴周礼，然终不见用。在外14年,68岁重返鲁国，政治上仍不得志，乃专力从事讲学和著述，直到逝世，弟子达3000人，身通六艺者70余人。 孔子在当时已有“圣人”之称,自西汉罢黜百家,独尊儒术，经过孔子整理传授的儒家经典五经，被定为必读的教科书，儒家学说由此成为中国封建文化的核心，对整个封建时代的政治生活和精神生活起着指导的作用，从积极方面和消极方面都给中国文化教育的发展以极其深刻的影响。 为政以德的政治主张 孔子主张“为政以德”，认为法治具有强制性，只能约束人们的外部行 为；德治具有感化力，才能影响人们的心灵。还认为人才不能依靠自然成长，必须经由教育培养。为此而创办私学，以造就改良政治需要的“贤才”。孔子称“贤才”为“君子”（“士”或“成人”），要求“君子”首先必须是道德完善的人，能以身作则；把“修己以安百姓”作为最高的政治理想和教育的根本出发点。 性近习远的教育理论 孔子最早探讨了人性的问题，认为人的天赋素质是相近的，个性差异是后天习染造成的，只要获得良好的学习条件，加上主观的努力，都可以养成“君子”的品德。以这种人性观为依据，主张“有教无类”，除奴隶以外，不分贫富、贵贱、贤愚、种族和地区，任何人都可以入学。这种教学观念冲破了宫廷的藩篱，与社会发生广泛联系，扩大了人才的来源，从而推动了已经开始的文化下移运动，促进私学进一步发展，为战国诸子蜂起，百家争鸣开辟了道路。 名人姓名：老子 出生年代：前571-471 名人职称：我国人民熟知的一位古代伟大思想家、道家之祖 名人国家：中国（楚国）相关介绍： 老子，姓李，名耳，字伯阳，谥曰聃，楚国苦县（今鹿邑县）人。约生活于前571年至471年之 间 曾做过周朝的守藏史。老子幼年牧牛耕读，聪颖勤快。晚年在故里陈国居住，后出关赴秦讲 学，死于扶风 。 名人名言网欢迎您的光临 老子遗留下来的著作，仅有《五千文》即《道德经》，也叫《老子》。它是 老子用韵文写成的一部哲理诗。它是道家的主要精典著作，也是研究老子哲 学思想的直接材料。其《五千文》被日、前苏联、德、英等国视为古代哲学 中的奇葩而译出版。美周《纽约时报》列其为世界十大古代作家之首。 名人名言网欢迎您的光临 《道德经》一书是一个唯物主义体系，并具有朴素辩证法思想。它宣扬自然 无为的天道观和无神论。其唯物主义体系的核心是“道”，老子反对天道有 知，提出了天道无为的思想以及“道常无为，而无不为”的思想，即道是构 成万物的基础，道并不是意志有目的的构成世界万物，道是世界万物自身的 规律 。 名人名言网欢迎您的光临 老子是我国人民熟知的一位古代伟大思想家，他所撰述的《道德经》开创了 我国古代哲学思想的先河。他的哲学思想和由他创立的道家学派，不但对我 国古代思想文化的发展，作出了重要贡献，而且对我国2000多年来思想文化 的发展，产生了深远的影响。 名人名言网欢迎您的光临 老子春秋时期思想家，哲学家，道家学派的创始人，道教奉为教主或教祖，尊为“道德天尊”，列三清尊神之一。 名人名言网欢迎您的光临 《老子西升化胡经.序说第一》：“以为圣人生有老容，故号为老子”。《史记卷六十三．老庄申韩列传》内载“老子者，楚苦县厉乡曲仁里(河南鹿邑东)人也。姓李氏，名耳，字伯阳，谥曰聃(耳外轮平而卷不日聃)；固守藏之史也。”“或曰儋即老子，或曰非也，世莫知其然否。老子，隐君子也。” 名人名言网欢迎您的光临 老子见周室衰乱，于是西行出函谷关时，应关令尹喜之请，遗五千文，即《老子》（又名《老子道德经》、《道德五千文》、《道德经》等），后不知所终。 名人名言网欢迎您的光临 《史记卷六十三·老子韩非列传第三》有：孔子适周，问礼于老子，老子曰：“子所言者其人与骨皆已朽矣，独其言存耳？且君子得其时则驾，不得其时，则蓬累而行。吾闻之良贾深藏若虚，君子盛德，容貌若愚。去子之骄气与多欲，态色与淫志，是皆无益于子之身，吾所以告子，若是而已。”孔子去，谓其弟子曰：“鸟，吾知其能飞；鱼，吾知其能游；兽，吾知其能走；走者可以为网，游者可以为纶，飞者可以为矰，至于龙，吾不能知其乘风云而上天。吾今日见老子，其犹龙邪！” 名人名言网欢迎您的光临 老子西行至函谷关，关令尹喜曰：“子将隐矣，强为我着书”。于是老子著书上下篇，言道德之意五千余言而去，莫知其所终。 其后，庄子作《南华经》以阐述道德之义，其对道家之重要，如孟子之对于孔子。使老子之学成为道家之祖。 名人名言网欢迎您的光临 自西汉初期老子受到尊崇后，历朝历代都不乏老子显灵之说，特别是在道教正式形成之后。汉桓帝时，边韶撰的《老子铭》中称“老子道成仙化，蝉蜕渡世，自羲农以来，世为圣者作师。”到了唐代，李氏攀宗认祖，唐高宗乾封元年（公元666）尊老子为“太上玄元皇帝”。《老子想尔注》，谓“道散为气，聚形为太上老君”，俨然创世主。 名人名言网欢迎您的光临思想与著述：老子的思想集中于《老子道德经》（关于该书是否肯定为老子所作，历来尚有争议），这是他唯一的传世之作，书中所述基本上反映了他的思想。 他用“道”来概括宇宙万物的生成与演变——“道生一，一生二，二生三”、“天下万物生于有，有生于无”；什么是道呢？“道可道、非常道”，是“有物混成，先天地生，寂兮寥兮，独立不改，周行不殆，可以为天下母；吾不知其名，字之曰道，强为之名曰大，大曰逝，逝曰远，远曰反”。 名人名言网欢迎您的光临 道是客观自然规律，又具有永恒绝对的本体的意义。他提出“反者道之动”，指出一切事物都有正反两方面的对立，认为事物的变化都是有和无的统一，意识到对立面的互相转化，并提出“祸兮福之所倚，福兮祸之所伏”。 名人名言网欢迎您的光临 他还主张“柔弱胜刚强”。他教导后世应“虚其心，实其腹，弱其志，强其骨。常使名无欲，使夫智者所不敢为也；为无为，则无不治(为)”。他热爱和平“以道佐人主者，不以兵强天下，其事好还，师之所处荆棘生焉；大军之后，必有凶年”、反对无谓的战争“夫佳兵者不详之器，……非君子之器，不得已而用之”。他指出“民之饥，以其上食税者多，是以饥”并奉劝统治者“民不畏死，奈何以死惧之？”他描述了一个理想的王国“小国寡民，使民有什伯之器而不用，使民重死而不远徙，虽有舟舆，无所乘之，虽有甲兵，无所陈之，使人复结绳而用之，甘其食，美其服，安其居，乐其俗，邻国相望，鸡犬之音相闻，民至老死不相往来” 名人名言网欢迎您的光临 总之，《老子道德经》的内容博大精深，历代注疏者不计其数，各家各派学者都从不同角度吸取其中的观点并加以阐发。他对中国哲学史有不可或缺的影响，对中华民族的贡献也是无可估量的。
星不所在
孔子,中国著名的大思想家、大教育家。是儒家学派的创始人。下面是我为你整理的关于孔子的英文简介，希望对你有用!
Confucius (September 28, 551 BC - April 11, 479 BC), sub-surname, Kong, Mingqiu, word Zhongni, Lu Guoyi people (now Shandong Qufu), ancestral home Song Li Li ( This summer Xia Yi), China's famous big thinker, big educator. Confucius pioneered the atmosphere of private lectures, the founder of the Confucian school.
Confucius had been employed by Lao Tzu, led some of the disciples travel around the country for fourteen years, the late revision of six classics, namely, "poetry" "book" "ceremony" "music" "easy" "Spring and Autumn." According to legend, he has three disciples, of which seventy-two sage. After the death of Confucius, his disciples and their disciples to Confucius and his disciples of words and deeds and thoughts recorded, compiled into the Confucian classics "The Analects of Confucius."
Confucius in ancient times was revered as "heavenly holy", "days of wood duo", was one of the most scholars in the community at that time, was later rulers respect for the saints, holy, holy first division, Dacheng The holy text of the beginning of the first division, million Shi table. Its Confucianism has a far-reaching impact on China and the world, Confucius was listed as "the world's top ten cultural celebrities" first. Confucius was revered as the ancestor of Confucianism (non-Confucianism). With the expansion of Confucius influence, Confucius worship became once and even God, and the ancestral god of the country.
Aristocratic origin
Confucius's ancestors are Song's aristocracy, the ancestors of the Shang Dynasty founding monarch Shang Tang. After the beginning of the three prison chaos, in order to appease the aristocracy and descendants of the Shang Dynasty, Zhou Gong to Zhou Cheng Wang ordered the closure of Zhou Zhou's scholar micro-child Kai Shangqiu established Song Guo, Feng Yin Shang worship. Micro-child after the death of his brother Wei Zhong ascended the throne, micro-Zhong is the fifteen ancestors of Confucius Six ancestors were Confucius, said Kong father Jia. Confucius is the master of the Song Dynasty, was a large Sima, sealed in the Song Dynasty Liyi (now Henan Xia Yi), and later in the court of civil strife was too Zha Zhihua killed. Confucius father of the father of Confucius, Shu Lianghe to avoid the Song Dynasty war fled to Lu country's eup (now Shandong Qufu) settled, The official office for the 陬 town doctor.
Sage
Shu Liang He's wife Shi Shi, gave birth to nine daughters but not a son, concubine gave birth to his eldest son Meng Pi, Meng Pi foot disease, Shu Liang He is not satisfied. So Shu Lianghe asked Yan to her three daughters among the legislature as a concubine, Yan's uncle Liang Liang old and impatient, so seek the views of three daughters. Elders and second women do not agree, only the little daughter Yan Zheng in (Yan Zheng in) willing to marry Shu Liang Hehe.
Yan Zheng in the year under the age of twenty years old, and Shu Liang He has sixty-six years old, the age difference between the poor, the two married at the ceremony is different, the couple lived in the Nepalese and pregnant, so that "wild." Confucius in Lu Xianggong in October twenty-two years (Julian calendar 551 BC; Gregorian calendar on September 28, 551. About the birth date of Confucius there are two records, a difference of one year, generally according to " Confucius family "said.) Shen Shi in the town of Changping Township was born.
Confucius Health and seven leaks, the head of the top of the altar (meaning the head depression), but because of his mother had prayer in the mountain, named "Qiu", the word "Zhongni".
Early experience
Lu Xianggong twenty-four years (549 BC), Confucius at the age of three, Shu Liang He died, buried in the anti. After the death of Liang Lianghe, Yan Zheng in the loss of blessing, was Shu Lianghe wife Shi Shi's by, so with Confucius Shu brother Meng Pi and Confucius to Qu Fu Que, lived a poor life.
Lu Zhaogong five years (537 BC), Confucius see its long, has been aware of efforts to study the skills of life and life, so called himself though fifteen years old, but the ambition is to learn.
Lu Zhaogong seven years (535 BC), Confucius's mother Yan Zheng died. This year, the quarterly feast of a nobility, Confucius went to dinner, was Ji 's family Yang Yang shut the door.
Lu Zhaogong nine years (533 BC), Confucius has been nineteen years old, in order to be able to often return to the ancestral home Song worship ancestors, they marry the Song of the people of the daughter of the wife.
Into the career
Lu Zhaogong ten years (532 BC), Qi Guan's son. It is said that at this time just to catch up with Lu Zhaogong carp in Confucius, so give his son named carp, the word fish. Confucius since the 20-year-old, wanted to take career, so the world is very concerned about the matter, the governance of the country's various problems, often thinking, but also often published some insights. Confucius began to serve as a commissioner, management warehouse.
Lu Zhaogong eleven years (531 BC), Confucius changed to ride, management of animal husbandry. Confucius childhood life difficult, so will do some rough work.
Lu Zhaogong seventeen years (525 BC), Tan came to see Lu Guo, Confucius asked Tan to the ancient state of Tan country. Confucius runs a private school before and after.
Lu Zhaogong twenty years (522 BC), Confucius to 30 years old, has some fame, so claiming to be 30 years old before and after the achievements. This year, Qi Jinggong and Yan Ying to visit Lu when summoned Confucius, and he discussed the issue of domination of Qin Mougong, Confucius met Qi Jinggong.
Lu Zhaogong twenty-four years (BC 518), Meng Yizi and the South Palace King Shu learn from Confucius. According to legend, Confucius and the palace of the uncle of the week asked the ceremony in the old Dan, asked happy Changhong.
Lu country civil strife
Lu Zhaogong twenty-five years (517 BC), Lu occurred civil strife. Lu Zhaogong was forced to flee to Qi, Confucius also left Lu, to Qi, Qi Jinggong by the appreciation and favor, and even prepared to Nixi area of the field sealed to Confucius, but was stopped by the doctor Yan Ying.
Lu Zhaogong twenty-six years (BC 516), Qi Jinggong asked the government in Confucius, Confucius said the king to be like a king, the minister to be like a minister, the father to be like a father, son like a son. Confucius got the appreciation of Qi Jinggong, King of the prince to Nixi of the territory of Confucius, Yan was blocked. Confucius in the smell of "Shao" music, such as drunk, March do not know meat.
Lu Zhaogong twenty-seven years (515 BC), Qi's doctor would like to impose Confucius, Confucius heard after the Qi Jing Gong for help, Qi Jinggong said he was old, can not be used. Confucius had fled back to Lu.
Lu Zhaogong twenty-eight years (514 BC), Jin Wei Xianzi in power, Juxian regardless of sparse. Confucius believes that this is the righteousness, in the near will not be buried with their close and virtuous people, in the distance will not be buried by the people who are recommended and virtuous people, it can be said to be righteous.
Lu Zhaogong twenty-nine years (513 BC) winter, Jin cast torture tripod tripod Confucius believes that the demise of Jin, mainly because the rulers do not have a good system and program.
Lu Zhaogong three years (512 BC), Confucius has 40 years old, Confucius after several decades of tempering, a variety of problems with life have a clear understanding, so claiming 40 years old is not puzzled.
Out of repair
Lu Dinggong six years (504 years ago), Ji family chen Yang tiger right to re-weight. Confucius called the housekeeping. So Confucius did not take office, retired and repair "poetry", "book", "ceremony", "music", many disciples followed Confucius traveled all over the country, follow him to learn. Yang tiger want to see Confucius, and Confucius did not want to see Yang tiger, then the two met on the road. Yang tiger to persuade Confucius, Confucius did not clear position, then Confucius was promoted to Sagong.
Lu Dinggong eleven years (499 BC), Confucius was promoted to Lu Guodian Secretary Kou, photo things, seven days and punish less Zhengmao, exposed dead three days, Lu Guozhi.
Leave Lu country
Lu Dinggong twelve years (BC 498), Confucius to weaken the three huan (Ji Sun's, Shu Sun, Meng Sun's three world, because it is Luhuan Gong's three sons of the offspring, so called Sanhuan. At that time the real power of the state of Lu in their hands, and Sanhuan some of the retainers in varying degrees to control the three huan) to take the three measures are destroyed, demolished the castle built by Sanhuan. And later destroyed three of the action halfway, Confucius and Sanhuan contradictions also will be exposed.
Lu Dinggong thirteen years (497 BC) spring, Qi sent 80 beauty to Lu country. Ji Huanzi accepted the female music, monarch and minister obsessed with song and dance, many days ignore the government. Confucius and Jishi appear discord. Confucius is very disappointed. Soon after Lu's suburbs were sacrificed, sacrifices were given to the daughters and sent to Confucius by convention. This shows that Jishi did not want to appoint him again. Confucius left Lu in the last resort and went abroad to find a way out, Began a journey around the country, this year, Confucius 55 years old.
Travel around the country
Lu Dinggong fourteen years (BC 496), Confucius led his disciples to leave the country came to the country. Confucius in the Wei Guo was Wei Linggong wife Nanzi summoned. Confucius' disciple gave criticism of Confucius on the subject of Confucius seeing Nanzi. Zheng's son died, Confucius heard the news, very sad, praised the sub-production is handed down from the ancient people of mercy.
Confucius with his disciples first to the Guardian, Wei Ling public began to respect the Confucius, according to Lu's salary standard issued to the Confucius salary Yu 60,000, but did not give him any official, did not let him participate in political affairs. Confucius lived in Wei Guo for about 10 months, because some people in the Wei Ling Gong forward calumny, Wei Ling Gong Confucius from the suspicion, sent to openly monitor the action of Confucius, so Confucius with disciples left the country, intended to Chen The
Confucius passing Kuangcheng (now Henan Suixian), due to misunderstanding was besieged 5 days, fleeing Kuancheng, to the land, but also hit the guardian of the nobility of the United States launched a rebellion, once again surrounded. After the escape, Confucius returned to the country, Wei Ling public heard Confucius mentoring return from the land, very happy, personally meet the city. Confucius several times after leaving the country, and several times back to the country, this is because Wei Ling Gong Confucius good and bad, on the other hand, Confucius left the country, there is no place, had to return to the country.
Lu Dinggong fifteen years (495 BC), Confucius left the country back to Lu.
Lu Ai Gong year (494 BC), Wu made people to hire Lu, "joint car" asked Confucius.
Lu Ai Gong two years (493 BC), Confucius from the country came to the country. Wei Ling public question array in Confucius, Confucius politely refused to Wei Ling public. Confucius does not live in Wei Guo, leaving Wei Guo westbound. After Cao to Song. Song Ma Huan hated Confucius, threatened to harm Confucius, Confucius micro-service line.
59-year-old Confucius left the Wei Guo Jing Cao, Song Guo, Zheng Guo to Chen Guo, Chen Guo then sent a servant to the Confucius mentor besieged in the halfway, before the village, not after the shop, with food Finished, the food for seven days, the last son of the tribute to find Chu, Chu sent troops to pay homage to Confucius, Confucius mentor was removed from death.
Lu Ai Gong three years (492 BC), Confucius sixty years old, said his own time, can correctly treat a variety of remarks, do not feel smooth. Confucius was too Zheng to Chen Guo, in the city of Zheng and his disciples lost in the East Gate waiting for his disciples to find, was ridiculed, said his depressed look like a funeral dog.
Lu Ai Gong four years (491 BC), Confucius left Chen Guo, came to Cai.
Lu Ai public five years (490 BC), Confucius came from Cai Guo Ye country. Ye Guogun left the government to Confucius and discussed with Confucius about the moral issues of integrity. On the way to leave Cai country to return to Cai, Confucius met an anonymous person.
Lu Ai Gong six years (489 BC), Confucius and his disciples in Chen Guo, Cai Guo suffered between the food, many disciples because of hungry hunger, after the Chu people to save. Returned from the country by the Wei Guoguo, on the way and hidden friends.
Lu Ai Gong seven years (488 BC), Confucius returned to the country, advocated in the country for the government to name the first name.
Lu Ei eight years (487 BC), Wu country crusade against Lu, Wu defeated. Confucius' disciples have meritorious service.
Lu Ai Gong ten years (485 BC), Confucius in the Wei, Confucius's wife Qi Guan's death.
Lu Ai Gong eleven years (484 BC), Qi sent factions to Lu, Confucius disciples Ran seeking handsome division and Qi war, won. Ji Kangzi asked Ran to command from where to come, Ran said to learn from Confucius. 68-year-old Confucius in his disciples Ran seeking the effort, the quarter Kangzi sent to the currency of Confucius to Lu. Confucius traveled around the country for 14 years. Confucius is still determined to be in politics, but still being honored. Ji Kangzi want to perform Tian Fu, Confucius opposed. Ran has to say that a person's behavior is not a gentleman's behavior, should use his ritual to judge. Charity, will pay from the heavy. When doing things, will do the middle of the line. When you die, you will be buried on their own.
Back to Lu
During the twelve years (483 BC), Confucius continued to pursue education and order work. This winter, the son of Confucius hole carp died.
Lu Ai Gong thirteen years (482 BC), Confucius has 70 years old, said he was acting at this time can not go beyond the rules.
Confucius in the troubled times advocated by the benevolent government did not cast space, but in the three months of the rule of Lu, the powerful Qi also fear the talent of Confucius, shows that Confucius worthy of the title of outstanding politicians. Political disagreement, so that Confucius will be a large part of the energy used in education. Confucius served as Lu Guoshen Kou, after carrying his disciples travel around the country, to the East to ask me. Eventually returned to Lu, concentrate on coaching. Confucius broke the monopoly of education, created a private school pioneer, disciples up to three thousand people, including sage seventy-two, is the famous seventy-two Magi. Seventy-two people in many countries for the senior officials pillars, but also for the Confucian school continued glory. This "seventy-two Magi", and a few times back to Confucius is the favorite disciple.
This year, Yan back to his death, Confucius is very sad, feeling to the past had to follow their own from Chen Guo to Cai students, but at this time are not taught around.
Lu Ai Gong fourteen years (481 BC) spring, West hunting was Lin. Confucius thought it was not a good sign, saying that I was poor. So stop repair "Spring and Autumn". In June the same year, Qi Guo Chen Hengqi Qi Qiu Gong, Confucius fast bathing for three days, Confucius see Lu Ai public, asked Lu to send troops to crusade Chen Heng, did not get support. Confucius and Ji Sun asked to send troops, the results were rejected.
Driving the crane back to the West
Lu Ai Gong fifteen years (480 BC), Confucius another proud of the child died in the United States and civil strife, but also chop into the meat sauce. After this series of blows, Confucius knew he was not much time.
On the fourth day of February (April 4, 479 BC), Zigong came to see Confucius, and Confucius was able to cross the door in front of him. He asked the tribute why so late to see themselves. So sigh that Taishan will collapse, beam pillars will be broken decay, and philosophers will be like vegetation as withered rot. Confucius shed tears, talked about the world has been a long time for a long time, no one is willing to adopt their own ideas. Own ideas can not be achieved. Xia Dynasty people died in the East Side funeral, the people of the week when the death of the West in the funeral, the Shang Dynasty died when the two between the column. Yesterday evening dreamed of sitting between the two Ying memorial, his ancestors is the businessman ah.
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