网络工程师考试常用术语汇总

网络系统建设与运维(中级)专业术语有网络交换机NetworkSwitch网络中连接各个节点或其它网络设备的设备，提供了开放式系统互联模型二层的逻辑路径，能够基于数据链路层信息转发数据包。路由器Router主要的网络节点设备，承载数据流量，通过路由选择算法决定流经数据的转发和处理。网络系统建设与运维职业技能等级标准的中级内容，面向网络系统工程师和安装工程师，主要介绍TCP/IP协议、IPv6协议、路由交换技术、网络可靠和安全技术、广域网技术、WLAN技术、网管与网络自动化运维的知识和操作实践。

很多东西，基本网络常识，路由啊网络的，操作系统组成原理和计算机网络，网络路由连接配置管理什么的都得有一定了解，提早做准备比较好，理论东西多实际操作也复杂，学好了也都简单了，要看的就是软考官网的官方书，内容详解及历年真题，最好也多看看其他相关知识点

内容很多，建议买本网络工程的书看看。

DARPA国防高级研究计划局ARPARNET(Internet)阿帕网ICCC国际计算机通信会议CCITT国际电报电话咨询委员会SNA系统网络体系结构(IBM)DNA数字网络体系结构(DEC)CSMA/CD载波监听多路访问/冲突检测(Xerox)NGI下一代INTERNETInternet2 第二代INTERNET TCP/IP SNA SPX/IPX AppleTalk网络协议NII 国家信息基础设施(信息高速公路)GII 全球信息基础设施MIPS PC的处理能力Petabit 10^15BIT/SCu芯片:铜OC48光缆通信SDH同步数字复用WDH波分复用ADSL不对称数字用户服务线HFE/HFC结构和Cable-modem 机顶盒PCS便携式智能终端CODEC编码解码器ASK(amplitude shift keying)幅移键控法FSK(frequency shift keying)频移键控法PSK(phase shift keying)相移键控法NRZ (Non return to zero)不归零制PCM(pulse code modulation)脉冲代码调制nonlinear encoding非线性编程FDM频分多路复用TDM时分多路复用STDM统计时分多路复用DS0 64kb/sDS1 24DS0DS1C48DS0DS296DS0DS3762DS0DS44032DS0CSU(channel service unit)信道服务部件SONET/SDH同步光纤网络接口LRC纵向冗余校验 CRC循环冗余校验ARQ自动重发请求ACK确认NAK不确认preamble前文postamble后文ITU国际电信联合会character-oriented面向字符bit-oriented面向位SYNC同步字符HDLC面向位的方案SDLC面向位的方案bit-stuffing位插入STP屏蔽双绞线UTP非屏蔽双绞线RG-58A/U标准RG-11用于10BASE5RG-59U 75欧 CATVRG-62U 9欧 ARCnetLED(light emitting diobe)发光二级管ILD(injection laster diobe)注入型激光二级管PIN检波器APD检波器intensity modulation亮度调制line of sight可视通路CCITT (EIA RS232C)非平衡型CCITT (EIA RS423A)新的非平衡型CCITT (EIA RS422A)新的平衡型TD发送数据RD接收数据XON/XOFF流控制Automatic Repeat Request Protocol自动重发请求Send and wait ARQ:continuous ARQ停等ARQWard Christensen人名Kermit协议circuit switching线路交换packet switching分组交换virtual circuit虚电路ATM(asynchronous transfer mode)异步传输模式ATDM异步时分多路复用packetizer打包器VPI(vritual path identifier)虚路径标识VCI(virtual channel identifier)虚通道标识 syntax语法semantics语义timing定时OSI(open system interconnection)开放系统session会话synchronization同步activity management活动管理AE应用实体UE用户元素CASE公共应用服务元素SASE特定应用服务元素VT虚拟终端JIM作业传送和操作reverved保留echo回送discard丢弃active users活动用户daytime白天netstat(who is up of NETSTAT)qotd(quote of the day)日期引用chargen(character generator)字符发送器nameserver(domani name server)域名服务器bootps(bootstrap protocol server/client)引导协议服务器/客户机tftp(trivial file transfer)简单文件传送sunrpc(sun microsystems RPC)SUN公司NTP:network time protocol网络时间协议SNMP(SNMP net monitor)SNMP网络监控器SNMP traps陷井biffunix comsatdaemon timed daemonsyslogsystem logURG紧急字段可用ACK确认字段可用PSH请求急迫操作RST连接复位SYN同步序号FIN发送方字节流结束 Manchester曼彻斯特编码FDDI(fiber distributed data interface)光纤分布数据接口TTRT目标标记循环时间aggregation of multiple link segments多重链接分段聚合协议MAN(metropolitan area network plus)城域网CSMA/CD(carrier sense multiple access/collision detection) 载波监听Token bus令牌总线Token ring令牌环SAP服务访问点request indictaion response confirmationLLC PDULLC协议数据单元DSAP address目地服务访问点地址字段SSAP address源服务访问点地址字段XID交换标识SABME置扩充的异步平衡方式DISC断开连接DM断开FRMR帧拒收solt time时间片AUI连接单元接口MAU介质连接接口MDI介质相关接口PMA物理介质接口SFD起始定界符PAD填充字段FCS帧校验序列PLS物理层收发信号slot time时间Inter Frame Gap帧attempt limit最大重传次数back off limit避免算法参数Jam size阻塞参数max frame size最大帧address size地址collaspsed backone折叠式主干网BSS基本服务集ESS扩展服务集DFW-MAC分布式基础无线MACIFS帧间空隙SIFS:短PIFS点协调DIFS分布协调CTS发送清除DQDB()分布式队列双总线TDM时分复用TMS多时分交换TSI时间片互换TST网络机构TSSST STS SSTSS TSTST网络机构PSTN公用交换电话网public switched telephone network详细PBX:private branch exchange专用交换网PABX;private automatic branch exchange自动交换机CBX:computerized branch exchange程控交换SLIP:serial line IP串行IPLCP(link control protocol)链路控制协议NCP:network control protocol网络控制协议BRI基本速率接口PRI群速率接口LAPB:line access protocol balanced链路访问协议平衡registration登录interrupt中断LAP F link access procedure for frame-mode bearer serives太长了rotate 不知道 recovery恢复discard丢弃retransmission重传switched access交换访问intergated access集成访问alerting警告 progress进展AALATM适配层GFC总流控cell rate decoupling信元率去耦SDH同步数字级PDH准国步数字级GSM:group special mobile移动通讯NSS网络子系统OMC-R操作维护中心BSS基站子系统BSC基站控制器BTS基站收发信机MS移动站SIM:subscriber identity module标识模块MSC移动交换机HLR归属位置寄存器VLR访问位置寄存器AUC鉴权中心EIR设备识别寄存器OMC-S操作维护中心SC短消息中心WAP无线应用协议WAE无线应用层WSP会话层WTP事务层WTLS安全层WDP传输层MAP移动应用部分WML无线标记语言SSL:secure sockets layer安全套接层PCS个人通信业务PCN个人通信网GEO对地静止轨道NON-GE0(MEO,LEO)不清楚ITU国际电信联盟VSAT:very small aperture -terminal甚小天线终端 LEOS低轨道卫星通信系统 repeater 中继器bridge网桥router路由器gateway网关ONsemble stackable 10BASE可叠加组合型集线器transparent bridge传输桥source routing bridge源路径桥broadcast storm广播风暴encapsulation封装translation bridging转换桥接方式SRT源地址选择透明桥offset偏移more flag标识ICMPINTERNET控制报文协议SPF:shortest path first最短路径IGP:interior gateway protocol核心网关协议EGP:exterior gateway protocol扩展网关协议RIP:routing information protocol路由信息协议OSPF开放最短径优先协议acquisition request获取请求acquisition confirm获取确认cease中止poll轮询 IPX/SPX internetwork packet exchange/sequented packet exchangeNOVELLinterpreter 解释器redirector重定向器SFT system fault tolerant系统容错ELS entry level solution不认识ODI 开放数据链路接口NDIS network device interface specification网络设备接口...DDCS数据库管理和分布数据库连接服务DCE:distributed computing environment分布计算环境OSF:open software foundation开放软件基金PWS:peer web serviceWEB服务器OEM原始设备制造商RAS远程访问服务IIS:Internet Information serverINTERNET信息服务WINS:windows internet name systemWINDOWS命名服务NTDS:windows NT directory serverNT目录服务TDI传输驱动程序接口 schedule++应用程序,预约本COSE:common open software environment 普通开放软件环境RPC远程过程调用 SNMP:simple network management protocol简单网管协议SMI:structer of management information管理信息结构SMT:station management管理站SMTP:simple mail transfer protocol简单邮件传输协议SNA:system network architectureIBM网络SNR:signal noise ratio信噪比SONENT:synchronous optical network同步光纤网络SPE:synchronous payload envelope同步PAYLOAD信CMIS/CMIP公共管理信息服务/协议CMISE公共管理信息服务agent代理IMT:inductive modeling technology不知道 plaintext明文ciphertext脱密encryption加密decryption解密 symmetric key cryptography对称加密asymmetric key cryptography不对称加密public key公钥private key私钥DES:data encryption standard数据加密标准IDEA:international data encryption algorithm国际加密算法PIN:personal identification number个人标识符session key会话层密钥KDC:key distribuetion center密钥分发中心sign签名seal封装certificate证书certificate authority CA证书权威机构OSF开放软件中心AFS:andrew file system分布式文件系统ticket凭证authenticatior身份认证timestamp时间标记reply attack检测重放攻击realm域PKI公钥基础设施certificate hierarchy证书层次结构across certificate交叉证书security domain安全领域cerfificate revoke list(CRL)证书层次结构LDAP:light weight directory access protocol协议access matrix访问矩阵ACL:access control list访问列表reference monitor引用监控器course grained粗粒度访问控制medium grained中粒度访问控制fine grained细粒度访问控制CORBA面向对象的分布系统应用MQ报文队列VPN虚拟专网IPSEC:IP security安全IPSA:security association安全??encopulation security payload封装安全负载AH:authentication header鉴别报头IKE:Internet key exchange交换rogue programs捣乱程序IPSP:IP security protocol安全IKMP:internet key managemetn protocol协议IESGInternet工程领导小组SHA安全散列算法MAC:message authentication code代码CBC密码块链接SSL安全套接层协议cerfificate verify证书检验报文PEM私用强化邮件PGP:pretty good privacy好的private保密authenticated已认证SEPP安全电子付费协议SET安全电子交易middleware中间件GSS-API通用安全服务SNP安全网络编程BWD:browser web database浏览WEBplugin插入件basic authentication scheme不知道 digest authentication scheme摘要认证方法open group:the open group research institute研究所DCE:distributed computing environment分布式计算机环境SLP:secure local proxy安全局部代理SDG:secure domain proxy安全域代理OMG:object management group目标管理组CORBS:common object request broker architecture不清楚authentication鉴别access control访问控制data confidnetiality保密data integrity数据完整性non-reputation防止否认enciphermant 加密机制digital signature mechanisms数据完整性authentication mechanisms路由控制机制notarization mechanisms公证trusted function可信security labels安全标记event dectection事件检测security audit trail安全审计跟踪security recovery安全恢复TCSEC:trusted computer system evaluation criteria标准TCSEC TNI:trusted network interpretation of the TCSEC标准TCSEC TDI:trusted database interpretation of the TCSEC标准 ITSEC:information technology security evaluation标准 CC:command criteria for IT security evaluation安全classified criteria for secruity protection 中国安全of computer information system中国安全GB17859-1999国标TCB:trusted computing base SNMP:simple network management protocol网管ICMP:internet control message protocol互联网控制信息协议ARP:address resolution protocol地址解析协议 TCP:transmission control protocol传输控制协议UDP:user datagram protocol用户数据报协议SMTP:simple mail transfer protocol简单邮件传输DNS:domain name service服务器NSP:name service protocol服务器TElnet:telcommunication networkTELEGP:exterior gateway protocol外部网关连接器协议IGP:inter gateway protocol内部网关连接器协议SLIP串行接口协议 PPP点对点协议UNICAST单播地址cluster群集地址multicast组播地址 scable model可伸缩模型integrated model集成模型OLAP联机分析工具NAS:network applications supportDEC公司的工具NWC:newwave computingHP工具OCCA:open cooperative computing architecture开放合作计算体系结构DAA:distributed application architectureDG的分布应用体系结构COSE:common opensystem enviroment通用开放系统环境CDE:common desktop enviroment通用桌面环境DCE分布式计算环境RPC远程过程调用DME分布管理环境OSE/APP开放系统环境应用可移植框架ODA开放文件体系结构ODL开放文件语言ODIF开放文件交换格式GKS图形核心系统 PHIGS编程的层次交换式图形系统GOSIP政府开放系统互联框架EEI:extenal environment interface扩展环境接口CGI:common gateway interface公用网关接口Internal web内部环球网mail lists邮件列表newgroups新闻组chat闲谈IRC:internet relay chat聊天VRML:virtual reality modeling language语言workflow工作流groupware群件video conferencing视频会议ADSL:asymmetric digital subscriber line不对称数字用户DBS:direct broadcast satellite直播广播卫星VPN:virtual private networks虚拟专网ISPInternet服务提供商SSL:secure sockets layer安全套接层PCT:private communication technology专网通信技术STLP:secure transport layer protocol安全传送层SET:secure electrionic transaction安全电子传送proxy server代理服务器POP3:post office protocolPOP3邮局IMAP4:internet message protocol4邮件协议WYSIWYG:what you see is what you get所见即所得NDIS网络设备接口标准NETBT:NETBIOS over TCP/IP协议IIS:Internet Information ServerMicrosoft binding绑定PDC主域控制器BDC备份域控制器DCOM分布组件对象模式WINS:windows internet name service服务器RR:resource record 资源记录CSNW:client service for netware客服network address translation网络地址转换loopback回送dotted quad notation点分形式packet分组forward向前account帐号compatibility兼容性assume担任dummy哑终端western digitial/SMC cards卡portable便携BIND:berkeley internet name domain service不知道resolver library不知道 spoofing欺骗multi homed多宿主RR:resource record.资源记录 Lynx Mosaic Netscape Hotjava浏览器URL:uniform resource locator统一资源定位webmaster主HTML hypertext markup language超文本语言anonymous/ftp匿名FTP/companyUNIX下存放公司本身的信息/pubUNIX下的公用软件/in-comingUNIX匿名FTP用户上载文件目录/usr /bin /etcFTP占用的目录mirror sites文件服务器镜像系统WAIS:wide area information search查询description描述catalog目录、手册inverted颠倒internetworked enterprise互联网上的企业interenterprise computing企业间的计算CSCW:computer supported cooperative work计算机支持协同工作interactive/communication交互通信coordination协调collaboration协作cooperation协同co-located 同地协作remote远程协作message systems信报系统platform平台collabration/cooperation协调和协作方式commerce主题content/message内容profit利润BtoC(B2C):business to consumer企业对消费者PtoP(C2C):person to person个人对个人BtoG:business to government企业对政府virtual store虚拟商店virtual electronic mall虚拟电子商场virtual electronic commerce city虚拟电子商城distance education/learning远程教育network-based distance education远程网络教育tele-access远程访问tele-mentoring远程辅导tele-sharing远程共享virtual publishing虚拟出版virtual classroom虚拟教室awareness互相感知CSCL:computer supported cooperative learning远程合作educational groupware system教育组件系统telemedicine远程医疗virtual LAN虚拟LANSRB:source route bridging源路由网桥SRT:source route transparent源路由透明网桥SBS:source route switching源路由交换网桥NAT:network address translation网络地址转换PAP:password authentication protocol密码验证协议CHAP:challenge handshake authentication protocol请求握手验证协议DSL数字用户线路CATV有线电视ADSL非对称DSLHDSL高比特速率VDSL极高比特速率SDSL单线DSLRADSL速率自适应ISDNDSLIDSLCDSL用户DSLDS DS0 DS1 DS1C DS2 DS3 DS4DS系列E E1 E2 E3E系列(欧洲标准)CEPT欧洲邮电委员会SDH同步光纤网络STS不清楚SONET同步光纤网络RED随机早期测试SCS结构化综合布线系统ISO,Intenational organization for standardization国际标准化组织 ITU-T,International Telecommunication Union国际联盟电信标准T:Telecommunication standardization sector电信标准分会CCITT:international telegraph & telephone consultative committeeITU-T的前身SNMP:Simple network management protocol简单网络管理协议PPP:Point to Point protocol点对点协议RIP:Routing Information protocol路由信息协议WAP:wireless applicaition protocol无线应用协议OSPF:open shortest path control protocol开放的最短路径优先协议HDLC:high level datalink control protocol协议RARP: reverse address resolution protocol知MAC求IP地址CNNIC中国互联网中心history历史ISP:Internet service provider服务商UNINET联通:联通公用计算机互联网xDSL:x digital subscriber line数字用户线路HDSL:high bit rate两对双绞线 E1速率SDSL:symmetric DSL单对双绞线RADSL:rate adaptive DSL速率自适应DSLsettop box机顶盒WAP:wireless markup protocol无线协议IPV6IETP在RFC1550规定policy base networking策略网络MPLS多协议标记交换linux OS操作系统VPN虚拟专用网IPX/SPX:Novell netware客户机使用一种网络协议NETBEUI小型网络上的高速通信协议MTU:maximum transmission unit最大传输单位MSS:maximum segment size最大分段尺寸default receive windows预设接收窗口TTL:time to live留存时间ICQ:I seek you我找你SMTP:simple mail transfer protocol简单邮件传输协议POP3:post office protocol version3POP3的邮局 IMAP:Internet message access protocol协议specify明确、说明special 专用role入口 AAL ATM adaptation layerABRAvailable bit rateADPCMadaptive differntial pulse code modulationADSLasymmtric digital phone systemAMPSadvanced mobile phone systemANSadvanced network and servicesASautonomatic repeat requestASKamplitude shift keyingATDMasynchronous time division multiplexingBERbit error rateBGPborder gateway protocolB-ISDNbroad integrated services digital networkBOOTPbootstrapping protocolBRIbasic rate interfaceBUSbroadcast/unknown serverCATVcable televisionCACconnection admission controlCBRcontinusou bit rateCDMAcode division multiple accessCDPDcellular digital packet dataCDVcell delay variationCLIPATM managerCIDRclassless interDomain RoutingCMIPcommon management information protocolCMIScommon management information serviceCMOTcommon management information service and protocol over TCP/IPCNOMcommittee of network operation&managementCORBAcommon object request broker architectureCPCScommon part convergence sublayer CRcarriage returnCSconvergence sublayerCSMA/CD冲突检测CSU/DSU频道服务单元/数据服务单元DARPAdefense advanced research project agencyDCEdata circuit terminating equipmentDDNdigital data networkDIMEdistributed management environmentDPIdot per inchDQDBdistributed queue dual busDEN目录服务DSMA digital CSMA/CD sense multi-accessDVMRPdistance vector multicast routing protocolEGPexterior gateway protocolEMAethernet media adapterFAQfrequently answer questionFCSfast circuit switchingFDDIfiber distributed data interfaceFECforward error correctionFSKfrequency shift keyingFTTC/FTTHfiber to the curb/homeGCRAgeneric cell rate algorithmGGPgateway gateway protocolGSM全球通HECheader error controlHCSheader checked sequenceHDLChigh level data link controlHDTVhigh definition televisionHFChybird fiber coaxHIPPIhigh performance parallel interface HTTPhypertext transfer protocolIABinternet architecture boardIAPinternet access provider(ISP)ICCBinternet control & congigruration boardICMPinternet control message protocolICXinter cartridge exchangeIDPinternetwork datagram protocolIDUinterface data unitIEEEInstitute of Electrical& Electronic EngineersIGMPInternet group managament protocol 推荐你看这个网站