陕西导游证导游词英文

华清池位于西安市城东30公里处的临潼区内，南依骄山，北临渭水，内有自然造化的天然温泉。优越的地理条件和自然环境适于原始人类在此繁衍生息，更吸引了在陕西建都的历代帝王在此修建离宫别苑，自古以来就是我国著名的沐浴游览胜地。

华清池历史沿革

根据历史文献和考古发掘的资料证明，华清池已有6000年的温泉使用史和3000年的皇家园林建筑史。近年来，考古工作者在温泉总源北侧基建时挖掘出大量的泥质夹沙红陶片，其纹饰、火候、陶质、陶色均与原始社会仰韶文化时期的“姜寨遗址”出土的陶器完全相同。这表明早在6000多年以前，原始先民便在这天赐之水的滋润下，繁衍生息，创造出灿烂的史前文明。早在3000年前的西周时，周幽王就在此修有“骊宫”，周以后经历了秦始皇的“骊山汤”、汉武帝的“汉骊宫”、唐太宗的“汤泉宫”、唐高宗的“温泉宫”，到了唐代第七位皇帝唐玄宗李隆基时期，在以前宫殿的基础上充分发挥地理上的优势，依骊山的山势而筑，环山列宫殿，宫周筑罗城，并修有登山的夹道和通往长安的复道，把这里同长安的“大明宫”、“兴庆宫”连为一体。公元747年，新宫落成，李隆基赐名华清宫，后因宫内多温泉浴池，又名“华清池”，并一直沿用至今。唐华清宫为富丽宏大的建筑群，从山顶至山下，宫殿林立，楼阁相属。既合理地利用了温泉，又体现了宫内严谨的布局。宫内置百宫衙署及公卿府第，新修有玄宗皇帝专用的“御汤九龙殿”、杨贵妃沫浴的“海棠汤”及供百官公卿沐浴的“尚食汤”、“少阳汤”、“长汤十六所”等。除此之外，还修有专供唐玄宗与杨贵妃寻欢作乐的“斗鸡殿”、“按歌台”、“大小马球汤”、“舞马台”等。至此，华清池达到了它历史上的鼎盛时期，出现了“高高骊山上有宫，朱楼紫殿三四重”的壮观景象。

华清池是唐玄宗与杨贵妃爱情罗曼史的历史见证。杨贵妃原名杨玉环，生于公元718年，唐代蒲州永乐 (今山西永济)人。从小随叔父在河南长大。她天资聪颖、通音律、善歌舞，与西施、昭君、貂蝉并称中国古代四大美女。公元735年，杨玉环被册封为唐玄宗第十八子寿王李瑁妃。公元737年，唐玄宗的宠妃武惠妃去世，玄宗悼惜不已，整日闷闷不乐，后宫美女数千，竟无一人中意，洞知玄宗心思的高力士便暗搜外宫，于公元740年发现寿王妃，并被玄宗看中，为避人耳目，将寿王妃召入道观，赐道号太真，这样一来就解除了李瑁与杨贵妃的夫妻关系。公元745年八月初六唐玄宗正式册封杨玉环为贵妃。因唐玄宗通音律，而杨玉环善歌舞，两人在感情志趣上情投意合，使得玄宗对杨玉环宠爱有加，宫中呼为“娘子”，礼仪皆如皇后，真是“后宫佳丽三千人，三千宠爱在一身”。

据史载，公元750年，唐玄宗与杨贵妃在骊山半山腰的长生殿前相依而立，他仰望星空，因羡慕牛郎织女的多情，伤感人世间的多变，便双双跪地对天盟誓，愿生生世世为夫妻。《长恨歌》中“七月七日长生殿，夜半无人私语时。在天愿作比翼鸟，在地愿为连理枝”就是对此情景的描写。

“门外千宫罢早朝，三郎沉醉不知晓”，从公元747年至公元755年，每年十月，玄宗便携贵妃姊妹及亲信大臣，从京都长安来华清宫淋浴温泉，号称“避寒”，直到第二年暮春三月才返回京师长安。“十月一日天子来，青绳御路无尘埃”，他们在这里度七夕，避夏暑，处理朝政并接受万国使臣的朝拜。所以华清宫又有“第二都城”、“第二长安”之称。他们整日饮酒作乐，由梨园弟子奏乐助兴，打马球、观斗鸡、看舞马。由于唐玄宗在执政后期整日过着“春宵苦短日高起，从此君王不朝”的奢靡生活，终于导致公元755年的“安史之乱”。“西出都门百余里，六军不发无奈何”。士兵们杀了宰相杨国忠，并逼玄宗赐缔杨贵妃于马嵬坡 (今陕西兴平)。从此，华清宫失去了往日的辉煌。后晋时这里被赐为道观。宋、元、明、清还曾有多位皇帝游幸至此，但都未能达到唐华清宫的盛大规模。

好了，请各位跟随我一同去领略这座千年皇家园林的魁力。

飞霜殿

我们首先来到的是以九龙湖为中心的风景游览区。映人眼帘的这座宏伟的仿古建筑，便是飞霜殿。唐时的飞霜殿，是唐玄宗与杨贵妃游幸骊山使用的寝殿。相传此殿落成之时，正适冬季，雪花漫天飞舞，还没落及地面就被大殿四周温泉的热气蒸腾到空中，落雪为霜，故称 "飞霜殿"。现在已成为华清池的贵宾接待室。

御汤遗址博物馆

接下来我们去参观华清宫御汤遗址博物馆：唐御汤遗址发现于1982年4月，经考古工作者8年的发掘考证，在4000多平方米的遗址内清理出“海棠汤”,“莲花汤”,“星辰汤”,“尚食汤”、“太子汤”5组汤池遗址和众多的文物遗迹，引起史学界的高度重视。1990年9月，建成了我国目前唯一的汤池遗址博物馆，1996年11月华清宫御汤遗址被国务院正式公布为全国第四批重点文物保护单位。

“海棠汤”又名“芙蓉汤”，俗称“贵妃汤”。始建于公元747年，因汤池平面呈一朵盛开的海棠花而得名。唐人的构思超俗，设计新颖，一方面用海棠花的艳丽衬托贵妃的娇美;另一方面用海棠花的造型形象比喻杨贵妃丰腆的形体。汤池的池壁由四块墨玉 (即青石，经打磨后，通体釉黑，为皇家上等贡品)拼砌而成，汤池东西长米，南北宽米，东西两侧分别设有一组踏步便于上下，充分体现出唐代建筑艺术中对称协调的美学观念。不仅如此，汤池的供水系统也设计得非常科学合理，池底正中有一直径为10厘米的进水口，进水口上装莲花喷头，寓意为海棠花的花蕊，下接陶制水管道，与温泉总源相通。温泉因自然压力从花蕊中自动喷洒而出，喷出的形式与喷泉相似，而洒下来的形质，不正是今天生活中的淋浴吗?

“回眸一笑百媚生，六宫粉熏无颜色”的杨贵妃在海棠汤中淋浴了近八个春秋。淋浴时为增加情趣，池中洒有鲜花的花瓣和具有美容养颜功效的中药材及价值昂贵的香料 (如紫檀、多摩罗香、沉香、丁香、麝香等)，享受香汤沐浴。“骊山飞泉泛暖香，九龙呵护玉莲房”，贵妃在这里荡涤尘垢，也在这里享受着温泉赐给她的尊贵、温暖与舒适。她沐浴时宛如海棠初睡的娇媚姿态不仅深受玄宗皇帝的宠爱，也成为历代文人墨客吟诗作画的素材，创作出无数流传千古的诗词歌赋。白居易的《长恨歌》中"春寒赐浴华清池，温泉水滑洗凝脂。侍儿扶起娇无力，始是新承恩泽时。"便是对此情景的绝妙写照。

莲花汤是专供唐玄宗李隆基沐浴的，是唐华清宫御汤遗址中最有气势、最具代表性的汤池，也称“御汤九龙殿”。当您第一眼看到它，一定会为它的气势所震撼。宫殿建筑面积达400多平方米，有内外殿之分。御汤可储水近l00立方米，俨然是一座庞大的室内游泳池，充分显示出唐代追求恢弘大气的社会风尚及皇权神授的至高无上和唯我独尊。

莲花汤造型奇特，上下两层台阶不同的造型是唐代工匠创造性审美取向的结晶，上平面四角有一定的曲线变化，呈写实的莲花状;下平面为规则的八边形，“八边”代表着大地的八个方位，取"普天之下，莫非王土"之意，而莲花设计在大地八极之上，完全合乎于根植于大地土壤之中而花浮于水的特殊生长规律;水、土、花三者紧密关联不可分割，这是自然与宗教观念的整合，是将沐浴看作是与自然的沟通，最终实现“天人合一”的理念，这也就是唐人心目中沐浴的最高境界。李隆基是狂热的道教徒，他希望通过淋浴与天相连，在清泉、莲花的护佑下，求得一种解脱，一种升华，从而达到延年益寿、长生不老的目的。这座汤池无疑是唐代礼制宫设计师煞费苦心的创作，也深刻反映出玄宗皇帝对人间现实的肯定和感受、憧憬和执著。

星辰汤是唐太宗李世民“汤泉宫”的文化遗存。建于公元644年，专供唐太宗李世民所用，原名“御汤”，占地面积100多平方米，是目前国内发现的最大的御用汤池。整个汤池的设计是阎立德根据唐代礼制规定，再结合天空星象、二十四节气，即天、地、人三位一体的理念设计建造的。古代人相信天上有天帝主宰宇宙，地上有皇帝统治人民，星座的位移、明暗、陨落，反映着皇权的变化。信奉“天人合一”说的唐玄宗便将酷像北斗七星的“御汤”，更名为“星辰汤”。很显然，这些用意就是想企求苍天北斗保佑李氏王朝，永固帝位。当然也有企求皇天赐福，得道成仙，长生不老的内心秘密。星辰汤离温泉水源最近，水质最好，地理位置最优越。泉水因自然漫溢涌人汤池形成了现代的自流水及冲浪浴的沐浴方式，更吸引了多位皇帝在此修建汤池。在1982年修复过程中，考古工作者又考证在星辰汤的底部叠压着秦始皇的"骊山汤"和汉武帝的“汉离宫”文化遗存，并在文化层中发现了中国历史上最早的皇室配套浴具——陶瓮、陶鉴和我国考古界目前发掘的唯一的木门，为研究秦代汉淋浴文化提供了佐证材料。

尚食汤，形制小，工艺简单，并无奇特造型，相对于前面的御用汤池，显然沐浴者的地位不及前者。曾有人解释:尚食汤是专供尚食局官员沐浴的。然而根据考古学家多年的考证，只定位尚食官员不太准确。古文献记载，“尚”字还包括“赏赐、给予”的含义，而唐代除尚食局外，随皇帝出行的还有尚药、尚衣、尚社、尚乘、尚擎五局官员。就汤池的整体结构分析，汤池中间设有石隔墙，东、南、北三面修砌有入池石台阶，池中并无固定的坐向位置，充分说明尚食汤面积虽小，但在此沫浴的人较多，使用率较高，身份也较复杂。所以推断得出，尚食汤在华清宫可解释为皇帝赏赐给等级较高的随行内侍官员的沐浴场所，在此沐浴常沐皇恩，知圣心之苦衷，为唐王朝的江山社稷效忠。由于史记记载较少，有关此汤池的诸多疑问(如：台阶下的百坑以及石隔墙的用途)，还有待于考古专家进一步的探讨和论证。

太子汤的沐浴者，顾名思义就是东宫的皇太子，建于公元644年，先后共经历80余年。沐浴的皇太子有李承乾、李治、李忠、李弘、李贤、李宪、李旦、李崇君、李隆基、李瑛共10人，其中仅有4位君临天下，其他的几位都成了皇权斗争的牺牲品。由此可见，唐宫廷内部争夺皇位是何等的激烈和残酷。

太子汤采用“星辰汤”排水道供水，即摆正了皇帝与皇太子之间的尊卑关系，解决了礼制犯忌的问题，又寓意着来自“星辰汤”的温泉能使皇太子常沐父皇恩泽。由于太子汤的四壁及池底遭到较严重的破坏，唐时的青石板大多已不复存在，再考虑到整个博物馆的建筑格局，所以太子汤以露天的形式陈设。

以上介绍的五组汤池，它们大小不一，形制各异，各具风格与特色，为研究中国古代沐浴史、唐宫廷建筑史、封建社会的等级制度、中国古代利用地热资源史均提供了翔实的史料依据，也极大地丰富了华清池的历史文化内涵。

温泉水源

我们眼前这座拱形的建筑便是温泉池的总源。我国有温泉2700多处，是世界上温泉最多的国家之一。而华清池的骊山温泉因开发利用早，并且受历代帝王青睐而名冠诸泉之首，享有“天下第一御泉”的美称。

温泉，大多含有对人体有益的矿物质和微量元素。沐浴温泉，不仅可以消除疲劳，还具有治疗多种疾病的功效。骊山温泉水温常年在43C，水质纯净，具有医疗价值的矿物质和微量元素的含量较高。根据科学检测，骊山温泉水质属低矿化、弱碱性、中等放射性泉水，故又称硅水、氟水和放射性氨水。这些均达到了医疗用水的标准，故有“自然之经方，天地之元气”的美称。由于温泉神奇的功效，赢得帝王们的特别喜好，并形成了一种专供帝王享用的传统特权。

骊山温泉可疗疾起源于2000年前的秦代，《三秦》记载：秦始皇幸游骊山时遇见一位神女，遂有调戏之举，神女一气之下唾于始皇面部，始皇脸部遂即生疮，病久治不愈。始皇追悔莫及，向神女表示仟悔，神女见其有悔改之意，便说：“此有温汤，何不一洗”，始皇就用骊山温泉治疗了毒疮。秦始皇汤戏神女的传说虽不足信，但却印证了温泉可治愈疾病的历史。

骊山温泉除其特有的医疗作用和得天独厚的自然条件外，还可改变植物的生长习性。相传秦始皇在冬季命人在骊山温谷中种西瓜，引起了儒生们的怀疑而被秦始皇坑杀，酿成了著名的“焚书坑儒”事件。当然这只是传说而已，不足为凭。数百年后的唐代，唐华清宫内辟有西瓜园。王建有“酒幔高楼一百家，宫前杨柳寺开花，内园分得温泉水，二月中旬已进瓜”的佳句，证明了古代劳动人民能巧妙地利用温泉进行农业技术革新。

“西安事变”旧址——环园

华清池不仅在中国古代史上享有盛名，中国近代史上震惊中外的“西安事变”也发生在这里。我们现在就来到了“西安事变”旧址——环园。

环园是1878年临潼县令沈家祯主持营建并题名的，总占地面积6000平方米。园内风貌既具有江南园林优雅别致的风格，又有北方园林殿宇宏伟的特色。主要建筑有望湖楼、飞霞阁、飞虹桥、荷花阁、五间厅、三间厅等。

1900年八国联军攻陷北京，慈禧太后西逃曾驻于此。1936年10月、12月蒋介石两次来陕督战，都以环园为临时行辕，坚持“攘外必先安内”的错误主张，在此布置“剿共”事宜。1936年12月12日，这里爆发了震惊中外的“西安事变”。1982年2月，五间厅、三间厅被国务院公布为全国第二批重点文物保护单位。

五间厅是“西安事变”时蒋介石的下榻之处，由西向东依次为:秘书室、蒋介石卧室、办公室、会议室、侍从室。

“西安事变”爆发于1936年12月12日，所以历史上也称“双十二事变”。它是由国民党内部主张抗日的爱国将领张学良和杨虎城发动的。1931年，日本帝国主义用刺刀和大炮制造了骇人听闻的"九一八"事变，中国面临民族灭亡的紧急关头。野蛮的侵略，激起了全国人民的愤怒，抗日的呼声响彻大江南北、黄河两岸。在民族存亡日益加重的紧要关头，中国共产党于1935年12月在陕北召开了“瓦窑堡会议”，毛泽东根据我国当时的形势，提出了建立民族统一战线的策略，全国各阶层爱国人士积极响应，投身于抗日救国的洪流之中，而蒋介石却置民族安危于不顾，顽固推行“攘外必先安内”的错误政策，他移师西北，把大本营置于西安。

1936年12月4日，蒋介石乘专列第二次来西安，以华清池为临时行辕，下榻于五间厅，准备在此布置实施“剿共”事宜。他一到行辕，便迫不及待地召见了东北军和十七路军师以上的军官，要他们服从命令，进攻陕北红军。蒋介石于12月6日召见了张学良、杨虎城，并向他们摊牌，提出两种方案供其选择：要么全面进攻陕北红军，要么让出陕西，由中央军进剿。12月7日，张学良赴临潼晋见蒋介石并和其“诤谏”，他至诚大义地规劝蒋介石放弃“剿共”内战，却遭到蒋介石的严词训斥。12月8日，张、杨两位将军大义凛然地苦谏，声泪俱下地哭谏，都无济于事。从国家和民族利益出发，两位将军在西安止园商定，以武装形势逼蒋介石停止内战、一致抗日。12月9日凌晨，古城学生举行纪念“一二.九”运动一周年请愿游行，准备步行来临潼向蒋介石请愿。蒋介石听到消息后大发雷霆，命令张学良前去制止学生闹事，并声称：“如不听者，格杀勿论。”游行队伍行至灞桥时，被张学良驱车阻止，学生们声泪俱下地讲述了各种理由，说明一定要到行辕请愿。面对热血沸腾的爱国学生，张学良恳切地说："同胞们!同学们!我张学良是国家的军人，我绝不辜负你们救国的心愿，绝不欺骗大家，一星期之内，我用事实答复你们。"学生们报以热烈的掌声，在张学良将军的劝阻下，学生们陆续返回西安。而此时的蒋介石正在行辕内的宴会厅宴请东北军和十七路军的部分高级将领，加紧分化收买工作。张学良深夜赴临潼华清池见蒋，向蒋转达了学生们的请求，而蒋介石却置之不理。张学良无奈地离开五间厅后，蒋介石取出纸章，给陕西省政府主席邵力子写了一纸手谕，欲解除张学良和杨虎城的兵权。

12月10日，张学良、杨虎城决心对蒋介石实行兵谏。12月12日凌晨3时左右，东北军外线部队的两个团迅速进入骊山附近，包围了华清池，解除了驻华清池附近的宪兵武装，在骊山脚下打响了“西安事变”的第一枪。蒋介石听到枪声，因不知敌情，未及穿衣，便和侍卫官及随从仓皇而逃，在翻越后门时，不小心摔伤了脊梁，还丢了一只鞋子，由随从扶掖向山上逃去。

党卫队冲入第二道门，冲人五间厅，闯进蒋介石卧室时，发现室内空无一人，而蒋介石的衣帽、斗篷、假牙尚在，伸手摸摸被窝仍有余温，推测蒋介石并未逃远，于是开始大规模搜山，发现骊山半山腰虎斑石处的夹缝中躲藏有人，立即间：“什么人，还不出来，要开枪了。”蒋介石终于从夹缝中走出，却意外地发现，搜山的并不是红军而是东北军，连声问：“张副司令在哪里，在哪里。”此时的蒋介石身穿古铜色睡袍，浑身是土，冻得瑟瑟发抖，在士兵的扶掖下，被护送至西安。

在临潼发生激烈枪战的同时，杨虎城将军的官兵也迅速行动，解除了中央宪兵团的武装，扣押了随蒋来陕北的要员陈诚、卫立煌等，占领了飞机场、火车站，很快控制了西安的局势。1陕西导游资格证考试2陕西省导游资格考试3陕西导游资格考试4陕西省导游资格证5陕西导游网6陕西导游词7陕西导游8陕西导游考试9陕西导游考试试题10陕西英语导游词11陕西八大景点导游词12陕西导游试题13陕西省导游考试14陕西英文导游词15陕西导游论坛16陕西华清池导游词17陕西导游证182007陕西导游考试19陕西导游培训学校20陕西导游考试网21陕西英语导游考试题22陕西省导游232007年陕西导游考试24陕西导游证考试25陕西导游考试真题26陕西省导游网27陕西导游证考试题28陕西导游学校29陕西导游社区30陕西导游培训31陕西导游考试时间3207陕西导游考试3307年陕西导游考试34陕西导游讲解视频35陕西导游培训学院36陕西英语导游37陕西兵马俑导游词38陕西导游考试导游词39陕西导游大赛视频40陕西省导游证考试41陕西红色旅游导游词42陕西延安导游词43陕西导游考试口试44陕西导游考试模拟题45陕西省导游考试时间46陕西乾陵导游词47陕西大雁塔导游词48陕西导游欢迎词49陕西导游讲解词50陕西省英语导游词

“西安事变”爆发后，中国共产党派出了以周恩来、秦邦宪、叶剑英为首的代表团抵达西安，为“西安事变”的和平解决作出了多方面努力，终于迫使蒋介石答应“停止内战，一致抗日”的要求，遂于12月25日释放蒋介石回南京。“西安事变”的和平解决，结束了长达10年之久的国共内战，促进了抗日民族统一战线的形成，使抗日战争得到了广泛发动。华清池五间厅的墙壁上、玻璃窗上的累累弹痕将永远铭记着中国现代革命史上的重大事件——“西安事变”。华清池也因承载着这一段历史而名载史册。

昔日的皇宫禁苑，天子御汤，今日已成为融风景园林、文物遗址、温泉沫浴于一体的综合性的旅游胜地。1982年华清池被列入全国第一批全国风景名胜区，1998年被建设部授予“中国名园”，2000年被评为全国首批“AAAA”级旅游景区。正如郭沫若吟诗所咏：“华清池水色清苍，此日规模越盛唐。不仅宫池依旧制，而今民庶尽天王。”

延伸阅读:

导游词功能

1.引导游客鉴赏

导游词的宗旨是通过对旅游景观绘声绘色地讲解、指点、评说，帮助旅游者欣赏景观，以达到游览的最佳效果。

2.传播文化知识

传统文化知识即向游客介绍有关旅游胜地的历史典故、地理风貌、风土人情、传说故事、民族习俗、古迹名胜、风景特色，使游客增长知识。

3.陶冶游客情操

导游词的语言应具有言之有理、有物、有情、有神等特点。通过语言艺术和技巧，给游客勾画出一幅幅立体的图画，构成生动的视觉形象，把旅游者引入一种特定的意境，从而达到陶冶情操的目的。

此外，导游词通过对旅游地出产物品的说明、讲解，客观上起到向游客介绍商品的作用。

Foguang Temple The Foguang Temple is located on a slope of 32 kilometres to the north east of Wutaixian County , amidst a grove of trees. Construction be-gan during the northern Wei dynasty (471-499)m and the most famous of its halls, the Hall of the Great Buddha, is in a style unique to the Tang dynasty. It is the oldest wooden structure now extant. The hall stands on a high platform and consists of seven bays and measures 32 metres in height from the platform surface to the top of the ridge-end ornament. This magnificent wooden structure is decorated with murals of faces and figures. Foguang Temple was damaged in 845 during the Fifth Year O? the Reign of Wuzhong of the Tang Dynasty and rebuilt in 857 by Emperor Xuan Zhong of the Tang dynasty. Since it has under-gone renovation and reconstruction throughout the long history, so that only the existing primitive and simple and hexagonal Zhu Shi Pagoda (Founder of Buddhism) dates from the Northern Wei dynasty . ( In 845, Emperor Wu Zhong abolished Buddhism and burned down Buddhist temples including the Foguang Temple. After Xuan Zhong succeeded to the throne , the first thing he did was to restore Buddhism and rebuild Foguang Temple, also known as the Temple of Buddha's Halo. The temple of Buddha's Halo included : the Hall of the Great Buddha ( the Eastern Hall ), the Wenshu () Hall, the Shanmen Gate (Lokapala), the hall of Kasyapa , Wan Shan Tang Hall, Xiangfeng Huayu Building, wing-rooms and grottoes. All are masterpieces in ancient Chinese architecture. Now there are many Tang Dynasty statues, murals of faces and figures , stone (round or hexagonal)pillars with Buddhist inscriptions, inscriptions of Chinese calligraphy and white marble sculptures . Accompanied by the Wei and Tang dynasties stone sculptures , tombs , pagodas in and out of the temples they have been treasured in and out of China. The Hall of the Great Buddha , the main building, was built in the Tang Dynasty. It's plain and solemn in shape. On the gates and beams there are still many insc-riptions by the people of Tang and other dynasties. According to the inscri-ption on the stone pillar in front of this hall and inscription on the wall in-side the hall, the Hall of the Great Buddha was built in 857. As mentioned in the last paragraph, the hall stands on a high platform and consists of -seven bays with a totalspace of 677 square metres. Massive brackets are used under the caves. The various parts are so well-proportioned as to give the whole struc-ture and appearance of grandour and solidity. The brackets, the beams and the caissoned ceiling in the hall are neatly constructed and gracefully designed , so these structural parts serve also a decorative purpose. This hall is , indeed, a supreme work of art. It is a representative work of the Tang wooden framework architecture. In the hall, there is a spacious platform with three Buddhas and some attendants and consecrate Bodhisattvas on it. Sakyamuni is in the middle and two disciples b-eside. The other two Buddhas are Maitreya and Amitabha, Manjusri riding a lion is or the right and Samantabhadra on an elephnant on th left. In the ends of tne altar stand two giant Skt. Lokapalas. All of these statues are well proportioned and simply moulded. Although they were repainted by the other dynasties, the sculpture style of Tang Dynasty can still be seen on them. In the south of the Buddhist altar, a statue of a middle-aged womwn of Tang Dynasty, who was the benefactor of rebuilding the Hall of the Great Buddha,was vividly carved,with a serious and noole manner. The murals greatly remained in the Hall are mostly related to the religion. A longmural about 450cm long and 66cm high are divided into 3 distinct groups. In subject,matter the wall paintings of the central group centre on Jataka, fables and tales about the previous existence of Sakya-muni , containing murals of Skt. Avalokitesvara, Mahasthanaprapta and Bodhisa-ttvas . The other groups on both sides centre on Skt. Manjusri and Skt. Samantabhadra followed by worshipping Bodhisattvas , and Apsaras in the form of marching to a meeting. Donators are found on both sides, the northern ones in monk dress, the southern common . Technically speaking, these three groups of murals are as important as those of the Dunhuang Grottoes. The wall paintings back of the statue of tne Main Buddha depicted Skt. Loka-pala , , dragons and monkey. The images were depi?ted with light and forceful strokes followed the style of Wu Daozi, something like his picture entitled "Combing the Hills ". They also have a unique style of their own. They are the only earlier mural in the existing Chinese wooden framework architecture. Another hall is Wenshu() Hall, the architectural feature of which is less pillars were used. This is a model of ancient reducing pillar buildings. Built in 1137 during the 15th year of the Reign of Tian Hui of the Jin Dynasty , it is in the form of single eaved hip roof type, measuring 7 bay in width , 4 bay in depth. It has an elegant yet dignified appearance which marks it as the rarest specimen of ancient Chinese wooden architecture. On the top of the hall there is a glazed Pagoda. The whole tower has a simple but dignified appearance in beautiful color. It was built in 1351. The feature of the Jin architecture is unusually represented here. The inclined bracket set for Pu Zhuo under the eaves are especially large which is another feature of Liao and Jin Dynasties architecture. In the centre of the Temple of the Giant Buddhais is the statues of Skt. Manjusri and his six attendants in handsome complexion. TheseJin Dyasty relics are well decorated. Carved on the lower part of the entire walls are the Five Hundred Luohan dated from 1426-1435 during the Reign of Xuen De of the Ming front of the Temple of the Giant Buddhais is a Tang Dynasty stone pillar pagoda inscribed with sutras and the llth Year of the Reign of Da Zhong when the Temple of Giant Buddha was constructed. The other stone pagoda shape with sutras stands in the yard within the temple gate dated from 877 in the Fourth Year of the Reign of Qianfu of the Tang Dynasty . Pagoda is important part of Foguang Temple complex. On the left side of the Temple of the Giang Buddha is a two storeyed hexagonal structure pagoda. It is built entirely of brick. Inside the building, the upper is solid, the lower part hollow. Its pillar is decorated with Indian styled lotus known as Zhu Shi Pagoda , it evidenced the cultural exchange between India and China and dated from Northern Wei or Northern the side of the Fo Guang Temple there are six Tang or Jin Dynasty tombs. The 1230 year old Wugou Jinguan Pagoda was built in the period of Tian Bao reign of the Tang dynasty. The lotus throne upon which the Buddha sits is painted with white lime and covered with colored picture and lotus flowers in dark red and yellow color. It is the only specimen among the existing styles of temples. Besides, a similar form once appeared in the Dunhuang Grottoes paintings of mural. Relics of Foguang Temple is the cream of Tang's flourishing Buddhist culture and art. It is a treasure house of our national culture. Foguang Temple has been opened to the public.

导游词是导游人员引导游客观光游览时的讲解词，是导游员同游客交流思想，向游客传播文化知识的工具，也是应用写作研究的文体之一。下面是我给大家分享的有关导游词的资料，仅供参考。欢迎关注更多相关信息。 North Slope of Changbai Mountain The Changbai Mountain is renowned for one of the top 10 mountains in China, and a National Nature Reserve in Jilin Province. It welcomes and attracts the tourists at home and abroad with its beauty and grace. When Deng Xiaoping, China’s chief designer of the reform and opening up to the outside world, visited the mountain, he highly appraised it saying, “it will be a lifelong regret for not mounting the Changbai Mountain”. I think you will enjoy yourselves in this tour, a tour of ecologyand a tour of back-to-nature. Now we are in the world-fame Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve. It was founded in 1960. In 1980, it was listed among the protection network of the UN “Man and Biosphere” as a World Nature Reserve. In 1986, it was in the list of National Forest and Wildlife Reserve and in 2000, it was authorized Grade AAAA Tourist site. Changbai Mountain Nature Resure is a nature and forest ecosystemwith the Tianchi Lake as its centre. The reserve covers an area of 196,465 hectares, scatteringover the land of 3 counties of Antu, Fusong and Changbai, and is close to the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea to the Southeast. On the same latitude, it is the only reserve with primitiveness, abundant species and a complete ecosystem. It is a typical representative of the mountainous ecosystem of the north hemisphere in Euro-Asian continent. In the reserve, there are not only primitive forests but also tundra, grasslands, lakes, rivers and marshlands. Statistics shows that there are more than 2,540 species of wild plants, and 1,508 species of animals. Among them are 364 species of spinal cordanimals and 780 species of insects. The Changbai Mountain stands tall and erect rising and falling here and there. The natural environment is of complicated vatiety. Climate, soil and living things are changing distinctly with the rising of elevation. From its foot to top, 4 distinctive sceneries are formed because of striking change of temperature: The Belt of Conifersand Broadleaf Trees, The Belt of Conifers, the Belt of Birch and the Belt of Tundra. At the foot of the mountain, trees are lush and flourishing, but on the top of the mountain there are no trees, no grass at all. If we climb the mountain, it seems as if we traveled from the temperate zone to the polar zone, experiencing the two greatly different worlds with differernt views. And all this shows the dramatic weather changes. A poem pictures this: The mountain experiences 4 seasons in a day, Its temperature differs dramatically in a 10-li way. The Changbai Mountain is a dormant volcano which has eruptedthree times：August, 1597, April 2nd , 1668 and April 3rd , 1702—over 300 years up to now. And now its geographicchanges are still going on. The magic and charm of the mountain lies in its magnificent nature view and winter scenery with thick snow. Here you can enjoy the boundless virgin woods, vertical landscape belts, distinctive volcanic landformsand the deepest crater lake of the highest elevation in the world. The Changbai Mountain Waterfall is of 68 meters dropping in elevation with hot springs scattering densely in this area. All this shows the mountain is a charming resort you’re longing for. Now, here we are on the peak of the mountain with a full view of the TianchiLake(Heavenly Pond). The lake lies on the top of the volcanic seems as if it is a shining pearl dotted on the peaks. It looks like a fallen leaf in the shape of an ellipse: 4,400 meters long from north to south; 3,370 meters long from east to west. The deepest is 373 meters and 2, meters above sea level. Thus, it is the deepest mountain lake with the highest elevation. In addition, it serves as the border lake between and . Its water is as clear as crystal. Sixteen high and egregious ranges are erectingby the lake, casting the shadow on the surface. The ripple and inverted image of the ranges is picturesque, which pleases you greatly. The folating clouds and fogs are in constant changes. Sometimes it is drizzling while the clouds and fogs are rising and falling, which prevents you from enjoying its charm. And sometimes they are fading away, and it is clear up. All this portraits the perfect view of the Tianchi Lake. Two lines of a poem portrait the grace: Shimmering water at its full, sunny day best, Blurred mountains in a haze—marvelous even in rain. The beauty of the Tianchi Lake comes along with a legend. It goes like this: Once upon a time, the Lady Queen Mother had two daughters. They were alike and beautiful. Nobody could tell who was more beautiful. One day, at a peach immortality in Chinese mythology, god Taibai presented Lady Queen Mother a magic mirror of jade, announcing that it could tell who was more beautiful, the elder one or the younger one. But the mirror turned out to say the younger was more beautiful, which irritated the elder so greatly that she threw it down. And it fell upon the top of the Changbai Mountain, and turned into the Tianchi Lake. The water surface of the lake is 2,189 meters at altitude and its storage capacity is 2,001 billion cubic meters. The lake suspends over the peaks without an inflow but an outflow. You know the water flows all the year round, and it is really amazing and mysterious. Long ago there was a legendary story. It goes like this: There lived a dragon in the lake. It is said the water came from the dragon’s mouth. That’s why the Tianchi Lake is also called the Dragon Pool. So its water is called “saint water” That’s people’s imagination. The water temperature is low, -7 degree centigrade on average. This legend adds mystery to its charm, which invites more and more tourists. Waterfall The Tianchi Lake is in the arms of Changbai Mountain. Overflowing the opening gap between the Tianwen Peak and Longmen Peak in the north, the water runs 1,250 meters up northwards along the cliffs. (the water is called “Chengcuo River” or “Heaven River”.) It dashes down all of sudden from the cliff like throngs of horses galloping. Thus it forms a 68 meters drop in level. That is the famous Changbai Waterfall. Looking at the waterfall from the distance, we can find it seems like white silk suspending half way in the air, or the Milky Way falling from the heaven. The magnificent scene can be rated as one of the top sights. Approaching the waterfall, we could see the white wave splashing and hear the water dabbling like dropping of silver pearls and emeralds. The clear water flares down off the cliff, rushing deep into the valley, roaring and thundering, breaking into droplets, and stirring the curtain of mist. Rushing down the valley and canyon, the water looks like white silk. Local people call it the “White River”. It becomes headstreams of the Songhua River. The spectacular Changbai Waterfall is a constant flow that never freezes even in midwinter. Dashing down from high, the water breaks into myriads of droplets; high up in the air the droplets freeze instantly into hails; and gathering hails turn into icy flowers shooting like silver fire crackers. Small Tianchi On the west bank of the Write River, 3 km away from the north side of the Changbai Waterfall, there is a round lake. That is the Small Tianchi Lake which is also called “silver circle Lake”. It covers an area of 5,000 sqm, 260 meters in perimeter, about 10 meters deep. The water is clear and blue with the inverted image of ranges shooting into the lake and tranquility around, so it attracts thousands upon thousands of tourists and they consider it the fairyland. And their tour is also called the tour in the picture. The legend tells us that long long ago the fairy maidens bathed in the Tianchi Lake, and then came to the now Small Tianchi Lake, dressing themselves up in the lake, as bright as a mirror. So it is named Changbai Jing Lake (the Mirror Lake). ValleyBottom Forest Naturally, forests grow on the ground, but strangely enough, there is an underground forest which grows at the valley bottom. The Valley Bottom Forest is one of the scenic spots on the highest sea level in the Changbai Mountain. It meanders deep into the dense woods from a woody path lying on ghe north side of a high way up to the valley of the White River, winding through the dark primitive forests, entangling lichen, and soft bryophyte, a green carpet for the distant guests. Standing on the edge of the woods, we can have a full view of the whole valley: we can hear the White River murmuring and see a sea of green woods below the valley rolling and spreading. The valley is 50-60meters high and its bottom is 2,500-3000 meters long from north to south. On the bottom, age-old trees erect skyward. Breathing deeply the fresh air will make you joyful and delighted.