文学评论员的英文

英语原文：

Isaac Asimov was an American scientist and writer who wrote around 480 books that included mystery stories, science and history books, and even books about the Holy Bible and Shakespeare. But he is best known for his science fiction stories. Asimov had both an extraordinary imagination that gave him the ability to explore future worlds and an amazing mind with which he searched for explanations of everything, in the present and the past.

Asimov's life began in Russia, where he was born on 2 January, 1920. It ended in New York on 6 April, 1992, when he died as a result of an HIV infection that he had got from a blood transfusion nine years earlier.

When Asimov was three, he moved with his parents and his one-year-old sister to New York City. There his parents bought a candy store which they ran for the next 40 or so years. At the age of nine, when his mother was pregnant with her third child, Asimov started working part-time in the store. He helped out through his school and university years until 1942, a year after he had gained a master's degree in chemistry. In 1942 he joined the staff of the Philadelphia Navy Yard as a junior chemist and worked there for three years. In 1948 he got his PhD in chemistry. The next year he became a biochemistry teacher at Boston University School of Medicine. In 1958 he gave up teaching to become a full-time writer.

It was when Asimov was eleven years old that his talent for writing became obvious. He had told a friend two chapters of a story he had written. The friend thought he was retelling a story from a book. This really surprised Asimov and from that moment, he started to take himself seriously as a writer. Asimov began having stories published in science fiction magazines in 1939. In 1950 he published his first novel and in 1953 his first science book.

Throughout his life, Asimov received many awards, both for his science fiction books and his science books. Among his most famous works of science fiction, one for which he won an award was the Foundation trilogy (1951-1953), three novels about the death and rebirth of a great empire in a galaxy of the future. It was loosely based on the fall of the Roman Empire but was about the future. These books are famous because Asimov invented a theoretical framework which was designed to show how ideas and thinking may develop in the future. He is also well known for his collection of short stories, I, Robot (1950), in which he developed a set of three "laws" for robots. For example, the first law states that a robot must not injure human beings or allow them to be injured. Some of his ideas about robots later influenced other writers and even scientists researching into artificial intelligence.Asimov was married twice. He married his first wife in 1942 and had a son and a daughter. Their marriage lasted 31 years. Soon after his divorce in 1973, Asimov married again but he had no children with his second wife.

翻译：艾萨克·阿西莫夫是美国的科学家兼作家。他写过大约480本书，包括怪诞小说、科学和历史方面的书，甚至还写过有关《圣经》和莎士比亚的书。但是，他最有名的作品还是他的科幻小说。阿西莫夫不仅有着超凡的想象力，使他能对未来世界进行探索，而且还有着惊人的智力，使他能对现在和过去的各种事物作出解释。

阿西莫夫的一生从俄罗斯开始，他生于1920年1月2日；阿西莫夫的一生在纽约结束，他死于1992年4月6日。他是因为九年前的一次输血中感染了艾滋病毒而去世的。

阿西莫夫三岁的时候，就随同父母和年仅一岁的妹妹迁到纽约。在那儿，他的父母买下了一家糖果店，后来一直经营了大约40年。阿西莫夫九岁的时候，母亲怀了第三个孩子，他就开始在糖果店里工作了。他读中学和大学的那段时期都在糖果店里工作，一直到1942年，也就是他获得化学硕士学位一年以后他才停止糖果店的工作。1942年，他在费城海军造船厂里担任初级化学师，干了三年。1948年他获得了化学博士学位。第二年起他在波士顿大学的医学院任生化教员。1958年他放弃了教学工作成为专职作家。

早在阿西莫夫十一岁的时候，他的写作才华就已经显露出来了。他把他写的小说中的两个章节念给一个朋友听，那个朋友还以为他是在复述某本书上的故事呢。这使阿西莫夫很惊讶。从此以后，他就开始认真地从事写作了。1939年，阿西莫夫开始在科幻杂志上发表故事，1950年出版了自己他的第一部小说，1953年出版了他的第一部科学书籍。

阿西莫夫一生中多次获过奖，既有科幻小说奖，也有科学书籍奖。在他那些最负盛名的科幻小说中，有本获奖的书叫做《基地》三部曲（1951-1953），有三个小故事，讲的是未来银河系中一个伟大帝国的灭亡与复兴。基本素材取自罗马帝国的衰败，但讲的是有关未来的事情。这些书之所以有名，是因为阿西莫夫创造了一种理论框架，用以阐述各种想法在未来可能会如何发展。他的短篇小说集《我，机器人》（1950)也是享有盛名的。在这本书里他提出机器人的三大“原则”。举例来说，第一条原则就规定机器人不得伤害人类，也不能允许人类收到伤害。他那些有关机器人的想法后来影响了其他的作者，甚至影响了那些从事人工智能研究的科学家们。

阿西莫夫结过两次婚，他于1942年同、他的第一任妻子结婚，生有一男一女。这次婚姻持续了31年。1973年离婚后不久，阿西莫夫又结婚了，但是他与第二任妻子没有生育儿女。

艾萨克·阿西莫夫是美国著名科幻小说家、科普作家、文学评论家，美国科幻小说黄金时代的代表人物之一。 它一生著述近500本，题材涉及自然科学、社会科学和文学艺术等许多领域，与儒勒·凡尔纳、赫伯特·乔治·威尔斯并称为科幻历史上的三巨头，同时还与罗伯特·海因莱因、亚瑟·克拉克并列为科幻小说的三巨头。其作品中以《基地系列》、《银河帝国三部曲》和《机器人系列》三大系列被誉为“科幻圣经 ”。曾获代表科幻界最高荣誉的雨果奖和星云终身成就大师奖。小行星5020、《阿西莫夫科幻小说》杂志和两项阿西莫夫奖都是以他的名字命名。他提出的“机器人学三定律”被称为“现代机器人学的基石”。

参考资料：百度百科-艾萨克·阿西莫夫