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首页 > 英语培训 > 英语语法基本结构

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xiaotingzi

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英语词性缩写n = 名词,noun的缩写u = 不可数名词,uncountable noun的缩写c = 可数名词,countable noun的缩写v = 动词, verb的缩写vi = 不及物动词,intransitive verb的缩写vt = 及物动词,transitive verb的缩写aux.v = 助动词 ,auxiliary verb的缩写model verb情态动词conj = 连接词 ,conjunction的缩写adj. = 形容词,adjective的缩写adv.= 副词,adverb的缩写art. = 冠词,article的缩写prep = 介词;preposition的缩写pron = 代名词,pronoun的缩写num = 数词,numeral的缩写int. = 感叹词,interjection的缩写英文基本句式介绍: 五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。这五个基本句式如下:S十V主谓结构S十V十P主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构(说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=补语)2S十V在此句式中,V是不及物动词,又叫自动词(vi.)。例如:He runs quickly.他跑得快。They listened carefully.他们听得很仔细。He suffered from cold and hunger.他挨冻受饿。China belongs to the third world country.中国属于第三世界国家。The gas has given out.煤气用完了。My ink has run out.我的钢笔水用完了。3S十V十P在此句式中,V是系动词(link v.),常见的系动词有:look,seem,appear,sound,feel,taste,smell,grow,get,fall ill/asleep,stand/sit still,become,turn等。例如:He is older than he looks.他比看上去要老。

英语语法基本结构

331 评论(13)

上海花满屋

英语句子的构成要素

在深入解析不同类型的英语句子结构及相关规则之前,必须要先了解下面这些术语的含义。

主语和谓语

最基本的英语句子通常有个两部分:一个主语和一个谓语。主语指的是句子中执行动作的人或物;谓语可以为我们提供跟主语有关的一些信息。

以下面这个句子为例:“I walk the dog.”(我遛狗。)在这句话里,I 是主语,即动作执行者。

而 walk the dog 是谓语,表述的是主语的动作。

我们再来多看几个例句,其中粗体和斜体分别表示主语和谓语。

I study at a public university.

我在一所公立大学学习。

Rajesh works at a marketing firm.

拉杰什在一家营销公司工作。

She likes the color purple a lot.

她非常喜欢紫色。

主句和从句

主句和从句都包含主语和谓语,

主句可以作为一个完整的句子,从句则必须要跟主句放在一起才能表达完整的意思。

317 评论(9)

冬射未至

【英语】简单句的五种基本句型作者:佚名来源:天星教育网更新时间:2014-04-11 10:11点击:38286简单句是英语中的基本句子,了解和掌握这五种基本句型对学好英语极为重要。这五种基本句型是:1.主语+不及物动词(主谓结构)本结构是由主语加不及物动词构成,常用来表示主语的动作。此句型中不及物动词的常用法:(1)一般表达型。此类不及物动词常与表示时间、距离、重量、价值等的副词修饰语连用。如:They worked day and night. 他们夜以继日地工作。(2)主动形式表示被动含义型。此类动词常见的有:read, sell, wash, write, clean等。如:The theatre tickets sold well. 戏票很畅销。This kind of cloth washes well.这种布料很容易洗。2.主语+系动词+表语(主系表结构) 本结构是由"主语+系动词+表语"组成,主要用以说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。此句型中常见的系动词:be, become, come, get, smell, taste, feel, sound, remain, stay, appear, go, turn, fall, keep等。(1)主语+系动词+形容词(作表语) 如:That argument sounds reasonable. 那个论据听起来有道理。 It feels good to be home.在家的感觉真好。(2)主语+系动词+名词(作表语) 如:Later he became a scientist.他后来成为一个科学家。 He is a student. 他是个学生。(3)主语+系动词+副词、介词短语或反身代词(作表语) 如:He is near. 他在附近。 This is of importance. 这很重要。 You’re not looking yourself today. 今天你看上去气色不太好。 3. 主语+及物动词+宾语(主谓宾结构) 此结构是由"主语+谓语+宾语"构成。其中的谓语动词须是及物动词(短语),宾语须是名词或相当于名词的成分。(1)主语+及物动词+名词或代词(作宾语)如:He raised his arms above his head. 他把手臂举过头顶。 Will you spend your holidays abroad this year? 你今年去国外度假吗?(2)主语+及物动词+动名词(作宾语)。此类及物动词(短语)有:advise, consider, avoid, mind, miss, suggest, finish, practise, imagine, enjoy, delay, escape, feel like, put off, insist on, give up, can’t help, stick to等。如:I suggested taking a walk. 我建议去散步。You should not give up studying. 你不该放弃学习。(3)主语+及物动词+不定式(作宾语)。此类及物动词有:afford, agree, ask, expect, hope, want, wish, manage, pretend, decide, determine, learn, offer, plan, refuse等。如:I hope to go to college. 我希望上大学。The firm could not afford to pay such large salaries. 公司无法支付如此巨额的工资。(4)既可接动名词又可接不定式的及物动词。如:remember to do sth.记住要做某事/remember doing sth.记得曾做过某事;stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事/stop doing sth.停止做某事;forget to do sth.忘记去做某事/forget doing sth.忘了做过某事;regret to do sth.遗憾去做某事/regret doing sth.后悔做了某事;go on to do sth.做完一件事接着做另一件事/go on doing sth.继续做同一件事;try to do sth. 试图做某事/try doing sth.尝试着做某事等。如:Did you remember to feed the birds?你记着喂鸟了吗?I remember feeding the birds. 我记得已喂了鸟。4. 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(主谓+双宾语结构)此句型中常见的接双宾语的动词:(1)用to变换间接宾语的动词:give, hand, offer, show, throw, pass, pay, send, sell, tell, lend等。如:Could you give me the letter?或Could you give the letter to me? 你能把那封信递给我吗?Can you lend me that book? 或Can you lend that book to me? 你能把那本书借给我吗?(2)用for变换间接宾语的动词:make, buy, cook, find, get, order, sing, spare, fetch等。如:He bought me a bottle of ink. /He bought a bottle of ink for me.他为我买了一瓶墨水。Can you get me some stamps?或Can you get some stamps for me? 你能帮我拿些邮票吗?5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(主谓+复合宾语结构)此结构中宾语与宾语补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系,若无宾语补足语,则句意不完整。可以用作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词。此句型中常见的接宾语补足语的及物动词:(1)接名词作宾补的动词:find, think, elect, name, call, appoint, consider, make, leave等。如:They usually call the baby Dick. 他们通常叫那婴儿Dick。I would make him king over the earth. 我会让他当世界之王。(2)接形容词作宾补的动词:keep, get, make, leave, find, paint, set, turn, drive, call, cut, consider等。如:She will make him happy. 她将使他幸福。Please cut the stick short. 请把这根棍子砍短。(3)接分词、省略to的动词不定式等作宾补的及物动词:see, notice, hear, watch, observe等。如:He left me waiting in the rain. 他让我在雨中等。(4)接副词、介词短语等作宾补的动词有leave, put等。如:The police put the thief in prison. 警察把这小偷关进了监狱。(5)有些动词后常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面,这是英语中常用的句型,即"主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正的宾语"。常见动词有think, find, consider等。如:I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way. 我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。节选自

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最真的poor

英语句子的基本结构有五种:1. 主语+谓语(不及物动词)2. 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语3. 主语+系动词+表语4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语5. 主语+谓语+宾语+补语基本上所有句子的结构都是上述五个中的一个。可见主语、谓语、宾语、表语、补语属于句子的基本成分,定语、状语只是句子的限定成分,可以没有。而且状语的位置很灵活。

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糖姨是谁啊

回答如下:英语句子结构:1. 简单句。它包括“主语+谓语+其他,并列主语+ 谓语+其他,主语+ 并列谓语+其他”。例如:He works hard. We know her. The book is mine / on the desk. (主系表结构)Tom is ill / out / a doctor. (主系表结构)2. 并列句。它的结构是:简单句 +并列连词 +简单句。另外,它的分句还可以含有从句,这种并列句亦称并列复合句。例如:He helps me with English and I help him with math. It was growing dark but she still went on with her work.Work hard, and you will make progress. Hurry up, or / otherwise you will be late. He didn't come, for he was ill. It rained yesterday, so we didn't go. Either you stay here or Mary stays here. The man who is sitting there is a doctor and his son works in the college. (并列复合句)The car that I bought two years ago was stolen a month ago, but the police haven't found the thief who has stolen it. (并列复合句)3. 复合句。复合句的构成是“主句+从句”,亦称为主从复合句。例如:When we arrived there, it was already dark. I know the man who is standing under the tree. He said that his father was a doctor. That is what he said. What he said is right.

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