自然灾害英语词汇

1、Drought

读音：英 [draʊt] 美 [draʊt]

n. 干旱

例句：Famine is often the sequel to war or drought.

饥荒往往是战争或干旱造成的。

2、Storm

读音：英 [stɔːm] 美 [stɔːrm]

n. 暴风雨

v. 起风暴；猛攻；暴怒；捣毁

例句：The clouds threatened a big storm.

乌云预示着暴风雨即将来临。

3、typhoon

读音：英 [taɪˈfu:n]    美 [taɪˈfu:n]

n.台风

例句：The typhoon hit the coastal areas.

台风侵袭沿海地区。

4、earthquake

读音：英 [ˈɜ:θkweɪk]   美 [ˈɜ:rθkweɪk]

n.地震；大变动；动乱

例句：The shock waves of the earthquake were felt in Teheran

地震带来的冲击波在德黑兰也能感觉到。

5、flood

读音：英 [flʌd] 美 [flʌd]

v. 淹没；充满  n. 洪水

例句：The town was destroyed by the floods after the storm.

暴风雨后的洪水冲毁了这座城镇。

flooding 洪水mudslide 泥石流typhoon 台风death toll 死亡人数level / flatten 夷为平地distribute food 发放食品stricken area 受灾地区knock out the bridges 破坏桥梁sever segments of roads 切断路段storm-ravaged area 风暴袭击的地区jammed 困住的earth movers 推土机storefronts 店面房water-logged 积水的 被水泡了的staples 常用品wreak havoc 造成破坏take refuge 避难shelter 避难所disaster-relief work 救灾工作at the soonest 最快alleviate 减轻tropical storm 热带风暴maximum sustained wind 最大持续风力evolve into 逐渐发展成hurricane 飓风cyclone 龙卷风whirlwind 旋风blizzard 暴风雪typhoon 台风hinder 阻碍humidity 湿度a state of emergency 紧急状态treacherous 危险的dense fog 浓雾torrential rain/ downpour 大雨rugged terrain 崎岖地带raging river 湍急的河流washed-out roads 被洪水冲毁的道路make landfall 登陆

1, weather disasters, meteorological disasters, more than 20 species, mainly in the following categories: (1) storm: flash floods, flooding, urban water; (2) Waterlogging: waterlogging, waterlogging; (3) drought: agricultural, forestry , prairie drought, industrial, urban, rural water; (4) hot wind: dry air, foehn; (5) high temperature, heat: summer heat, human disease, burns, forced to mature crops; (6) tropical cyclones: strong winds, heavy rains, floods; (7) cold damage: due to strong cooling and low temperature in crop, livestock, fruit trees suffer; (8) frost: frost, crops, livestock damage, water pipes, frozen pipes; (9) Freezing Rain: Wire , branches, icy; (10) ice: river, lake, sea frozen, icy rain and snow after; (11) Snow harm: blizzard, snow; (12) hail damage: destruction of crops, destruction of houses; ( 13) wind damage: fallen trees, back room, roll-over, capsize; (14) Tornado: partial destruction of the disaster; (15) Lightning: lightning casualties; (16) with rain (Yin Yu): unfavorable for crop growth and development, food mold etc.; (17) fog: human disease, traffic congestion; (18) low-level wind shear: (aircraft) air accident; (19) Acid Rain: crops suffer. 2, marine disasters, marine disasters have the following main categories: (1) Storm surge: storm surge, including typhoons, extratropical storm surge; (2) tsunami: tsunami and local points away from the tsunami two kinds; (3) waves: including storms, swells and near-shore wave three species, divided in terms of its causes storm waves, cyclone waves; (4) water; (5) red tide; (6) coastal hazards: such as coastal erosion, landslides, land salinization, water pollution, etc. ; (7) El Niño damage. 3, floods (1) storm disasters; (2) flash flood; (3) snowmelt flood; (4) ice flood; (5) dam-break flood; (6) cement debris flow and flooding. 4, the earthquake disaster (1) tectonic earthquakes; (2) earthquake every fall; (3) Mine earthquake; (4) reservoir earthquakes; 5, crop biological hazards (1) crop diseases: There are over 240 kinds of diseases of rice, wheat 50 kinds of diseases, diseases of 40 kinds of corn, 40 kinds of diseases of cotton and soybean, peanut, hemp and other diseases; (2) crop pests; there are 252 kinds of insect pests of rice, water, wheat 100 kinds of pests, pests of corn 52 species of cotton pests than 300 kinds of flowers, and many other pests of various crops; (3) of crops and weeds: about 8000 kinds; (4) rodent. 6, forest biological disasters (1) forest disease: 2918 species; (2) of forest pests: 5020 species; (3) forest rodents: 160 kinds.以下是翻译1、气象灾害 气象灾害有20余种，主要有以下种类： （1）暴雨：山洪暴发、河水泛滥、城市积水； （2）雨涝：内涝、渍水； （3）干旱：农业、林业、草原的旱灾，工业、城市、农村缺水； （4）干热风：干旱风、焚风； （5）高温、热浪：酷暑高温、人体疾病、灼伤、作物逼熟； （6）热带气旋：狂风、暴雨、洪水； （7）冷害：由于强降温和气温低造成作物、牲畜、果树受害； （8）冻害：霜冻，作物、牲畜冻害，水管、油管冻坏； （9）冻雨：电线、树枝、路面结冰； （10）结冰：河面、湖面、海面封冻，雨雪后路面结冰； （11）雪害：暴风雪、积雪； （12）雹害：毁坏庄稼、破坏房屋； （13）风害：倒树、倒房、翻车、翻船（14）龙卷风：局部毁坏性灾害； （15）雷电：雷击伤亡； （16）连阴雨（淫雨）：对作物生长发育不利、粮食霉变等； （17）浓雾：人体疾病、交通受阻； （18）低空风切变：（飞机）航空失事； （19）酸雨：作物等受害。 2、海洋灾害 海洋灾害主要有如下种类： （1）风暴潮：包括台风风暴潮、温带风暴潮； （2）海啸：分遥海啸与本地海啸2种； （3）海浪：包括风浪、涌浪和近岸浪3种，就其成因而言又分台风浪、气旋浪； （4）海水； （5）赤潮； （6）海岸带灾害：如海岸侵蚀、滑坡、土地盐碱化、海水污染等； （7）厄尔尼诺的危害。 3、洪水灾害 （1）暴雨灾害； （2）山洪； （3）融雪洪水； （4）冰凌洪水； （5）溃坝洪水； （6）泥石流与水泥流洪水。 4、地震灾害 （1）构造地震； （2）隔落地震； （3）矿山地震； （4）水库地震等；5、农作物生物灾害 （1）农作物病害：主要有水稻病害240多种，小麦病害50种，玉米病害40多种， 棉花病害40多种及大豆、花生、麻类等多种病害； （2）农作物虫害；主要有水稻虫害252种，水麦虫害100多种，玉米虫害52种，棉 花虫害300多种，及其它各种作物的多种虫害； （3）农作物草害：约8000多种； （4）鼠害。 6、森林生物灾害 （1）森林病害：2918种； （2）森林虫害：5020种； （3）森林鼠害：160余种。

干旱Drought洪涝Flood and water-logging地震Earthquake泥石流Debris flow山体滑坡Landslides海啸Tsunami台风Typhoon暴风雨Storm

自然灾害 Natural Disaster :地震 earthquake雪崩 avalanche火山泥流 lahar泥石流 mudflow/landslide超级火山爆发 supervolcano洪水 flood大(或急剧的)漩涡 maelstrom海啸 Tsunami 暴风雪 blizzard （呵呵）干旱 Drought 雹暴 Hailstorm热浪 heat wave飓风（台风）Hurricanes, Tropical cyclones, and Typhoons 冰雹 ice storm龙卷风 tornado冰河时代 ice age森林大火 wildfire流行病 Epidemic 饥荒 Famine 太阳耀斑 Solar flare