素颜～红太狼
1. We are not on very good ____ with the people next door.
A. friendship
B. relations
C. will
D. terms
正确答案是
2. Usually newspapers ____ for people with intellectual interests.
A. suit
B. furnish
C. regard
D. cater
正确答案是
3. The overcrowded living conditions____ a heavy strain on the family.
A. set
B. put
C. made
D. pressed
正确答案是
4. The supply of apples exceeds the ____ this year.
A. request
B. claim
C. requirement
D. demand
正确答案是
5. I must take this watch to be repaired; it ____ over twenty minutes a day.
A. increases
B. progresses
C. accelerates
D. gains
正确答案是
6. If this animal had escaped from its cage it could ____ have killed or hurt several people.
A. equally
B. both
C. well
D. severely
正确答案是
7. I'm sorry we gave you such a short ____ of our visit.
A. caution
B. notice
C. information
D. preparation
正确答案是
8. That old vase will ____ an attractive lamp-holder.
A. compose
B. form
C. make
D. assemble
正确答案是
9. The World Bank has criticized the country for not giving enough financial ____ to developing countries.
A. allowance
B. aid
C. loan
D. provision
正确答案是
10. Nothing would stop me from ____ my ambition.
A. reaching
B. completing
C. achieving
D. obtaining
正确答案是
11. He showed his ____ for the TV programmer by switching it off.
A. distaste
B. discontent
C. annoyance
D. boredom
正确答案是
12. They are ____ the woods for the missing child.
A. seeking
B. looking
C. investigating
D. combing
正确答案是
专业英语四级考试词汇语法解析
be+不定式结构
表示按计划、安排即将发生的'动作。例如：
There's to be an investigation.
I am to have tea with Betty this afternoon.
这一结构常见于报纸和广播，用以宣布官方的计划或决定。例如：
The Queen is to visit Japan next year.
二是表示命令、禁止或可能性等。例如：
You are to stand here. Do you understand?
Tell her she's not to be back late.
一般现在时也可表达将来时间，常见于条件状语和时间状语从句。例如：
If she comes, I'll tell her all about it.
Wait here till the meeting is over.
It won't be long before the rain stops.
近义词辨析
begin, commence, initiate, launch, start
这组词均含有“开始”的意思。
begin
在这组词中最常用，泛指开始做某事。但口语中近年来start用得较多。
The band began to play joyful music.乐队开始演奏欢快的音乐。
commence
比begin用法正式。在宗教或其它仪式及军事用语中人们倾向用commence.
The officer ordered the soldiers to commence the attack.军官命令士兵开始进攻。
initiate
指进程中的第一步，与何时停止或结束没有关系。
The government has initiated a new reform program.政府启动了新的改革方案。
launch
指开始或着手一项活动、计划等大规模或声势浩大的行动，行动前或行动中有一定的宣传鼓动。
The company will launch an advertising compaign to introduce its new product.那个公司要发起广告攻势推出自己的新产品。
Start
与stop构成反义用法，指从一特定地点出发，由静止或等待状态开始做某事。在口语中常可代替begin.
They started operations at once.他们马上开始行动。
evilevilevil
英语语法试题的存在，是为了让大家更好地学习语法。下面是我给大家整理的英语语法试题，供大家参阅!
1. Ms Nancy didn't mind at all ______ to the ceremony.
A. being not invited B. not being invited
C. not inviting D. not to be invited
B
2. "_____ your meeting is!" he offered them his sincere congratulations.
A. How a great success B. What a great success C. How great success D. What great success
B success 名词，保留远动词含义"成功"是不可数名词;如用来代替具体的人(成功者)或具体的事(成功的事情(东西))是可数名词。故排除C,D;A中how是副词，如改成how great a success就是正确的。
3. We must remember that _____fashion is not the most important thing in _______ life.
A. /; the B. /; / C. the; / D. the; the
B 抽象名词不特指时，前不用冠词。
4. It _____ quite a few years _____ the accused was declared innocent and set free.
A. was; since B. is; that
C. will be; when D. was; before
D 如将A项中was, since改成is, since是正确的;即从句中谓语先发生。如用B项，是强调句，而强调句前后两个谓语动词在时间上必须一致(a);被强调部分能还回原句中(b)，即因为句中was declared是过去时, B项中is改成was;因为句中was declared是非延续性动词，在years后加上ago将"一段" 时间变成"一点"就是正确的。C 项前后时间不一致。
5. The professor said he could talk on _____ interested the audience.
A. any topic B. which topic
C. whichever topic D. the topic he thought it
C whichever已失去疑问含义，等于 anything that，表示强调; 而 which topic中 which保留疑问含义，译成"哪一个题目"，不符合句义。而A和D中缺少连词。
no circumstance _____ to tell lies to parents.
A. children are allowed B. are children allowed C. children will allow D. will children allow
B.含有否定意义的副词及介词短语放在句首时，句子中主语和谓语用部分倒装。
science and technology has _____ communication between people far apart.
A. made convenient B. made it convenient
C. made it convenient for D. made it convenient to
A 题目中has made是谓语，communication between people far apart短语是宾语，convenient是宾语的补语，被前置。如用B项,it是形式宾语代替不定式或从句。
heard that you really had a wonderful time at John's birthday party, _____?
A. didn't I B. didn't you
C. hadn't you D. will you
B含宾语从句和定语从句的主从复合句，反意疑问句随主句变;但是在含有宾语从句的住句中主语是第一人称时反意疑问句随从句一致。
great use of school education is not so much to teach you things _____ to teach you the art of learning.
A. as B. that C. than D. but
matter how frequently _____ the works of Beethoven always attract a large number of people.
A. performing B. performed
C. to be performed D. being performed
B 在让步，时间等状语从句中，如果主从句中主语一致，从句中谓语含 be动词，可以将从句中的主语和 be 省略，即在how 后加they(the works) are，再分别与选择项搭配后，就会发现正确答案是B。
their real economic situations, they got some relief fund from the government.
A. Considering B. Considered C. Having been considered D. Being considered
A considering "考虑到"，而 considered "被认为"，根据全句含义，句中主语they和considering是主动关系，因此选择项。
_____ have known the truth, or she would have told us.
A. mustn't B. shouldn't C. can't D. needn't
C
are some police cars in front. What do you suppose _____?
A. is the matter B. is happened C. is the wrong D. the trouble is
A
of water makes Death Valley a desert, but it is by no means devoid.
A. Lacking B. Being lack C. Because of lack D. Lack
D lack 作名词，后加of短语。如用A项,lacking是及物动词的动名词，后面不用介词of或作不及物动词,后面加介词in„。
15. In recent years much more emphasis has been put______ developing the students productive skills.
A. onto B. in C. over D. on
D put/ place/ lay emphasis on 是固定搭配，表示"强调，注重。"
16. A survey was carried out on the death rate of those who were infected by SARS, ________were surprising.
A. as results B. which results C. the results of it D. the results of which
D the results of which 等于whose results，是非限制性定语从句。
17. The organization broke no rules, but ______had it acted responsibly.
A. neither B. so C. either D. both
A
18. Many workers were organized to clear away ______remained of the World Trade Center.
A. those B. that C. what D. where
C 该题空格处缺少的是连词，且在从句中作主语，所以排除A,D; that在名词性从句中只起连接作用。
19. My train arrive in New York at eight o'clock tonight. The plane I would like to take from there ______by then.
A. would leave B. will have left C. has left D. had left
B
20. The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _____his arguments in favor of the new theory.
A. to be based on B. to base on C. which to base on D. on which to base
D on which to base his arguments in favor of the new theory = The professor will base his arguments in favor of the new theory on sufficient grounds.
1. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _______ for her.
A. had to write it out B. must have written it out
C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out
2. —There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.
—It _______ a comfortable journey.
A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been
3. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack _______ be here at any moment.
A. must B. need C. should D. can
4. Johnny, you _______ play with the knife, you _______ hurt yourself.
A. won’t; can’t B. mustn’t; may C. shouldn’t; must D. can’t; shouldn’t
5. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _______ get out.
A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to
6. —When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.
—They _______ be ready by 12:00.
A. can B. should C. might D. need
7. —I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
—Oh, did you? You _______ with Barbara.
A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed
8. —Are you coming to Jeff’s party?
—I’m not sure. I _______ go to the concert instead.
A. must B. would C. should D. might
9. I was really anxious about you. You _______ home without a word.
A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave
10. —Is John coming by train?
—He should, but he _______ not. He likes driving his car.
A. must B. can C. need D. may
11. A left-luggage office is a place where bags _______ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.
A. should B. can C. must D. will
12. I wonder how he _______ that to the teacher.
A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare sayD. dared say
13. When he was there, he _______ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.
A. would B. should C. had better D. might
14. It has been announced that candidates _______ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. A. can B. will C. may D. shall
15. How _______ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only a part of the article? A. can B. must C. need D. may
16. —I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coin. _______ I have a look?
—Yes, certainly. A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should
1. C。“ought to / should have+过去分词”表示后悔当初该做但却没做某事。“„也许我本该把详细地址写给她的。”
2. D。“couldn’t have+过去分词”表示对过去情况的推测。既然小汽车上“已有五人”，且是“设法”才把你带去的，如此拥挤，旅途当然“不可能”舒服。
3. C。nearly 暗示“时间不早了”，Jack“按理应当(should)随时(at any moment)”都有可能到达这里。must 语气过强;can 一般不用于肯定推测;need 意义不通，也不用于肯定句。
4. B。mustn’t(不许、千万不)表示禁止。may 表示可能性。句意为“你千万不要玩刀子，可能会弄伤自己的”。
5. D。表示过去具体某次“能够”做成某事只能用 was / were able to 而不用could。
6. B。should 表示按理应当，大概。can 一般不用于肯定推测;用 might 语气太不肯定，顾客可能走掉。
7. A。could have done 表示本可以做但却没有做的事。句意为“你本来可以住在 Barbara 那儿的”;而 must have done 只表示有把握的肯定推测，这与前面具有疑问语气的 Oh, did you?不符。
8. D。语境明显提示“我可能(might)要去听音乐会” (from )。
9. B。表示轻微的责备，句意为“我真的好担心你啊。你当时本不该不说一声就离开家的”。
10. D。由“他自己喜欢开车”这一习惯推断，“他可能不会(may not)坐火车来”。can not“不
可能”，语气太肯定。
11. B。can 表示“可以”。should(应该), must(必须), will(愿意)均不符合语境。
12. D。dare 作行为动词时,一般接 to do，但疑问式或否定式中 to 可以省略，此句有疑问口气。
13. A。would 表示过去的习惯(from )。
14. D。在规章中告诫应考者，在收完所有试卷前“必须”留在教室里。
15. A。can 在疑问句中，表示疑惑、怀疑，根据情况可译作“能、可以”等。
16. B。may 表示请求对方允许，即：“我可以做„吗?”
1. The first textbooks _______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written
2. —You were brave enough to raise objection at the meeting.
—Well, now I regret _______ that.
A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done
3. We agreed _______ here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.
A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met
4. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _______.
A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not do
5. Paul doesn’t have to be made _______. He always works hard.
A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning
6. _______ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lost
7. The patient was warned _______ oily food after the operation.
A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating
8. The Olympic Games, _______ in 776 ., did not include women players until 1912.
A. first playing B. to be first played
C. first played D. to be first playing
9. I would love _______ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.
A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone
10. European football is played in 80 countries, _______ it the most popular sport in the world.
A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
11. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door _______ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”
A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading
12. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _______ it more difficult.
A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make
13. Robert is said _______ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied B. to study
C. to be studying D. to have been studying
14. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _______ the next year.
A. carried out B. carrying out C. carry out D. to carry out
15. _______ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.
A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered
16. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _______ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen
17. The research is so designed that once _______ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun
18. It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows _______.
A. it what to do with B. what to do it with C. what to do with it D. to do what with it
19. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _______ in the kitchen.
A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked
20. She looks forward every spring to _______ the flower-lined garden.
A. visit B. paying a visit C. walk in D. walking in
1. D。表示“被动、完成”用过去分词作定语。
2. D。regret doing sth 表示对已经发生的事感到“后悔”;regret to say / tell / inform / announce 用以报告令人不快之事，表示对将要说的话感到“遗憾、抱歉”，主语通常是 I / we, regret 用一般现在时。
3. C。agree 只能接不定式，在谓语动之后发生，用一般式，选 C。
4. A。根据句型 tell sb (not) to do sth，排除 C 和 D;当不定式的动词是前面已出现过的相同的动词时，为避免重复，通常省略 to 后的内容，只保留 to, 所以只有 A 对。
5. B。make sb do sth 的被动式为 sb be made to do sth(某人被迫做某事)。
6. C。考查过去分词作状语。Lost in thought=As he was lost in thought。be lost in thought(沉思)是固定搭配;这类习惯表达还有 be caught in the rain(遭雨淋), be dressed in red(穿着红衣), be seated(就座)等。
7. C。本句是 warn sb (not) to do sth 的被动式(from )。
8. C。因 The Olympic games 与 play 是被动关系，排除 A 和 D;不定式的被动式，表示未来的动作，排除 B。表示“被动、完成”，用过去分词。
9. B。would love / like 后面只能接不定式，排除 C 和 D。表示过去未曾实现的愿望，后接不定式完成式，故选 B。
10. A。现在分词作结果状语(from )。
11. D。 句中 read 意为“有某字样”，a message pinned to the door 意为“钉在门上的一张纸条”，a message 与 read 是主动关系，因此用现在分词。
12. B。考查非谓语动词的结构平衡性。not to make it more difficult是与 to make it easier 形成对比的否定结构，两者在句中作表语。
13. A。由 studied 可知，他曾到国外留过学，“留学”这个动作已结束并发生在谓语动作(is said)之前，所以要用完成式。
14. A。此句结构复杂,句中的 that 引导一个定语从句，它代表 the plan 并在从句中作 see 的宾语，the plan 与 carry out 是被动关系，因此，用过去分词作宾补。即却see the plan carried out the next year.
15. A。句意为“这条河已经遭受如此严重的污染，现在要想清理也许为时已晚了”。suffer 发生在 clean up 之前，且有 already 暗示，无疑要用现在分词的完成式作状语。
16. B。remain 作“尚需”解，要接不定式作表语，see 与 it(形式主语，指whether they will enjoy it)是动宾关系，因此用不定式的被动式。
17. D。“连词+分词”作状语，依然由句子主语与分词的关系来确定，主动关系用现在分词，被动关系用过去分词。the research 与 begin 是被动关系，用过去分词 begun。
18. C。do with 与 what 连用是一个很有用的结构，可以表示“处置”、“利用”等。
19. B。find 后可接现在分词或过去分词作补语，但不接不定式。he 与 smoke 是主动关系，用 -ing 形式作补语，故选 B。
20. D。look forward to 中 to 是介词，后接动词要用动名词。若选 B，应在其后加 to 才行。
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