白白桃花
C
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon （eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?
A. They developed very fast.
B. They were large in number.
C. They had similar patterns.
D. They were closely connected.
29. Which of the following best explains "dominant" underlined in paragraph 2？
A. Complex. B. Advanced. C. Powerful. D. Modern.
30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present？
A. About 6,800. B. About 3,400. C. About 2,400. D. About 1,200.
31. What is the main idea of the text？
A. New languages will be created.
B. People's lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C. Human development results in fewer languages.
D. Geography determines language evolution.
(答案戳下方“阅读原文 ” )
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2015年2月8日
2018年6月9日
第1218天
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2018年吉林高考英语试卷试题及答案解析（WORD文字版）
一、关键词：难度适合广大考生的英语试卷
秉承官方的说法，高考英语试卷的难度会逐年降低，果然2015年高考英语全国II卷露以一种非常简单的形式出现在大家面前。文章的题材和词汇的难度都是相对往年比较简单的，这无形中给广大考生很大的自信心。
二、 整体评价：易中求细
2015年的英语高考，不存在偏难的试题，阅读和完型的主旨大意很容易读懂；基础题中词汇和语法也都是平时练习到的。但是要想达到一个相对满意的分数，细节点的关注度需要加强，避免不必要的失分。
三、 题目设置略有难度：
（一）听力题目 的特点需要学生仔细分析，不能听到什么选什么。考察学生对细节的把握和分析。
（二）阅读理解： 语境处理和细节定位
阅读理解四篇依然遵循记叙文、说明文、应用文的出题形式，词汇难度也不大。即使相对偏难的词，比如commercial,appetites,consume,applicants,responsible,academic也通过阅读的语境提示而猜测出来，文章整体的行文逻辑是一目了然的，考生在处理选择题的时候也是很容易定位原文的`。
（三）阅读理解之“七选五 ”
在今年的新课标卷中，七选五这一新题型出题方式仍然比较单一化，解七选五主要通过以下几个方法，分别为标题、结构、复现、代词、数字、感情色彩和关系（并列、排比、转折、因果、总分，分总）的高考中可能会失去小标题增加每段的主旨句，增强文章结构(总分，分总，修辞等)。
（四）完形填空：词汇含义和感情色彩
今年新课标卷II的完型填空所选文章是比较常见的记叙文，对比这几年的完型填空，今年的完型填空延续了去年难度，难度略简单和去年持平。各个选项之间的区分度比较高，考生基本不会因为混淆词汇含义而读不懂语境，选项词汇全都是来自新东方高考词汇教材中选取的577核心词汇。同时完型的上下文逻辑也很清晰明了，判断上下句之间的关系是比较容易的，大多数考生应该可以轻松的得到正确答案且保证了准确率。
（五）语法填空：容易读懂，不容易全对
作为今年第二次现身新课标试卷的新题型，本篇填空难度适中，大部分考生应该都能从容应对。考察的重点依然在动词时态；非谓语动词；名词；形容词；副词；连词；冠词。在动词和名词的变化形式要提升细心度。
（六）短文改错：难度下降
与往年相比，缺少了难度较大的非谓语考点，并且谓语动词时态的考点也十分简单，不涉及特殊过去式与过去分词变化的形式。改错形式的比率与往年没有太多变化，仍为错词：多词：缺词=8：1：1。
（七）书面表达：万变不离其宗
旨在考查考生能否正常使用日常语言交际的能力。今年书面表达的考查内容依旧贴近考生生活，新课标2卷要求学生给外教写一封邮件，邀请外教去敬老院去过重阳节。无论是题目还是要求与我们新东方课堂练习内容一致。我们在复习时练习很多相似题目。所以难度不大。
四、备考建议
了解了2015年英语高考试题的特点，要求学生紧跟考试说明，突出能力训练，重点抓阅读理解（包括阅读量），不扣难题怪题，压缩语法讲解和词汇分析，稳中求胜。
