英语全部倒装

英语的基本句型是主语 + 谓语。如果将主语与谓语调换, 称倒装句。装句分全倒装句和半倒装句。一、 全倒装: 主语与谓语交换位置不需任何助动词, 叫全倒装。全倒装有以下三种情况:1、当here, there, out, in, up, down等副词放在句首时, 句子需全倒装:There goes the bell! 铃响了！ There lived an old man. Here comes the bus.注意: ①在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词, 像go, come, mush等。 ②主语如果是代词时不需倒装如Away he went. 他走远了。2、方位状语在句首, 如:In front of the house stopped a police car.Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.Under the tree sat a boy.3 、直接引语在句首, 这种情况可倒装也可不倒装 "What does it mean?" asked the boy或the boy asked.二、半倒装: 主语与谓语的助动词交换位置称半倒装, 有以下数种情况:1,否定意义的词在句首, 句子半倒装, 例如: little, never, not, no, hardly, rarely,seldomNever shall I forget you. At no time was the man aware of what was happening.Little did I understand what he said to me at that time.2、 几对并列连词如not only…but also, hardly… when等连接两个并列句, 连词在句首, 前句半倒装, 后句不倒装:Not only was everything he had taker away from him, but also his German citizenship was taken away.No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started.注意: ①not only…but also连接两个并列主语时不需倒装,如:Not only you but also I like playing chess.②neither…nor在句首时, 前后两句都需倒装,Neither do I have a sister nor does my husband.3、only在句首强调状语, 主句半倒装:Only then did I realize that I was wrong.Only in this way can I learn from my fault.Only when the war was over in 1918, was he able to get back to work.注意: only强调主语不倒装:Only the teachers can use the room.4、so…that句型, so在句首时, 主句倒装, that从句不倒装:So easy is it that a clild can learn it.So hard did he work that he finally won the fame.I saw the film, so did he.5.省略了if的虚拟条件句Had I been informed earlier, I could have done something.Were she here, she would support the motion.

倒装句指为了强调、突出等目的而颠倒原有语序的句式。英语句子的正常语序是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时为了强调句中的某一部分或其他原因，将谓语全部或部分移到主语的前面。根据其倒装形式可分为全部倒装和部分倒装。

所谓完全倒装，就是将谓语动词置于主语前。完全倒装一般具有以下两个条件：①谓语动词是单个(即不带情态动词、助动词或be)的不及物动词，且只限于一般现在时或一般过去时；②主语只能是名词。一、以here等副词开头引出的完全倒装在描述情景时，为了使景象更生动，有时把here,there,now,then,out,in,up,down,off,away等方向性副词作为句子开头，句子用完全倒装。此时，①句子主语必须是名词；②谓语动词通常是be,come,go,run,rush,fly,follow,fall等表示位移的不及物动词，且为一般时态；③其中的here,there不是表示地点，而是用以引起对方注意。如：Herecomesthebus.汽车来了。Theregoesthebell.铃响了。Herearesomeadvertisementsaboutcars.这儿是几则有关汽车的广告。二、以表语或状语开头引出的完全倒装有时为了强调或者为了使句子平衡或者为了使上下文连接得更加紧密，就将表语和地点状语(多为介词短语)置于句首，谓语动词也常置于主语前，构成完全倒装。如：AmongthepeoplewasamannamedBrown.在这些人中有一个叫布朗的人。Onthetopofthehillstandsanoldtemple.这山顶上有一座庙。三、therebe结构及其变体的完全倒装Thereisatalltreeinfrontofthehouse.这房子前面有一棵树。注：在therebe结构中，可以代替be结构中，可以代替be的还有以下动词：live,lie,stand,appear,rise,remain,happen,come,go等。如：Oncetherelivedanoldfishermaninavillagebythesea.从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一个老人。四、直接引语放在句首引起的完全倒装若直接引语的部分或全部放在句首，并且说话人是名词时，将say若直接引语的部分或全部放在句首，并且说话人是名词时，将ask置于说话人前，构成完全倒装。如：“Areyouready?”askedtheteacher.“准备好了没有？”老师问道。“Itisunbelievable!”saidAlfredButts.阿尔弗雷德·布滋说·，“这真叫人难以置信！”