摘要 在中国工业韧带发展中，很多高生产率高精度的机械加工设备从国外引进，比如数控车床和铣床等，还有把几种机床的功能集中在一起的加工中心等。总之这类 CNC机床大大的提高了工作速度，产品的加工精度，降低了工作的劳动强度，所以大受欢迎。但是这类设备引进费用也是相当的昂贵，所以国内很多企业的技术人员在原先的旧机床上进行改进，来达到提高生产率和降低工人的劳动强度，实现工业自动化，这类改进同样也大受欢迎。 我由引想到为普通机床配套设计一套上料机械手，来起到减少上料的时间，减轻工人劳动强度的目的。机械手是一种模仿人体上肢运动的机器，它能按照预定要求输送工种或握持工具进行操作的自动化技术设备，对实现工业生产自动化，推动工业生产的进一步发展起着重要作用。因而具有强大的生命力，受到人们的广泛重视和欢迎。 工业机械手可以代替人手的繁重劳动，显著减轻工人的劳动强度，提高 劳动生产率和自动化水平。工业生产中经常出现的笨重工件的搬运和长期频繁，单调的操作，如果没有机械手那么工人的劳动强度是很高的，有时候还要用行车员工件，生产速度大大延缓，这种情况采用机械手是很有效的。此外，它能在高温、低温、深水、宇宙、反射性和其他有毒、有污染环境条件上进行操作。更显其优越性，有着广阔的发展前途。关键词：机械手，CNC，自动化 In China， many industrial ligament developing productivity high precision machining equipments imported from abroad， such as CNC lathe， milling machine， etc， and have several function of machine together in processing center， In this kind of CNC machine greatly enhanced the work product machining accuracy， speed and reduce the labor intensity of work， so But this kind of equipment， the introduction is also very expensive， so many domestic enterprises in the technical personnel of the original old machine， to improve productivity and reduce labor intensity， industrial automation， this kind of improvement is also very I think for ordinary led by a set of machine design on the manipulator， to reduce feeding time， reduce labor Manipulator is a kind of imitation of the upper body movement machine， it can be scheduled according to request type or holds the automation tool operation of technical equipment， industrial automation， promote the production of industrial production of the further development plays an important The powerful vitality and the extensive attention by people， and Industrial robots can replace the hands of heavy labor， significantly reduce labor intensity， and improve labor productivity and automation Industrial production often appears in the heavy work frequently， handling and long-term operation， if not drab robots that labor intensity is high， sometimes even with employees， driving speed greatly retard， this kind of circumstance using manipulator is very In addition， it can be in high temperature， low temperature， water， the universe， reflective and other toxic， environmental pollution condition on the More show its superiority， has broad
A machine tool is a powered mechanical device， typically used to fabricate metal components of machines by machining， which is the selective removal of The term machine tool is usually reserved for tools that used a power source other than human movement， but they can be powered by people if appropriately set Many historians of technology consider that the true machine tools were born when direct human involvement was removed from the shaping or stamping process of the different kinds of The earliest lathe with direct mechanical control of the cutting tool was a screw-cutting lathe dating to about [1] This lathe "produced screw threads out of wood and employed a true compound slide rest"The first machine tools offered for sale ( commercially available) were constructed by one Matthew Murray in England around [2]Contents [hide]1 Overview 2 Examples 3 See also 4 References 5 Bibliography 6 Further reading 7 External links [edit] OverviewMachine tools can be powered from a variety of Human and animal power are options， as is energy captured through the use of However， modern machine tools began to develop only after the development of the steam engine， which led to the Industrial R Today， most machine tools are powered by Machine tools can be operated manually， or under automatic Early machines used flywheels to stabilize their motion and had complex systems of gears and levers to control the machine and the piece being worked Soon after World War II， the numerical control (NC) machine was NC machines used a series of numbers punched on paper tape or punch cards to control their In the 1960s， computers were added to give even more flexibility to the Such machines became known as computerized numerical control (CNC) NC and CNC machines could precisely repeat sequences over and over， and could produce much more complex pieces than even the most skilled tool Before long， the machines could automatically change the specific cutting and shaping tools that were being For example， a drill machine might contain a magazine with a variety of drill bits for producing holes of various Previously， either machine operators would usually have to manually change the bit or move the work piece to another station to perform these different The next logical step was to combine several different machine tools together， all under computer These are known as machining centers， and have dramatically changed the way parts are From the simplest to the most complex， most machine tools are capable of at least partial self-replication， and produce machine parts as their primary [edit] ExamplesExamples of machine tools are:Broaching machine Drill press Gear shaper Hobbing machine Hone Lathe Screw machines Milling machine Shaper Saws Planer Stewart platform mills Grinding machines When fabricating or shaping parts， several techniques are used to remove unwanted Among these are:Electrical discharge machining Grinding (abrasive cutting) Multiple edge cutting tools Single edge cutting tools Other techniques are used to add desired Devices that fabricate components by selective addition of material are called rapid prototyping Several regions of the United States became centers for machine tool development between 1800 and 1950， including Philadelphia， Pennsylvania; Cincinnati， Ohio; Rockford， Illinois; Providence， Rhode Island] Springfield， Vermont; Windsor， Vermont; Hartford， Connecticut; and Bridgeport， C
