shmilyflying
Initially by John von Neumann invented (then the computer's computing power equivalent to the current calculator), there are three big Treasury, the latter gradually evolved. Is a directive in accordance with the various data and information for automatic processing and handling of electronic equipment He is represented by a number of component parts, such as CPU, motherboard, memory, power supply, graphics ...... Computer scientific name computers, by the early development of the electric calculator. In 1945, emerged in the world's first electronic digital computer "ENJAC", used to calculate the trajectory. By the University of Pennsylvania Moore School of Electrical Engineering manufactured, but it's huge in size and covers an area of more than 500 square meters and weighing about 30 tons, consumed nearly 100 kilowatts of electricity. Clearly, such a computer cost is very high, the use of inconvenience. In 1956, the transistor electronic computer was born, this is the second-generation electronic computer. As long as a few larger cabinets can be容下, computing speed is greatly improved. Emerged in 1959 is the third generation of integrated circuit computer. 70s from the 20th century began, this is the latest stage of computer development. To 1976, from large-scale integrated circuits and ultra large scale integrated circuit made of "Clayton on the 1st," the computer into the fourth generation. VLSI invention, so that computer continuously towards smaller, miniaturized, low power consumption, intelligent, systematic replacement direction. 20th century 90's, the computer to the "smart" development, to create a human brain similar to the computer, can be thinking, learning, memory, network communications and so on. The 21st century, is a notebook computer, and miniaturization and specialization, per second, faster more than one million times, not only simple, inexpensive, and can replace part of people's mental, and even expanded in some areas people Intelligent. Thus, today's micro-electronic computer was vividly called computer. The world's first personal computers from IBM introduced in 1981.
Itisgoodtoforget.
The word "computer" was originally the name of a profession before the 20th century. "Computers" were people performing mathematical calculations by hand and paper for architects and bankers. When Charles Babbage built the first mechanical computing machine named "Difference Machine" in 1822, its primary function was to replace the computers. During World War 2 as the first digital computer was built with its functions extended way beyond mere number crunching, the name "computer" stuck nevertheless.
济南李大妈
电脑是谁发明的,严格说起来很难界定。计算机(computer)的原来意义是“计算器”,也就是说,人类会发明计算机,最初的目的是帮助处理复杂的数字运算。而这种人工计算器的概念,最早可以追溯到十七世纪的法国大思想家帕斯卡。帕斯卡的父亲担任税务局长,当时的币制不是十进制,在计算上非常麻烦。帕斯卡为了协助父亲,利用齿轮原理,发明了第一台可以执行加减运算计算器 。后来,德国数学家莱布尼兹加以改良,发明了可以做乘除运算的计算器。之后虽然在计算器的功能上多所改良与精进,但是,真正的电动计算器,却必须等到公元1944年才制造出来。 而第一部真正可以称得上计算机的机器,则诞生于1946年的美国,毛琪利与爱克特发明的,名字叫做ENIAC。这部计算机使用真空管来处理讯号,所以体积庞大(占满一个房间)、耗电量高(使用时全镇的人都知道,因为家家户户的电灯都变暗了!),而且记忆容量又非常低(只有100多个字),但是,却已经是人类科技的一大进展。而我们通常把这种使用真空管的计算机称为第一代计算机。 第一代的电脑有2间教室大,跟现在我们一般用的个人电脑体积差很多吧。 当时的电脑零件是真空管(现在已经找不到了) 而存档的东西是一种打孔卡片,若没有前人的设计概念,也没有计算机的发明,所以计算机是谁发明的还有点难界定。莫奇利和埃克特 \n\n第一台计算机的诞生第二次世界大战期间,美国军方为了解决计算大量军用数据的难题,成立了由宾夕法尼亚大学莫奇利和埃克特领导的研究小组,开始研制世界上第一台电子计算机。 \n\n经过三年紧张的工作,第一台电子计算机终于在1946年2月14日问世了。它由17468个电子管、6万个电阻器、1万个电容器和6千个开关组成,重达30吨,占地160平方米,耗电174千瓦,耗资45万美元。这台计算机每秒只能运行5千次加法运算,仅相当于一个电子数字积分计算机(ENIAC即\"埃尼阿克\")。 \n\n第一台计算机诞生至今已过去50多年了,在这期间,计算机以惊人的速度发展着,首先是晶体管取代了电子管,继而是微电子技术的发展,使得计算机处理器和存贮器上的元件越做越小,数量越来越多,计算机的运算速度和存贮容量迅速增加。1994年12月,美国Intel公司宣布研制成功世界上最快的超级计算机,它每秒可进行3280亿次加法运算(是第一台电子计算机的6600万倍)。如果让人完成它一秒钟进行的运算量的话,需要一个人昼夜不停地计算一万多年。 \n\n当年的\"埃尼阿克\"和现在的计算机相比,还不如一些高级袖珍计算器,但它的诞生为人类开辟了一个崭新的信息时代,使得人类社会发生了巨大的变化。 \n\n1996年2月14日,在世界上第一台电子计算机问世50周年之际,美国副总统戈尔再次启动了这台计算机,以纪念信息时代的到来。
