山西英语导游证导游词

Foguang Temple The Foguang Temple is located on a slope of 32 kilometres to the north east of Wutaixian County , amidst a grove of trees. Construction be-gan during the northern Wei dynasty (471-499)m and the most famous of its halls, the Hall of the Great Buddha, is in a style unique to the Tang dynasty. It is the oldest wooden structure now extant. The hall stands on a high platform and consists of seven bays and measures 32 metres in height from the platform surface to the top of the ridge-end ornament. This magnificent wooden structure is decorated with murals of faces and figures. Foguang Temple was damaged in 845 during the Fifth Year O? the Reign of Wuzhong of the Tang Dynasty and rebuilt in 857 by Emperor Xuan Zhong of the Tang dynasty. Since it has under-gone renovation and reconstruction throughout the long history, so that only the existing primitive and simple and hexagonal Zhu Shi Pagoda (Founder of Buddhism) dates from the Northern Wei dynasty . ( In 845, Emperor Wu Zhong abolished Buddhism and burned down Buddhist temples including the Foguang Temple. After Xuan Zhong succeeded to the throne , the first thing he did was to restore Buddhism and rebuild Foguang Temple, also known as the Temple of Buddha's Halo. The temple of Buddha's Halo included : the Hall of the Great Buddha ( the Eastern Hall ), the Wenshu () Hall, the Shanmen Gate (Lokapala), the hall of Kasyapa , Wan Shan Tang Hall, Xiangfeng Huayu Building, wing-rooms and grottoes. All are masterpieces in ancient Chinese architecture. Now there are many Tang Dynasty statues, murals of faces and figures , stone (round or hexagonal)pillars with Buddhist inscriptions, inscriptions of Chinese calligraphy and white marble sculptures . Accompanied by the Wei and Tang dynasties stone sculptures , tombs , pagodas in and out of the temples they have been treasured in and out of China. The Hall of the Great Buddha , the main building, was built in the Tang Dynasty. It's plain and solemn in shape. On the gates and beams there are still many insc-riptions by the people of Tang and other dynasties. According to the inscri-ption on the stone pillar in front of this hall and inscription on the wall in-side the hall, the Hall of the Great Buddha was built in 857. As mentioned in the last paragraph, the hall stands on a high platform and consists of -seven bays with a totalspace of 677 square metres. Massive brackets are used under the caves. The various parts are so well-proportioned as to give the whole struc-ture and appearance of grandour and solidity. The brackets, the beams and the caissoned ceiling in the hall are neatly constructed and gracefully designed , so these structural parts serve also a decorative purpose. This hall is , indeed, a supreme work of art. It is a representative work of the Tang wooden framework architecture. In the hall, there is a spacious platform with three Buddhas and some attendants and consecrate Bodhisattvas on it. Sakyamuni is in the middle and two disciples b-eside. The other two Buddhas are Maitreya and Amitabha, Manjusri riding a lion is or the right and Samantabhadra on an elephnant on th left. In the ends of tne altar stand two giant Skt. Lokapalas. All of these statues are well proportioned and simply moulded. Although they were repainted by the other dynasties, the sculpture style of Tang Dynasty can still be seen on them. In the south of the Buddhist altar, a statue of a middle-aged womwn of Tang Dynasty, who was the benefactor of rebuilding the Hall of the Great Buddha,was vividly carved,with a serious and noole manner. The murals greatly remained in the Hall are mostly related to the religion. A longmural about 450cm long and 66cm high are divided into 3 distinct groups. In subject,matter the wall paintings of the central group centre on Jataka, fables and tales about the previous existence of Sakya-muni , containing murals of Skt. Avalokitesvara, Mahasthanaprapta and Bodhisa-ttvas . The other groups on both sides centre on Skt. Manjusri and Skt. Samantabhadra followed by worshipping Bodhisattvas , and Apsaras in the form of marching to a meeting. Donators are found on both sides, the northern ones in monk dress, the southern common . Technically speaking, these three groups of murals are as important as those of the Dunhuang Grottoes. The wall paintings back of the statue of tne Main Buddha depicted Skt. Loka-pala , , dragons and monkey. The images were depi?ted with light and forceful strokes followed the style of Wu Daozi, something like his picture entitled "Combing the Hills ". They also have a unique style of their own. They are the only earlier mural in the existing Chinese wooden framework architecture. Another hall is Wenshu() Hall, the architectural feature of which is less pillars were used. This is a model of ancient reducing pillar buildings. Built in 1137 during the 15th year of the Reign of Tian Hui of the Jin Dynasty , it is in the form of single eaved hip roof type, measuring 7 bay in width , 4 bay in depth. It has an elegant yet dignified appearance which marks it as the rarest specimen of ancient Chinese wooden architecture. On the top of the hall there is a glazed Pagoda. The whole tower has a simple but dignified appearance in beautiful color. It was built in 1351. The feature of the Jin architecture is unusually represented here. The inclined bracket set for Pu Zhuo under the eaves are especially large which is another feature of Liao and Jin Dynasties architecture. In the centre of the Temple of the Giant Buddhais is the statues of Skt. Manjusri and his six attendants in handsome complexion. TheseJin Dyasty relics are well decorated. Carved on the lower part of the entire walls are the Five Hundred Luohan dated from 1426-1435 during the Reign of Xuen De of the Ming front of the Temple of the Giant Buddhais is a Tang Dynasty stone pillar pagoda inscribed with sutras and the llth Year of the Reign of Da Zhong when the Temple of Giant Buddha was constructed. The other stone pagoda shape with sutras stands in the yard within the temple gate dated from 877 in the Fourth Year of the Reign of Qianfu of the Tang Dynasty . Pagoda is important part of Foguang Temple complex. On the left side of the Temple of the Giang Buddha is a two storeyed hexagonal structure pagoda. It is built entirely of brick. Inside the building, the upper is solid, the lower part hollow. Its pillar is decorated with Indian styled lotus known as Zhu Shi Pagoda , it evidenced the cultural exchange between India and China and dated from Northern Wei or Northern the side of the Fo Guang Temple there are six Tang or Jin Dynasty tombs. The 1230 year old Wugou Jinguan Pagoda was built in the period of Tian Bao reign of the Tang dynasty. The lotus throne upon which the Buddha sits is painted with white lime and covered with colored picture and lotus flowers in dark red and yellow color. It is the only specimen among the existing styles of temples. Besides, a similar form once appeared in the Dunhuang Grottoes paintings of mural. Relics of Foguang Temple is the cream of Tang's flourishing Buddhist culture and art. It is a treasure house of our national culture. Foguang Temple has been opened to the public.

一、组织形式：在太原市统一组织。 二、口试方式：室内模拟讲解形式。 三、口试时间：考生按照准考证上安排的时间和考场参加考试，逾期不到者，视为弃考。 四、口试内容：根据《情系山西—旅行社导游词选编》，考试内容共涉及5条线路，考生可任选其中一条进行准备。讲解内容分为景点讲解、沿途讲解和专题讲解，共15分钟，其中景点讲解6分钟，沿途讲解4分钟，专题讲解5分钟。每条线路包括5个旅游景点，要求考生通过抽签决定所要讲解的内容。沿途讲解、专题讲解的内容在考试范围内随机抽取其中一项内容进行考核。口试总分100分，考评要点为景点讲解、沿途讲解、专题讲解、语言表达、仪表礼仪，分值比例为3：2：2：2：1。 5条线路分别为:1、古建宗教游 2、晋商文化游 3、寻根觅祖游 4、黄河文明游 5、太行山水、红色经典游 考生讲解内容分别为： （一）古建宗教游 景点讲解： 1、云冈石窟 2、悬空寺 3、应县木塔 4、显通寺 5、佛光寺 沿途讲解（大同—应县—浑源古建宗教游；太原—定襄—五台佛教文化游；大同—朔州—代县长城边塞游）： （1）大同概况 （2）金沙滩古战场 （3）塔建筑文化 （4）跤乡挠羊赛（5）明代长城 专题讲解： 专题一： 山西这方土 （1）文明摇篮、史前三圣（2）气候物产、民俗风情 （3）风云人物、文人墨客 （4）名胜古迹、名山大川 专题二：山西古建筑 （1）山西是中国古建筑博物馆 （2）山西古建筑的构造 （3）山西古建筑的环境美学（4）山西古建筑保存众多的原因 （二）晋商文化游 景点讲解： 1、晋祠 2、乔家大院 3、平遥古城 4、双林寺 5、王家大院 沿途讲解（太原—平遥—灵石晋商文化游）： （1）榆次老城 （2）太谷概况 （3）祁县古城 （4）平遥概况 （5）灵石风貌 专题讲解： 专题一：山西这方土 （1）文明摇篮、史前三圣（2）气候物产、民俗风情 （3）风云人物、文人墨客 （4）名胜古迹、名山大川专题二：山西的商人 （1）晋商的兴起（2）晋商的特点 （3）晋商的历史贡献（4）晋商的衰败及启示 （三）寻根觅祖游 景点讲解： 1、普救寺 2、关帝庙 3、永乐宫 4、尧庙 5、大槐树 沿途讲解（运城—侯马—临汾寻根觅祖游）： （1）文明摇篮古河东 （2）舜都蒲坂话名人 （3）禹都安邑今夏县（4）华夏文明源黄河 （5）大禹治水凿龙门 专题讲解： 专题一：山西这方土 （1）文明摇篮、史前三圣（2）气候物产、民俗风情 （3）风云人物、文人墨客（4）名胜古迹、名山大川 专题二：山西古壁画 唐代及五代的寺观壁画 （2）宋、辽、金时期的寺观壁画 （3）元代的寺观壁画（4）明清两代的寺观壁画 （四）黄河文明游 景点讲解： 1、芦芽山 2、玄中寺 3、碛口古镇 4、酒都杏花村 5、壶口瀑布 沿途讲解（太原—忻州—宁武黄河文明游、太原—汾阳—碛口黄河风情游）： （1）忻州概况（2）宁武概况 （3）果乡醋都话清徐（4）文学大师罗贯中 （5）黄河黄土说吕梁 专题讲解： 专题一：山西这方土 （1）文明摇篮、史前三圣（2）气候物产、民俗风情 （3）风云人物、文人墨客（4）名胜古迹、名山大川专题二：山西的食俗 （1）山西酒 （2）山西醋 （3）山西面 （五）太行山水、红色经典游 景点讲解： 1、藏山 2、黄崖洞 3、八路军纪念馆 4、太行山大峡谷 5、皇城相府 沿途讲解（晋城—长治—武乡太行山水游，太原—阳泉—左权红色经典游）： （1）中共创建第一城（2）左权将军与辽县 （3）太行明珠数晋城（4）长治概况（5）太行山水名胜多 专题讲解： 专题一：山西这方土 （1）文明摇篮、史前三圣 （2）气候物产、民俗风情 （3）风云人物、文人墨客 （4）名胜古迹、名山大川专题二：山西的民俗 （1）居住民俗（2）特有节庆 （3）婚嫁习俗 （4）山西民歌 五、口试程序： 1、考生在指定时间按顺序进入候考室（区）2、考生提前10分钟按照选定线路进行景点抽签，确定讲解内容（不得二次抽签）；抽签内容按5条线路分别设计3、考生进入考场，将准考证、身份证交主考官，考官在《评分表》上登记考生姓名、准考证号、所选线路、景点讲解、沿途讲解、专题讲解等内容。 4、开始考试①景点讲解；②沿途讲解；③专题讲解。 5、考试结束，考生退出考场这是08年的考试方式 09方向不会怎么改变 希望对你有帮助。